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GEMC1 (GMNC) is a nuclear, E2F-DP1-dependent transcriptional co-activator that initiates the multiciliated cell transcriptional program, inducing MCIDAS, FOXJ1, MYB, TP73, CCNO and CDC20B.
"GEMC1 is a nuclear, E2F–DP1-dependent transcriptional co-activator that initiates the multiciliated cell (MCC) transcriptional program. It lacks a DNA-binding domain and functions by forming complexes with E2F4/5–DP1 and engaging transcriptional/chromatin machinery to activate MCC regulators and effectors."
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GEMC1 acts predominantly in the nucleus, operating with E2F-DP1 complexes and chromatin remodelers.
"Functional evidence places GEMC1 in the nucleus as a transcriptional co-activator, operating with E2F–DP1 complexes and chromatin remodelers (Mediator, SWI/SNF)."
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GEMC1 loss-of-function in mouse causes loss of multiciliated cells with hydrocephalus, infertility and airway mucociliary defects.
"gmnc loss causes loss/defect of MCCs with resultant hydrocephalus, infertility and airway mucociliary defects in mouse models."
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Two independent 2016 studies (Terré et al., EMBO J, PMID:27006276; Arbi et al., EMBO Rep, PMID:26882546) established GEMC1 as an early-acting master activator of the multiciliated cell program in airway and other epithelia.
"Two independent 2016 studies established GEMC1 as an early-acting master activator of the MCC program in airway and other epithelia, operating with E2F-DP1 and inducing MCIDAS, FOXJ1, and core MCC effectors."