Manual transfer of experimentally-verified manual GO annotation data to orthologs by curator judgment of sequence similarity
Annotation inferences using phylogenetic trees
Gene Ontology annotation based on UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Subcellular Location vocabulary mapping, accompanied by conservative changes to GO terms applied by UniProt
Gene Ontology annotation based on curation of immunofluorescence data
Automatic transfer of experimentally verified manual GO annotation data to orthologs using Ensembl Compara
Electronic Gene Ontology annotations created by ARBA machine learning models
Combined Automated Annotation using Multiple IEA Methods
ARF6 requirement for Rac ruffling suggests a role for membrane trafficking in cortical actin rearrangements.
The small GTPase RalA targets filamin to induce filopodia.
Localized Rac activation dynamics visualized in living cells.
Synaptojanin 2, a novel Rac1 effector that regulates clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
Human homologues of the Caenorhabditis elegans cell polarity protein PAR6 as an adaptor that links the small GTPases Rac and Cdc42 to atypical protein kinase C.
The structural basis of Arfaptin-mediated cross-talk between Rac and Arf signalling pathways.
Crystal structure of the Rac1-RhoGDI complex involved in nadph oxidase activation.
Cdc42 induces filopodia by promoting the formation of an IRSp53:Mena complex.
The integrin cytoplasmic domain-associated protein ICAP-1 binds and regulates Rho family GTPases during cell spreading.
Unconventional Rac-GEF activity is mediated through the Dock180-ELMO complex.
Novel mechanism of the co-regulation of nuclear transport of SmgGDS and Rac1.
The TRE17 oncogene encodes a component of a novel effector pathway for Rho GTPases Cdc42 and Rac1 and stimulates actin remodeling.
The C-terminal domain of Rac1 contains two motifs that control targeting and signaling specificity.
RhoG activates Rac1 by direct interaction with the Dock180-binding protein Elmo.
Skeletal muscle signaling pathway through the dystrophin glycoprotein complex and Rac1.
Lowe syndrome protein OCRL1 interacts with Rac GTPase in the trans-Golgi network.
The mammalian passenger protein TD-60 is an RCC1 family member with an essential role in prometaphase to metaphase progression.
CYFIP2 is highly abundant in CD4+ cells from multiple sclerosis patients and is involved in T cell adhesion.
The composition of Staufen-containing RNA granules from human cells indicates their role in the regulated transport and translation of messenger RNAs.
PH domain of ELMO functions in trans to regulate Rac activation via Dock180.
Mammalian TOR complex 2 controls the actin cytoskeleton and is rapamycin insensitive.
TIM, a Dbl-related protein, regulates cell shape and cytoskeletal organization in a Rho-dependent manner.
A Steric-inhibition model for regulation of nucleotide exchange via the Dock180 family of GEFs.
A GIT1/PIX/Rac/PAK signaling module regulates spine morphogenesis and synapse formation through MLC.
The small GTP-binding protein rac regulates growth factor-induced membrane ruffling.
Targeting and activation of Rac1 are mediated by the exchange factor beta-Pix.
Phospholipase Cgamma/diacylglycerol-dependent activation of beta2-chimaerin restricts EGF-induced Rac signaling.
Nox1-dependent reactive oxygen generation is regulated by Rac1.
Role of RacC for the regulation of WASP and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase during chemotaxis of Dictyostelium.
Rac1 negatively regulates lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-23 p19 expression in human macrophages and dendritic cells and NF-kappaB p65 trans activation plays a novel role.
The RAC binding domain/IRSp53-MIM homology domain of IRSp53 induces RAC-dependent membrane deformation.
Proteomic and bioinformatic characterization of the biogenesis and function of melanosomes.
Asef2 functions as a Cdc42 exchange factor and is stimulated by the release of an autoinhibitory module from a concealed C-terminal activation element.
Rac1-induced cell migration requires membrane recruitment of the nuclear oncogene SET.
EphA-Ephrin-A-mediated beta cell communication regulates insulin secretion from pancreatic islets.
Regulation of endothelial cell cytoskeletal reorganization by a secreted frizzled-related protein-1 and frizzled 4- and frizzled 7-dependent pathway: role in neovessel formation.
Crucial structural role for the PH and C1 domains of the Vav1 exchange factor.
