Manual transfer of experimentally-verified manual GO annotation data to orthologs by curator judgment of sequence similarity
Annotation inferences using phylogenetic trees
Gene Ontology annotation based on UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Subcellular Location vocabulary mapping, accompanied by conservative changes to GO terms applied by UniProt
Automated transfer of experimentally-verified manual GO annotation data to mouse-rat orthologs
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Source rat calmodulin genes RGD:2257, RGD:2258, RGD:2259 all encode the same protein as mouse Calm3; ISO transfers are biochemically valid but carry all rat paralog annotations to each mouse Calm locus, producing paralog-proliferation of fine-grained annotations without Calm3-specific evidence
Automatic transfer of experimentally verified manual GO annotation data to orthologs using Ensembl Compara
Electronic Gene Ontology annotations created by ARBA machine learning models
Automated transfer of experimentally-verified manual GO annotation data to mouse-human orthologs
Combined Automated Annotation using Multiple IEA Methods
Falcon deep research summary for mouse Calm3
Calmodulin is an auxiliary subunit of KCNQ2/3 potassium channels.
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Calmodulin (CaM) identified as constitutive auxiliary subunit of KCNQ2/3 potassium channels via yeast two-hybrid and co-immunoprecipitation from mouse brain
"Calmodulin (CaM) was identified as a KCNQ2 and KCNQ3 potassium channel-binding protein, using a yeast two-hybrid screen. CaM is tethered constitutively to the channel, in the absence or presence of Ca2+, in transfected cells and also coimmunoprecipitates with KCNQ2/3 from mouse brain."
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CaM binding to KCNQ2 IQ-like motifs is calcium-independent and required for channel activity
"The voltage-dependent activation of the KCNQ2/3 channel also shows no Ca2+ sensitivity, nor is it affected by overexpression of the Ca2+-insensitive CaM mutant. On the other hand, KCNQ2 mutants deficient in CaM binding are unable to generate detectable currents when coexpressed with KCNQ3 in CHO cells...The correlation of CaM binding with channel function suggests that CaM is an auxiliary subunit of the KCNQ2/3 channel."
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Evidence uses general calmodulin from mouse brain, not specifically Calm3
S100A1 and calmodulin compete for the same binding site on ryanodine receptor.
Structural analysis of the complex between calmodulin and full-length myelin basic protein, an intrinsically disordered molecule.
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CaM pulled down as major calcium-dependent binding partner of MBP from human brain white matter
"We pulled down MBP from human brain white matter as the major calcium-dependent CaM-binding protein."
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CaM and MBP colocalize in myelin sheaths
"show that CaM and MBP colocalize in myelin sheaths."
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Study uses general calmodulin protein; does not identify which calmodulin gene product is present in myelin
Calmodulin is required for cell-cycle progression during G1 and mitosis.
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Antisense-RNA-induced reduction of calmodulin in mouse C127 cells causes cell cycle arrest at G1 and mitosis
"Cells carrying the BPV-CaMAS vector transiently produce CaM anti-sense RNA resulting in a significant decrease in intracellular CaM concentration...Flow cytometric analysis showed that progression through G1 and mitosis was affected by changes in CaM levels."
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Calmodulin overexpression transiently accelerates proliferation
"Increased CaM caused a transient acceleration of proliferation, while the anti-sense RNA induced decrease in CaM caused a transient cell cycle arrest."
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Evidence targets total calmodulin (all CaM genes), not specifically Calm3
A retained intron in the 3'-UTR of Calm3 mRNA mediates its Staufen2- and activity-dependent localization to neuronal dendrites.
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Calm3L (long isoform) mRNA is the top Stau2 iCLIP target in E18 mouse brain via a retained 3-UTR intron; Calm1 and Calm2 lack Stau2 crosslink clusters in this analysis — this is a Calm3-specific regulatory feature
"In 28 (7.9%) of those, binding occurred to a retained intron in their 3'-UTR The strongest bound 3'-UTR intron was present in the longest isoform of Calmodulin 3 (Calm3L ) mRNA Calm3L 3'-UTR contains six Stau2 crosslink clusters, four of which are in this retained 3'-UTR intron"
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Stau2-mediated dendritic localization of Calm3L mRNA is activity-dependent and abolished by synaptic silencing
"NMDA-mediated synaptic activity specifically promoted the dendritic mRNA localization of the Calm3L isoform, while inhibition of synaptic activity reduced it substantially."
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Loss of the retained 3-UTR intron impairs dendritic localization; Stau2 knockdown increases nuclear retention without affecting total mRNA stability
"The Calm3L mRNA localized to neuronal dendrites, while lack of the 3'-UTR intron impaired its dendritic localization. Importantly, Stau2 mediates this dendritic localization via the 3'-UTR intron, without affecting its stability."
Protein Kinase C and Calmodulin Serve As Calcium Sensors for Calcium-Stimulated Endocytosis at Synapses.
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Calmodulin 2 gene (Calm2) knockout mice used for all calmodulin-related genetic experiments
"We generated PKC (α or β-isoform) and calmodulin (calmodulin 2 gene) knock-out mice of either sex and measured endocytosis with capacitance measurements, pHluorin imaging and electron microscopy."
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Calm2 KO inhibits slow, rapid, and bulk endocytosis at calyx of Held and hippocampal synapses
"We found that these knock-outs inhibited slow (∼10-30 s) and rapid (<∼3 s) endocytosis at large calyx-type calyces, and inhibited slow endocytosis and bulk endocytosis (forming large endosome-like structures) at small conventional hippocampal synapses"
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Rescue by wild-type calmodulin but not calcium-binding-deficient mutant confirms calcium-sensor role
"Inhibition of slow endocytosis in PKC or calmodulin 2 knock-out hippocampal synapses was rescued by overexpressing wild-type PKC or calmodulin, but not calcium-binding-deficient PKC or calmodulin mutant, respectively, suggesting that calcium stimulates endocytosis by binding with its calcium sensor PKC and calmodulin."
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The knockout is Calm2-specific; attribution of IMP/NAS evidence to Calm3 (P0DP28) is based on protein identity, not direct Calm3 experimental manipulation