Gene Ontology annotation based on UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Subcellular Location vocabulary mapping, accompanied by conservative changes to GO terms applied by UniProt
Automatic assignment of GO terms using logical inference, based on on inter-ontology links
The SHORT-ROOT gene controls radial patterning of the Arabidopsis root through radial signaling.
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SHR is required for the asymmetric cell division forming ground tissue and for endodermis specification, and acts upstream of SCR.
"The SHORT-ROOT (SHR) gene is required for the asymmetric cell division responsible for formation of ground tissue (endodermis and cortex) as well as specification of endodermis in the Arabidopsis root."
Arabidopsis transcription factors: genome-wide comparative analysis among eukaryotes.
Intercellular movement of the putative transcription factor SHR in root patterning.
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SHR protein moves from the stele into a single adjacent cell layer and enters the nucleus, acting as a non-cell-autonomous signal.
"the SHR protein, a putative transcription factor, moves from the stele to a single layer of adjacent cells, where it enters the nucleus."
Mechanisms regulating SHORT-ROOT intercellular movement.
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A cytoplasmic pool of SHR is required for, and intrinsic features of SHR regulate, its intercellular movement.
"SHR must be present in the cytoplasm to move, providing evidence that SHR movement is regulated."
Whole-genome analysis of the SHORT-ROOT developmental pathway in Arabidopsis.
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SHR binds in vivo (ChIP) to promoters of direct targets including SCR, MGP, NUC and TRI and has transcription factor activity within its expression domain.
"this demonstrates that SHR has transcription factor activity and, most important, confirms that at least four of the eight direct targets identified by the meta-analysis are directly bound by SHR in vivo."
An evolutionarily conserved mechanism delimiting SHR movement defines a single layer of endodermis in plants.
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SCR sequesters SHR in the nucleus via protein-protein interaction and a SHR/SCR-dependent positive feedback loop, restricting SHR to one endodermal layer.
"SCARECROW (SCR) blocks SHR movement by sequestering it into the nucleus through protein-protein interaction and a safeguard mechanism that relies on a SHR/SCR-dependent positive feedback loop for SCR transcription."
Arabidopsis JACKDAW and MAGPIE zinc finger proteins delimit asymmetric cell division and stabilize tissue boundaries by restricting SHORT-ROOT action.
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SHR interacts with the zinc-finger proteins JKD and MGP in a feed-forward loop that regulates the range of SHR/SCR action.
"JACKDAW and MAGPIE genes, which encode members of a plant-specific family of zinc finger proteins, act in a SHR-dependent feed-forward loop to regulate the range of action of SHORT-ROOT and SCARECROW."
Large-scale analysis of the GRAS gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana.
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Confirmed SHR-SCR interaction by Y2H and identified SCL23 as a new SHR-interacting GRAS protein.
"we confirmed the protein-protein interaction between SHORT-ROOT (SHR) and SCARECROW (SCR). Furthermore, we identified a new SHR-interacting protein, SCARECROW-LIKE23 (SCL23)."
Identification of the endodermal vacuole as the iron storage compartment in the Arabidopsis embryo.
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Iron is stored in endodermal vacuoles of the embryo; the paper does not directly study SHR, so the SHR-iron link is indirect via endodermis specification.
"in dry seeds Fe is primarily stored in the endodermis cell layer, within the vacuoles, from which it is remobilized during germination."
SHORT-ROOT and SCARECROW regulate leaf growth in Arabidopsis by stimulating S-phase progression of the cell cycle.
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In leaves SHR and SCR act as general regulators of cell proliferation by driving S-phase progression, a role distinct from their root patterning function.
"SHR and SCR primarily function as general regulators of cell proliferation in leaves... primarily drive S-phase progression, presumably by a stimulation of E2F action."
A bistable circuit involving SCARECROW-RETINOBLASTOMA integrates cues to inform asymmetric stem cell division.
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SHR and SCR transcriptionally control CYCLIND6;1 in a bistable circuit governing asymmetric stem cell division.
"This cyclin is itself under transcriptional control of SCR and its partner SHORT ROOT (SHR), creating a robust bistable"
SCARECROW, SCR-LIKE 23 and SHORT-ROOT control bundle sheath cell fate and function in Arabidopsis thaliana.
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SHR moves into leaf bundle-sheath cells where it directly regulates SCR and SCL23 and is essential for BS cell-fate specification.
"the SHR protein moves into the BS cells, where it directly regulates SCR and SCL23 expression."
The movement of the non-cell-autonomous transcription factor, SHORT-ROOT relies on the endomembrane system.
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SHR localizes to early, late and recycling endosomes in a SIEL-dependent manner; endosome function is required for SHR intercellular movement.
"in the cytoplasm of root or leaf cells, SHR localizes to endosomes in a SIEL-dependent manner. Interference of early and late endosomes disrupts intercellular movement of SHR."
An Arabidopsis gene regulatory network for secondary cell wall synthesis.
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An enhanced yeast-one-hybrid GRN scored SHR as binding cis-regulatory regions of secondary-cell-wall genes; given GRAS biology this is likely indirect.
"Yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) protein-DNA interaction assays"
Structure of the SHR-SCR heterodimer bound to the BIRD/IDD transcriptional factor JKD.
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SHR and SCR form a GRAS-domain heterodimer; the SHR-SCR complex binds the zinc fingers of IDD TFs (JKD/MGP) and acts as a transcription cofactor, with no evidence for direct DNA binding by SHR.
"there is no evidence for direct binding of SHR-SCR or other GRAS proteins to DNA. We did not find any DNA-binding motifs in our structure of the SHR-SCR complex"
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SHR-SCR regulate target gene transcription via binding of SHR to BIRD transcription factors, which provide DNA contact.
"These results suggest that SHR-SCR are transcriptional cofactors that regulate target gene transcription via binding of SHR to BIRD transcription factors."
In vivo FRET-FLIM reveals cell-type-specific protein interactions in Arabidopsis roots.
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SHR forms cell-type-specific complexes with SCR and JKD in roots, including higher-order complexes whose conformation tunes target-gene regulation.
"three fully functional fluorescently tagged cell fate regulators establish cell-type-specific interactions at endogenous expression levels and can form higher order complexes."
Falcon (Edison Scientific) deep research report for SHR
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SHR is a mobile, non-cell-autonomous GRAS transcription factor that moves from the stele into adjacent cells through plasmodesmata to deliver positional information, acting in protein complexes with SCR, SCL23 and BIRD/IDD (JKD) factors to pattern ground tissue and drive formative division.
"SHR is synthesized in one tissue domain but acts in neighboring cells after intercellular movement through plasmodesmata, thereby delivering positional information."