Manual transfer of experimentally-verified manual GO annotation data to orthologs by curator judgment of sequence similarity
Annotation inferences using phylogenetic trees
Gene Ontology annotation based on UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Subcellular Location vocabulary mapping, accompanied by conservative changes to GO terms applied by UniProt
Electronic Gene Ontology annotations created by ARBA machine learning models
Combined Automated Annotation using Multiple IEA Methods
Mammalian wax biosynthesis. I. Identification of two fatty acyl-Coenzyme A reductases with different substrate specificities and tissue distributions.
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FAR2 was identified as a fatty acyl-CoA reductase that reduces fatty acids to fatty alcohols, preferring saturated C16/C18 fatty acids, and localizes to the peroxisome.
"FAR1 and FAR2 cDNAs encoded isozymes that reduced fatty acids to fatty alcohols. Fatty acyl-CoA esters were the substrate of FAR1, and the enzyme required NADPH as a cofactor."
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FAR2 mRNA is restricted, most abundant in the eyelid (wax-laden Meibomian glands), and is present in brain.
"The FAR2 mRNA was more restricted in distribution and most abundant in the eyelid, which contains wax-laden meibomian glands."
Topogenesis and homeostasis of fatty acyl-CoA reductase 1.
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FAR1 and FAR2 are peroxisomal proteins; the study characterizes FAR1 as a tail-anchored peroxisomal membrane protein and uses FAR2 as a comparator, supporting FAR2 peroxisomal membrane localization.
"Far1, but not Far2, was preferentially degraded in response to the cellular level of plasmalogens."
FAR2 reduces PalmCoA to HXOL
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FAR2 catalyzes reduction of palmitoyl-CoA plus NADPH to hexadecanol, CoASH, and NADP+ in the peroxisome.
"Peroxisomal fatty acyl-CoA reductase 2 (FAR2) catalyzes the reaction of palmitoyl-CoA (PalmCoA) and 2 NADPH + 2 H+ to form hexadecanol (HXOL), CoASH, and 2 NADP+."
Wax biosynthesis
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FAR1 and FAR2 reduce fatty acids to fatty alcohols in the peroxisome upstream of AWAT-catalyzed wax ester formation in the cytosol.
"FAR1 and FAR2 catalyze the reduction of fatty acids to fatty alcohols in the peroxisome and AWAT1 and AWAT2 catalyze the reaction of fatty alcohols and acyl-CoA in the cytosol to form wax esters."