Photoreceptor regulation of CONSTANS protein in photoperiodic flowering.
Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms
Annotation inferences using phylogenetic trees
Gene Ontology annotation based on UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Subcellular Location vocabulary mapping, accompanied by conservative changes to GO terms applied by UniProt
Automatic assignment of GO terms using logical inference, based on on inter-ontology links
Arabidopsis transcription factors: genome-wide comparative analysis among eukaryotes.
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This genome-wide analysis establishes that Arabidopsis encodes a large transcription factor repertoire, but the cached abstract does not expose CO-specific evidence for the seeded ISS annotation.
"Arabidopsis dedicates over 5% of its genome to code for more than 1500 transcription factors, about 45% of which are from families specific to plants."
Distinct roles of CONSTANS target genes in reproductive development of Arabidopsis.
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CO promotes Arabidopsis flowering in response to day length and rapidly induces target genes including FT and SOC1.
"CONSTANS (CO) promotes flowering of Arabidopsis in response to day length. Four early target genes of CO were identified using a steroid-inducible version of the protein."
CONSTANS mediates between the circadian clock and the control of flowering in Arabidopsis.
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CO expression is clock- and daylength-regulated, FT expression follows a related daily window, and CO overexpression rescues flowering defects in circadian mutants.
"expression of CONSTANS (CO), a gene that accelerates flowering in response to long days, is modulated by the circadian clock and day length."
CONSTANS and the CCAAT box binding complex share a functionally important domain and interact to regulate flowering of Arabidopsis.
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CO interacts with AtHAP3/NF-YB and AtHAP5/NF-YC subunits and these interactions are functionally tied to FT expression in phloem companion cells.
"CONSTANS (CO), which promotes Arabidopsis flowering, interacts with At HAP3 and At HAP5 in yeast, in vitro, and in planta."
COP1-mediated ubiquitination of CONSTANS is implicated in cryptochrome regulation of flowering in Arabidopsis.
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COP1 physically binds CO, ubiquitinates it, and lowers CO protein abundance, explaining part of cryptochrome-dependent stabilization of CO.
"COP1 physically interacts with CO and functions as an E3 ligase, ubiquitinating CO in vitro and reducing CO levels in vivo."
Arabidopsis COP1 shapes the temporal pattern of CO accumulation conferring a photoperiodic flowering response.
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COP1 and CO interact through the C-terminal region of CO, and COP1-mediated turnover limits CO protein abundance in the dark.
"COP1 and CO interact in vivo and in vitro through the C-terminal region of CO."
Isolation of CONSTANS as a TGA4/OBF4 interacting protein.
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OBF4/TGA4 was identified as a CO interactor and may regulate FT together with CO, but the cached source is abstract-only.
"We identified CONSTANS (CO), a positive regulator of floral induction, as an OBF4-interacting protein, in a yeast two-hybrid library screen."
Regulation of CONSTANS and FLOWERING LOCUS T expression in response to changing light quality.
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Far-red-enriched light increases CO mRNA and protein accumulation, and co mutants are relatively insensitive to far-red-enriched light promotion of flowering.
"Consistent with the model that FREL promotes flowering through CO, mutants for co or gigantea, which are required for CO transcript accumulation, are relatively insensitive to FREL."
Acceleration of flowering during shade avoidance in Arabidopsis alters the balance between FLOWERING LOCUS C-mediated repression and photoperiodic induction of flowering.
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Low red:far-red shade conditions require CO for full long-day acceleration of flowering and enhance CO expression/activity.
"A low red to far-red ratio required the photoperiod-pathway genes GIGANTEA (GI) and CONSTANS (CO) to fully accelerate flowering in long days and did not promote flowering in short days."
Evidence for network evolution in an Arabidopsis interactome map.
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The paper reports a high-throughput Arabidopsis interactome map, but the cached text does not expose the exact CO-BBX32 interaction underlying the seeded GOA row.
"We describe a proteome-wide binary protein-protein interaction map for the interactome network of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana containing about 6200 highly reliable interactions between about 2700 proteins."