Overlapping and distinct roles for PI3Kbeta and gamma isoforms in S1P-induced migration of human and mouse endothelial cells.
Actin pedestal formation by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli is regulated by IQGAP1, calcium, and calmodulin.
Spontaneous phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling dynamics drive spreading and random migration of fibroblasts.
Kank attenuates actin remodeling by preventing interaction between IRSp53 and Rac1.
PLC-gamma1 and Rac1 coregulate EGF-induced cytoskeleton remodeling and cell migration.
ISG15 modification of filamin B negatively regulates the type I interferon-induced JNK signalling pathway.
BPAG1e maintains keratinocyte polarity through beta4 integrin-mediated modulation of Rac1 and cofilin activities.
Adiponectin promotes migration activities of endothelial progenitor cells via Cdc42/Rac1.
Human neutrophils coordinate chemotaxis by differential activation of Rac1 and Rac2.
14-3-3zeta Cooperates with ErbB2 to promote ductal carcinoma in situ progression to invasive breast cancer by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
Role of Kenae/CCDC125 in cell motility through the deregulation of RhoGTPase.
Structure and function of the intracellular region of the plexin-b1 transmembrane receptor.
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase a functions as a scaffold for synaptic Rac signaling.
The Rho-family GEF Asef2 activates Rac to modulate adhesion and actin dynamics and thereby regulate cell migration.
Activated Rac1 GTPase translocates protein phosphatase 5 to the cell membrane and stimulates phosphatase activity in vitro.
The SWI/SNF protein BAF60b is ubiquitinated through a signalling process involving Rac GTPase and the RING finger protein Unkempt.
MHC class II-associated proteins in B-cell exosomes and potential functional implications for exosome biogenesis.
Type I PIPK-alpha regulates directed cell migration by modulating Rac1 plasma membrane targeting and activation.
Ephexin4 and EphA2 mediate cell migration through a RhoG-dependent mechanism.
POSH2 is a RING finger E3 ligase with Rac1 binding activity through a partial CRIB domain.
srGAP2 arginine methylation regulates cell migration and cell spreading through promoting dimerization.
Abba promotes PDGF-mediated membrane ruffling through activation of the small GTPase Rac1.
The roles of two distinct regions of PINCH-1 in the regulation of cell attachment and spreading.
A human MAP kinase interactome.
The Rho target PRK2 regulates apical junction formation in human bronchial epithelial cells.
EphB-mediated degradation of the RhoA GEF Ephexin5 relieves a developmental brake on excitatory synapse formation.
Structure and control of the actin regulatory WAVE complex.
Invasion of breast cancer cells into collagen matrix requires TGF-α and Cdc42 signaling.
Analysis of the myosin-II-responsive focal adhesion proteome reveals a role for β-Pix in negative regulation of focal adhesion maturation.
Rac1 protein rescues neurite retraction caused by G2019S leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2).
ARHGAP30 is a Wrch-1-interacting protein involved in actin dynamics and cell adhesion.
A directed protein interaction network for investigating intracellular signal transduction.
Toward an understanding of the protein interaction network of the human liver.
The E3 ubiquitin-ligase HACE1 catalyzes the ubiquitylation of active Rac1.
IAPs regulate the plasticity of cell migration by directly targeting Rac1 for degradation.
A palmitoylation switch mechanism regulates Rac1 function and membrane organization.
DOCK8 functions as an adaptor that links TLR-MyD88 signaling to B cell activation.
The tumour suppressor HACE1 controls cell migration by regulating Rac1 degradation.
WNT-3a modulates platelet function by regulating small GTPase activity.
Desmoglein 3 acting as an upstream regulator of Rho GTPases, Rac-1/Cdc42 in the regulation of actin organisation and dynamics.
Tetraspanin CD151 stimulates adhesion-dependent activation of Ras, Rac, and Cdc42 by facilitating molecular association between β1 integrins and small GTPases.
Tiam1 regulates the Wnt/Dvl/Rac1 signaling pathway and the differentiation of midbrain dopaminergic neurons.
S100A10 is required for the organization of actin stress fibers and promotion of cell spreading.
Cytoplasmic targeting of the proto-oncogene SET promotes cell spreading and migration.
The novel synaptogenic protein Farp1 links postsynaptic cytoskeletal dynamics and transsynaptic organization.
