Falcon deep research report for ATP6V1G2
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Mass spectrometry of V-ATPase purified from rat-brain synaptic vesicles identified the G2 isoform as the predominant G subunit (~83% G2 vs ~17% G1), indicating that the brain/neuron-enriched G2 isoform is the major G subunit incorporated into synaptic-vesicle V-ATPase.
"Mass spectrometry analysis of V-ATPase purified from rat brain synaptic vesicles identified G2 as the predominant G subunit (with approximately 83% G2 and 17% G1), confirming its enrichment in neuronal vesicular compartments"
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ATP6V1G2 is expressed specifically in neurons within the brain, whereas non-neuronal cells use only the ubiquitous G1 isoform.
"Within the brain, neurons express the unique G2 isoform in addition to G1, whereas non-neuronal cells such as astrocytes and glia express only the G1 isoform"
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G2-null mice show no overt brain or behavioral phenotype, with post-transcriptional up-regulation of G1 protein, indicating functional redundancy between G1 and G2.
"In G2-null mouse brains, the ubiquitous G1 isoform accumulated at higher protein levels than in wild-type animals, without a corresponding increase in G1 mRNA"
Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms
Manual transfer of experimentally-verified manual GO annotation data to orthologs by curator judgment of sequence similarity
Annotation inferences using phylogenetic trees
Gene Ontology annotation based on UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Subcellular Location vocabulary mapping, accompanied by conservative changes to GO terms applied by UniProt
Automatic transfer of experimentally verified manual GO annotation data to orthologs using Ensembl Compara
Combined Automated Annotation using Multiple IEA Methods
Proteomic and bioinformatic characterization of the biogenesis and function of melanosomes.
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ATP6V1G2 was identified by mass spectrometry in melanosome proteomes and is enriched in late-stage melanosomes, reflecting V-ATPase presence on this lysosome-related organelle.
"Comparative profiling and functional characterization of the melanosome proteomes identified approximately 1500 proteins in melanosomes of all stages, with approximately 600 in any given stage."
Lipofuscin is formed independently of macroautophagy and lysosomal activity in stress-induced prematurely senescent human fibroblasts.
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General lipofuscin/autophagy study in senescent fibroblasts; provides no gene-specific evidence that ATP6V1G2 regulates macroautophagy.
"both the autophagosomes and the lysosomal system are not mandatory for the formation of lipofuscin."
A reference map of the human binary protein interactome.
Multimodal cell maps as a foundation for structural and functional genomics.
Intraphagosomal pH is lowered to 5 by V-ATPase
Acidification of Tf:TfR1 containing endosome
RRAGC,D exchanges GTP for GDP
RRAGA,B exchanges GDP for GTP
v-ATPase:Ragulator:RRAGA,B:GTP:RRAGC,D:GDP:SLC38A9:Arginine dissociates yielding v-ATPase:Ragulator:RRAGA,B:GTP:RRAGC,D:GDP and SLC38A9:Arginine
v-ATPase:Ragulator:RagA,B:GDP:RagC,D:GDP binds SLC38A9:Arginine
v-ATPase:Ragulator:RRAGA,B:GTP:RRAGC,D:GDP binds mTORC1