Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms
Annotation inferences using phylogenetic trees
Gene Ontology annotation based on UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Subcellular Location vocabulary mapping, accompanied by conservative changes to GO terms applied by UniProt
Combined Automated Annotation using Multiple IEA Methods
Receptor-mediated endocytosis in the Caenorhabditis elegans oocyte.
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Alpha-adaptin RNAi abolishes yolk uptake into oocytes.
"We found that RNAi of these CCP components strongly inhibited uptake of YP170::GFP into oocytes, resulting in high accumulation of YP170::GFP in the pseudocoelomic space and many fewer YP170::GFP-containing yolk granules in late-stage oocytes and embryos."
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Embryos from alpha-adaptin RNAi mothers are inviable.
"In all of these cases, late-stage oocytes were smaller than in wild type, and embryos proved inviable."
Caenorhabditis elegans RME-6 is a novel regulator of RAB-5 at the clathrin-coated pit.
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Alpha-adaptin marks coelomocyte clathrin-coated pits and co-immunoprecipitates with RME-6, a RAB-5 GEF.
"We found that α-adaptin did indeed coimmunoprecipitate with GFP::RME-6, showing a physical link of RME-6 to clathrin-coated pits."
Systematic analysis of genes required for synapse structure and function.
Clathrin interaction and subcellular localization of Ce-DAB-1, an adaptor for protein secretion in Caenorhabditis elegans.
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DAB-1 binds clathrin and APT-4 in vitro.
"Ce-DAB-1 binds to clathrin and APT-4, the C. elegans homologue of the alpha-adaptin subunit of adaptor protein 2 (AP2)"
C. elegans Disabled is required for cell-type specific endocytosis and is essential in animals lacking the AP-3 adaptor complex.
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DAB-1 localisation in oocytes depends on clathrin and AP-2.
"The localisation of DAB-1 in oocytes is itself dependent upon clathrin and AP2, consistent with DAB-1 acting as a clathrin-associated sorting protein during yolk protein endocytosis."
Regulation of endocytic recycling by C. elegans Rab35 and its regulator RME-4, a coated-pit protein.
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RME-4 physically interacts with AP-2 on coated pits.
"GFP-RME-4 also physically interacts with AP-2, is enriched on clathrin-coated pits, and requires clathrin but not RAB-5 for cortical association."
Profiling synaptic proteins identifies regulators of insulin secretion and lifespan.
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APT-4::GFP is confined to synaptic puncta and marks endocytic intermediates.
"We observed increased punctal fluorescence of APT-4 α2 adaptin and ITSN-1 intersectin in unc-26 synaptojanin and unc-57 endophilin A mutant synapses (Table S2), consistent with the accumulation of endocytic intermediates in these mutants"
Recruitment of sphingosine kinase to presynaptic terminals by a conserved muscarinic signaling pathway promotes neurotransmitter release.
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APT-4::GFP is a periactive-zone marker in DA motor neurons.
"periactive zone proteins (SNN-1/synapsin, APT-4/adaptin, and ITSN-1/intersectin) in the DA class of motor neurons"
AP2 hemicomplexes contribute independently to synaptic vesicle endocytosis.
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apa-2 null mutants are viable; alpha and mu2 halves of AP-2 function as partially independent hemicomplexes.
"α-adaptin mutants are viable and the remaining μ2/β hemicomplex retains some function."
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Loss of alpha reduces synaptic vesicles ~30%; loss of both alpha and mu2 reduces them 70%.
"Mutations in either α or μ2 subunits alone reduce the number of synaptic vesicles by about 30%; however, simultaneous loss of both α and μ2 subunits leads to a 70% reduction in synaptic vesicles and the presence of large vacuoles."
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Dileucine cargo depends more on alpha, MIG-14 more on mu2.
"These data suggest that recovery of di-leucine cargo depends on α-adaptin more than μ2-adaptin."
Clathrin and AP2 are required for phagocytic receptor-mediated apoptotic cell clearance in Caenorhabditis elegans.
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APA-2::GFP surrounds apoptotic corpses in a CED-1/CED-6-dependent manner and binds CED-1 and CED-6 directly.
"The GST-fused intracellular region of CED-1 (CED-1C, amino acids 933–1111), but not GST, directly interacted with 35S-labeled APA-2 synthesized by in vitro translation (Figure 4A)."
The membrane-associated proteins FCHo and SGIP are allosteric activators of the AP2 clathrin adaptor complex.
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apa-2 alleles were recovered in the jowls screen with fcho-1 and apm-2.
"We screened for mutants with the jowls phenotype and identified multiple mutations in three genes coding for alpha adaptin, mu2 adaptin and the nematode homolog of FCHo (Figure 1—figure supplement 2)."
Deep research report (falcon/Edison) on C. elegans apa-2
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Deep research corroborates the alpha/sigma2 hemicomplex model, quantifies the dileucine-cargo defect, and adds GLR-1 trafficking and NCAP-1/NECAP regulation not in GOA.
"An intestinal eGFP–CD4 reporter carrying an ExxxLL signal accumulated at the basolateral membrane in *apa-2(ox422)* animals, with fluorescence of 14,907 ± 990 versus 1,998 ± 275 in wild type (*p*<0.0001)."