SCF E3 ligase F-box protein complex SCF(FBXL19) regulates cell migration by mediating Rac1 ubiquitination and degradation.
In-depth proteomic analyses of exosomes isolated from expressed prostatic secretions in urine.
CBAP functions as a novel component in chemokine-induced ZAP70-mediated T-cell adhesion and migration.
β-arrestin-dependent activation of the cofilin pathway is required for the scavenging activity of the atypical chemokine receptor D6.
IQGAP1 is a novel phosphatidylinositol 4,5 bisphosphate effector in regulation of directional cell migration.
The human minor histocompatibility antigen 1 is a RhoGAP.
A small GTPase‑like protein fragment of Mycoplasma promotes tumor cell migration and proliferation in vitro via interaction with Rac1 and Stat3.
Human tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-induced protein 8-like 2 suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis through inhibiting Rac1.
Rho-GTPase-activating protein interacting with Cdc-42-interacting protein 4 homolog 2 (Rich2): a new Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) GTPase-activating protein that controls dendritic spine morphogenesis.
Wnt signaling in midbrain dopaminergic neuron development and regenerative medicine for Parkinson's disease.
Role of the Rho GTPase Rac in the activation of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase: outsourcing a key task.
Caveolin-1 mediates Salmonella invasion via the regulation of SopE-dependent Rac1 activation and actin reorganization.
Nox1 activation by βPix and the role of Ser-340 phosphorylation.
Microtubule dynamics control HGF-induced lung endothelial barrier enhancement.
A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network.
Proteomic analyses reveal distinct chromatin-associated and soluble transcription factor complexes.
Cancer cell-autonomous TRAIL-R signaling promotes KRAS-driven cancer progression, invasion, and metastasis.
DNA-PKcs-Mediated Transcriptional Regulation Drives Prostate Cancer Progression and Metastasis.
rac, a novel ras-related family of proteins that are botulinum toxin substrates.
MicroRNA-92b represses invasion-metastasis cascade of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
CYBA encoding p22(phox), the cytochrome b558 alpha polypeptide: gene structure, expression, role and physiopathology.
An organelle-specific protein landscape identifies novel diseases and molecular mechanisms.
Association of dysfunctional synapse defective 1 (SYDE1) with restricted fetal growth - SYDE1 regulates placental cell migration and invasion.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Promotes Assembly of the p130Cas Interactome to Drive Endothelial Chemotactic Signaling and Angiogenesis.
RAC1 Missense Mutations in Developmental Disorders with Diverse Phenotypes.
N(ε)-Fatty acylation of Rho GTPases by a MARTX toxin effector.
RIT1 controls actin dynamics via complex formation with RAC1/CDC42 and PAK1.
LuTHy: a double-readout bioluminescence-based two-hybrid technology for quantitative mapping of protein-protein interactions in mammalian cells.
Fam49/CYRI interacts with Rac1 and locally suppresses protrusions.
CYRI/FAM49B negatively regulates RAC1-driven cytoskeletal remodelling and protects against bacterial infection.
Maximizing binary interactome mapping with a minimal number of assays.
Mapping the proximity interaction network of the Rho-family GTPases reveals signalling pathways and regulatory mechanisms.
Extensive rewiring of the EGFR network in colorectal cancer cells expressing transforming levels of KRAS(G13D).
A reference map of the human binary protein interactome.
Kinase Interaction Network Expands Functional and Disease Roles of Human Kinases.
Interactome Mapping Provides a Network of Neurodegenerative Disease Proteins and Uncovers Widespread Protein Aggregation in Affected Brains.
Dual proteome-scale networks reveal cell-specific remodeling of the human interactome.
OpenCell: Endogenous tagging for the cartography of human cellular organization.
Structure of human phagocyte NADPH oxidase in the activated state.
Incarvine C and its analogues inhibit the formation of cell cytoskeleton by targeting Rac1.
Multimodal cell maps as a foundation for structural and functional genomics.
Bridging Ral GTPase to Rho pathways. RLIP76, a Ral effector with CDC42/Rac GTPase-activating protein activity.
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein, a novel effector for the GTPase CDC42Hs, is implicated in actin polymerization.
Identification of a novel Rac1-interacting protein involved in membrane ruffling.
