Gene Ontology annotation based on UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Subcellular Location vocabulary mapping, accompanied by conservative changes to GO terms applied by UniProt
Combined Automated Annotation using Multiple IEA Methods
Sorting signals, N-terminal modifications and abundance of the chloroplast proteome.
Isolation and characterization of the Z-ISO gene encoding a missing component of carotenoid biosynthesis in plants.
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Z-ISO was identified from maize and Arabidopsis mutants, and functional expression in E. coli demonstrated isomerization of the 15-cis bond of 9,15,9'-tri-cis-zeta-carotene, proving it encodes the missing pathway step.
"Functional testing of the gene product in Escherichia coli showed isomerization of the 15-cis double bond in 9,15,9'-tri-cis-zeta-carotene, proving that Z-ISO encoded the missing step."
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Z-ISO is required for carotenoid biosynthesis in both illuminated and dark tissues, i.e. the enzymatic step cannot be fully replaced by light-driven photoisomerization.
"Z-ISO was found to be important for both light-exposed and "dark" tissues."
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Z-ISO is conserved across plants, algae, diatoms and cyanobacteria and evolved from an NnrU-related bacterial ancestor.
"Z-ISO evolved from an ancestor related to the NnrU (for nitrite and nitric oxide reductase U) gene required for bacterial denitrification"
Control of carotenoid biosynthesis through a heme-based cis-trans isomerase.
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Plant Z-ISO is a bona fide enzyme and integral membrane protein that independently catalyses the 15-15' cis-trans isomerization.
"Z-ISO is a bona fide enzyme and integral membrane protein."
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Z-ISO isomerization requires a ferrous heme b cofactor with redox-regulated axial-ligand switching, an unprecedented heme b chemistry.
"isomerization depends upon a ferrous heme b cofactor that undergoes redox-regulated ligand switching between the heme iron and alternate Z-ISO amino acid residues."
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The decisive in vitro biochemistry was performed with Z-ISO isolated from Zea mays.
"isolated Z-ISO from Zea mays"
UniProt record for Z-ISO (Q9SAC0)
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UniProt names Q9SAC0 15-cis-zeta-carotene isomerase, EC 5.2.1.12, with catalytic activity Rhea:30967 (9,9',15-tri-cis-zeta-carotene = 9,9'-di-cis-zeta-carotene), plastid chloroplast-membrane multi-pass localization, a chloroplast transit peptide and six transmembrane helices.
"Reaction=9,9',15-tri-cis-zeta-carotene = 9,9'-di-cis-zeta-carotene;"
Deep research report for Z-ISO
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Retrieval support only. The report agrees with the primary literature on identity (At1g10830 = Z-ISO = Q9SAC0), the isomerization reaction and pathway position between PDS and ZDS, plastid integral-membrane localization, the heme-b/ferrous dependence (maize-based), and the NnrU ancestry; all identifiers and quotations in this review were verified against the cached publications, UniProt, QuickGO, OLS and Rhea, not taken from the report.