Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms
Annotation inferences using phylogenetic trees
Gene Ontology annotation based on UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Subcellular Location vocabulary mapping, accompanied by conservative changes to GO terms applied by UniProt
Electronic Gene Ontology annotations created by ARBA machine learning models
Combined Automated Annotation using Multiple IEA Methods
CUT1, an Arabidopsis gene required for cuticular wax biosynthesis and pollen fertility, encodes a very-long-chain fatty acid condensing enzyme.
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CUT1 encodes a VLCFA condensing enzyme; sense suppression gives waxless stems (wax load 6-7% of wild type) and conditional male sterility, with C24 wax components predominating, indicating a role in elongation beyond C24.
"In CUT1-suppressed plants, the C24 chain-length wax components predominate, suggesting that CUT1 is required for elongation of C24 VLCFAs."
Alterations in CER6, a gene identical to CUT1, differentially affect long-chain lipid content on the surface of pollen and stems.
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Positional cloning shows CER6 is identical to CUT1; CER6 is required for stem wax and pollen coat lipids, and low amounts of VLC lipids suffice for pollen hydration.
"segregation analysis showed that CER6 is identical to CUT1"
Significance of the expression of the CER6 condensing enzyme for cuticular wax production in Arabidopsis.
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CER6 is transcribed in the epidermis (and anther tapetum); transcription requires light and is enhanced by osmotic stress and ABA; epidermal overexpression increases stem wax.
"CER6 promoter-driven CER6 overexpression resulted in increased wax deposition in Arabidopsis stems."
Biosynthesis and secretion of plant cuticular wax.
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Review of wax biosynthesis focusing on ER fatty acid elongation to C24-C34 and downstream wax pathways; source for the EXP ER-membrane annotation.
"Here we focus on fatty acid elongation (FAE) to very long chains (C24-C34)"
Saturated very-long-chain fatty acids promote cotton fiber and Arabidopsis cell elongation by activating ethylene biosynthesis.
The VLCFA elongase gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana: phylogenetic analysis, 3D modelling and expression profiling.
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All elongase subunits (KCS, KCR, HCD, ECR) localize to the ER in tobacco cells; KCS gene expression is regulated by organ and stress.
"all these proteins are localized in the endoplasmic reticulum demonstrating that VLCFA production occurs in this compartment"
Global Analysis of Membrane-associated Protein Oligomerization Using Protein Correlation Profiling.
Tackling functional redundancy of Arabidopsis fatty acid elongase complexes.
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All 21 Arabidopsis KCSs localize to the ER; KCS6 (with KCS5) elongates C22 to C24-C28 in yeast and increases C26/C28 when expressed in planta.
"C26 and C28 acyl-chains were increased upon KCS6 expression"
Transcription factor bZIP48-MYB96 module positively regulates cuticular wax synthesis by directly activating KCSs and CER3 genes in response to cold stress.
Falcon deep research report for CUT1/CER6/KCS6 (At1g68530)
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Synthesizes CUT1/KCS6 as the ER condensing enzyme acting on C22-C28 acyl-CoAs, principally C26 to C28 in planta, with CER2-family accessory proteins required for elongation beyond C28.
"with its dominant physiological role being the elongation of C26 to C28 fatty acids"