A role for POR1, a Rac1-interacting protein, in ARF6-mediated cytoskeletal rearrangements.
Role of Rac1 and oxygen radicals in collagenase-1 expression induced by cell shape change.
RAC1,RAC2,RHOG activate PI3K
Nef binds a ternary complex comprising DOCK2 guanine nucleotide exchange factor for small Rho-family GTPase Rac, its cofactor ELMO1, and Rac, and activates Rac through this interaction
Activation of RAC1 by VAV
Autophosphorylation of PAK1
RAC1 and CDC42 activate PAK1
RAC1:GTP and PIP3 bind WAVE Regulatory Complex (WRC)
(WASPs, WAVE):G-actin:ARP2/3 binds F-actin
Activation of RAC1 by CRKII:DOCK180:ELMO
p-ERK phosphorylates WAVEs and ABI
p75NTR indirectly activates RAC and Cdc42 via a guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor
PI3K phosphorylates PIP2 to PIP3
PI3K inhibitors block PI3K catalytic activity
Activation of RAC1 by VAV2/3
Activation of RAC1 by VAV
Autophosphorylation of PAK
Recruitment of PAK to the membrane by binding active RAC1
Activation of Rac1 by pVav1
Activation of PAKs by RAC1 and CDC42
KALRN exchanges GTP for GDP on RAC1, activating it
VAV exchanges GTP for GDP on RAC1, activating it
bPIX exchanges GTP for GDP on RAC, activating it
TIAM1 exchanges GTP for GDP on RAC1, activating it
Activation of PAK by Rac1
Autophosphorylation of PAK
Phosphorylation of LIMK-1 by PAK
Active Rac1 interacts with Plexin-B1:Sema4D
p-TIAM1 exchanges GTP for GDP on RAC1, activating it
VAV1 is a GEF for Rho/Rac family GTPases
VAV3 is a GEF for Rho/Rac family kinases
Activation of Rac1 by VAV2
Interaction of PAK1 with Rac1-GTP
NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) complex binds RAC1
DOCK180:ELMO exchanges GTP for GDP, activating RAC1
NADPH oxidase 2 generates superoxide from oxygen
VAV exchanges GTP for GDP on RAC1, activating it
PAK1-3 dimer disassociates
PAK1-3 autophosphorylates
Activated RHOA, RHOG, RAC1 and CDC42 bind KTN1 (kinectin)
GTP-bound RAC1 and CDC42 bind IQGAPs
IQGAPs bind F-actin, which is inhibited by calmodulin
Autophosphorylation of PAK1,2,3
SRGAP2 binds RAC1:GTP:FMNL1:profilin:G-actin
SRGAP2 stimulates RAC1 GTP-ase activity and ends FMNL1-mediated elongation of actin filaments
RAC1:GTP binds NOX1 complex
NOX1 complex:RAC1:GTP generates superoxide from oxygen
NOX3 complex:RAC1:GTP generates superoxide from oxygen
RAC1:GTP binds NOX3 complex
Activated CIT binds KIF14 and PRC1
IQGAP1 binds CLIP1 and microtubules
Exocytosis of secretory granule membrane proteins
Exocytosis of ficolin-rich granule membrane proteins
Activation of RAC1 by the PXN:CRK complex
p-VAV family:PIP3 binds RAC1:GDP
RAC1 and CDC42 activate PAK3
RAC1 and CDC42 activate PAK2
RAC1 GAPs stimulate RAC1 GTPase activity
RAC1 binds effectors at the plasma membrane
RAC1 GDIs block activation of RAC1
DOCK180 exchanges GTP for GDP on RAC1:GDP
p-VAV1,2,3 exchanges GTP for GDP on RAC1:GDP
GTP-bound RAC1 contributes to MAPK8 activation
ppDVL:RAC1:GTP binds NOX1 complex
NOX1 complex:pp-DVL:RAC1:GTP generates superoxide from oxygen
RAC1 translocates to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane
RAC1 binds effectors at the ER membrane
p-VAV1,2,3 exchange 6TGTP for GDP on RAC1
Cell-to-cell contact through homophilic cadherin interactions inhibits RAC1/CDC42 ubiquitination
SRC-phosphorylated RAC1,(CDC42) GEFs activate RAC1,(CDC42)
UniProtKB P63000 (RAC1_HUMAN) flat file