PHYTOCHROME-DEPENDENT LATE-FLOWERING accelerates flowering through physical interactions with phytochrome B and CONSTANS.
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PHL forms a red-light-dependent phyB-PHL-CO regulatory complex that modulates photoperiodic flowering, but this is better treated as a regulatory interaction than as generic protein binding.
"in the presence of phyB under red light, PHL interacted with CO as well."
DELLA proteins physically interact with CONSTANS to regulate flowering under long days in Arabidopsis.
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DELLA proteins bind CO and inhibit CO-NF-YB2 interaction, linking gibberellin signaling to long-day flowering control.
"DELLA proteins physically interact with CONSTANS (CO)."
MicroProtein-Mediated Recruitment of CONSTANS into a TOPLESS Trimeric Complex Represses Flowering in Arabidopsis.
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miP1a/miP1b bind CO and recruit TOPLESS/TOPLESS-related corepressors, reducing CO-dependent FT induction and delaying flowering.
"Both miP1a and miP1b interact with CO in yeast, in vitro and in planta."
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CO is observed in nuclear/subnuclear foci in transient expression assays.
"GFP:CO localizes to sub-nuclear speckles"
CONSTANS Imparts DNA Sequence Specificity to the Histone Fold NF-YB/NF-YC Dimer.
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CO forms an NF-CO trimer with NF-YB2/NF-YC3, confers sequence specificity to histone fold DNA binding, and binds CORE elements in the FT promoter.
"CONSTANS (CO/B-BOX PROTEIN1 BBX1), a master flowering regulator, forms a trimer with Arabidopsis thaliana NF-YB2/NF-YC3 to efficiently bind the CORE element of the FLOWERING LOCUS T promoter."
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The CCT domain mutation co-7 abolishes NF-CO DNA binding, supporting CO's direct role in sequence-specific transcription factor activity.
"The co-7 mutation in the CCT domain, corresponding to an NF-YA arginine directly involved in CCAAT recognition, abolishes NF-CO binding to DNA."
CrY2H-seq: a massively multiplexed assay for deep-coverage interactome mapping.
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CrY2H-seq provides high-throughput Arabidopsis transcription factor interaction data, but the cached full text does not expose the exact CO interaction pairs used in the seeded GOA annotation.
"we demonstrate CrY2H-seq's improved screening capacity, efficiency, and sensitivity over those of existing technologies."
B-box transcription factor 28 regulates flowering by interacting with constans.
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BBX28 binds CO, decreases CO recruitment to the FT locus, and negatively regulates flowering under long days.
"the interaction between BBX28 and CO decreases the recruitment of CO to FT locus without affecting the transcriptional activation activity of CO."
Structural insights into the multivalent binding of the Arabidopsis FLOWERING LOCUS T promoter by the CO-NF-Y master transcription factor complex.
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Structural and biochemical data show that CO-NF-Y directly recognizes CORE1/CORE2/P1/P2 elements in the FT promoter through TGTG-containing motifs.
"the four previously characterized cis-elements in the FT promoter proximal region, CORE1, CORE2, P1, and P2, are all direct CO binding sites."
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CO binds FT promoter DNA as a complex with NF-YB/NF-YC and uses B-box multimerization for multivalent promoter occupancy.
"Structural analysis of CO in complex with NUCLEAR FACTOR-YB/YC (NF-YB/YC) and the CORE2 or CORE1 elements revealed the molecular basis for the specific recognition of the shared TGTG motifs."
Falcon deep research synthesis for Arabidopsis CO
PANTHER PTHR31319 CONSTANS-like family entries
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PANTHER places Arabidopsis CO in PTHR31319:SF82, a CONSTANS-specific subfamily, while related rice HD1/CO3 entries occur in other subfamilies.
"Q39057,Zinc finger protein CONSTANS,protein,3702,Arabidopsis thaliana,Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress),CO,373,PTHR31319:SF82,ZINC FINGER PROTEIN CONSTANS,True"