Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms
Manual transfer of experimentally-verified manual GO annotation data to orthologs by curator judgment of sequence similarity
Annotation inferences using phylogenetic trees
Gene Ontology annotation based on UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Subcellular Location vocabulary mapping, accompanied by conservative changes to GO terms applied by UniProt
Automatic assignment of GO terms using logical inference, based on on inter-ontology links
Electronic Gene Ontology annotations created by ARBA machine learning models
Combined Automated Annotation using Multiple IEA Methods
PIN proteins perform a rate-limiting function in cellular auxin efflux.
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Polar auxin transport inferred from the PIN family node with PIN2 (AT5G57090) itself among the experimental donors.
"PINs mediate auxin efflux from mammalian and yeast cells without needing additional plant-specific factors"
Differential degradation of PIN2 auxin efflux carrier by retromer-dependent vacuolar targeting.
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PIN2 is trafficked to the lytic vacuole for degradation, a route that tunes PIN2 abundance (e.g. differentially during gravistimulation).
"In vivo visualization of PIN2 vacuolar targeting revealed its differential degradation in response to environmental signals, such as gravity."
Glucose and auxin signaling interaction in controlling Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings root growth and development.
Differential auxin-transporting activities of PIN-FORMED proteins in Arabidopsis root hair cells.
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The ancestral ER localization inference is unresolved for PIN2.
"those PINs were localized in the plasma membrane, where they likely export auxin to the apoplast"
A PP6-type phosphatase holoenzyme directly regulates PIN phosphorylation and auxin efflux in Arabidopsis.
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Physical interaction of PIN2 with FyPP3, catalytic subunit of the PP6 phosphatase that dephosphorylates PINs. The interaction is real and relevant to PIN2 polarity/phosphorylation control, but GO:0005515 protein binding conveys no molecular function of PIN2.
"We demonstrate that FyPP1 and FyPP3 interact with a subset of PIN proteins and regulate PIN protein phosphorylation and targeting in vivo."
Root Bending Is Antagonistically Affected by Hypoxia and ERF-Mediated Transcription via Auxin Signaling.
AGC kinases and MAB4/MEL proteins maintain PIN polarity by limiting lateral diffusion in plant cells.
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Physical interaction of PIN2 with PINOID (PID), the AGC kinase that phosphorylates the PIN2 hydrophilic loop. The interaction is real and relevant to PIN2 polarity/phosphorylation control, but GO:0005515 protein binding conveys no molecular function of PIN2.
"GST-PID/WAGs and HIS-PIN2HL"
SAV4 is required for ethylene-induced root hair growth through stabilizing PIN2 auxin transporter in Arabidopsis.
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Physical interaction of PIN2 with SAV4, which stabilizes PIN2 at the shootward plasma membrane. The interaction is real and relevant to PIN2 polarity/phosphorylation control, but GO:0005515 protein binding conveys no molecular function of PIN2.
"SAV4 directly interacts with the PIN2 hydrophilic region (PIN2HL) and regulates PIN2 abundance on the PM."
EIR1, a root-specific protein involved in auxin transport, is required for gravitropism in Arabidopsis thaliana.
AtPIN2 defines a locus of Arabidopsis for root gravitropism control.
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The chloroplast prediction remains unverified rather than experimentally excluded.
"The AtPIN2 protein was localized in membranes of root cortical and epidermal cells in the meristematic and elongation zones revealing a polar localization."
The arabidopsis thaliana AGRAVITROPIC 1 gene encodes a component of the polar-auxin-transport efflux carrier.
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pin2 null roots are agravitropic; PIN2-mediated shootward auxin transport in the epidermis redistributes auxin to the lower flank of gravistimulated roots.
"we demonstrate that the Arabidopsis thaliana AGR1 gene encodes a component of the auxin efflux carrier that mediates the root gravitropic response"
Structural insights into auxin recognition and efflux by Arabidopsis PIN1.
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Transferred from PIN1 (Q9C6B8), whose cryo-EM structure shows a homodimer. PIN2 likely dimerizes similarly, but "identical protein binding" is a redundant, less informative parent of the homodimerization annotation.
"TM1, TM2 and TM7 constitute the dimer interface"
Intracellular trafficking and proteolysis of the Arabidopsis auxin-efflux facilitator PIN2 are involved in root gravitropism.
Polar PIN localization directs auxin flow in plants.
Auxin efflux by PIN-FORMED proteins is activated by two different protein kinases, D6 PROTEIN KINASE and PINOID.
Root Bending Is Antagonistically Affected by Hypoxia and ERF-Mediated Transcription via Auxin Signaling