Manual transfer of experimentally-verified manual GO annotation data to orthologs by curator judgment of sequence similarity
Annotation inferences using phylogenetic trees
Gene Ontology annotation based on UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Subcellular Location vocabulary mapping, accompanied by conservative changes to GO terms applied by UniProt
Deep research summary for human ARPP19 (falcon)
The substrate of Greatwall kinase, Arpp19, controls mitosis by inhibiting protein phosphatase 2A.
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Arpp19 and alpha-endosulfine are Greatwall substrates that, once phosphorylated, bind and inhibit PP2A to promote mitotic entry; endogenous Arpp19 is the relevant inhibitor in Xenopus egg extracts.
"We identified cyclic adenosine monophosphate-regulated phosphoprotein 19 (Arpp19) and α-Endosulfine as two substrates of Gwl that, when phosphorylated by this kinase, associate with and inhibit PP2A, thus promoting mitotic entry."
ARPP-16 Is a Striatal-Enriched Inhibitor of Protein Phosphatase 2A Regulated by Microtubule-Associated Serine/Threonine Kinase 3 (Mast 3 Kinase).
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The ARPP-16 splice isoform binds the PP2A A subunit and, when phosphorylated on Ser46 by MAST3, selectively inhibits B55alpha- and B56delta-containing PP2A; PKA phosphorylation of Ser88 is accompanied by Ser46 dephosphorylation.
"Activation of PKA in striatal slices leads to phosphorylation of Ser88, and this is accompanied by marked dephosphorylation of Ser46."
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The authors conclude that the function of the ARPP-16/19/ENSA family is limited to control of PP2A activity and note the lack of evidence for extracellular ENSA.
"suggest that the function of the ARPP-16/19/ENSA family of proteins is limited to control of PP2A activity."
A reference map of the human binary protein interactome.
Interactome Mapping Provides a Network of Neurodegenerative Disease Proteins and Uncovers Widespread Protein Aggregation in Affected Brains.
Cryo-EM structures of PP2A:B55-FAM122A and PP2A:B55-ARPP19.
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Human ARPP19 must be phosphorylated by MASTL on Ser62 to inhibit PP2A:B55; the phosphorylated protein binds B55 and PP2Ac through a tripartite interface and later becomes a PP2A:B55 substrate, timing mitotic exit.
"pS62-ARPP19 functions first as an inhibitor of PP2A:B55 but later becomes a substrate"
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Thiophosphorylated ARPP19 carries phosphates on Ser62 (MASTL site) and Ser104 (PKA site).
"The 2D 1H,15N HSQC spectrum of thiophosphorylated ARPP19 identified two phosphorylated residues, Ser62, the established MASTL phosphorylation substrate, and Ser104, a serine that was previously identified as a protein kinase A (PKA) substrate"
Human alpha-endosulfine, a possible regulator of sulfonylurea-sensitive KATP channel: molecular cloning, expression and biological properties.
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All functional experiments (glibenclamide displacement, KATP current inhibition, insulin secretion) used recombinant human alpha-endosulfine (ENSA); ARPP-19 was only cloned in part for sequence comparison and is described as the product of a different gene.
"We therefore cloned part of the human ARPP-19 cDNA (EMBL accession no. AJ223091 ), and compared its sequence to that of human α-endosulfine (Fig. 1 A )."
MASTL (GWL) phosphorylates ARPP19
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Reactome models MASTL phosphorylation of ARPP19 Ser62 (equivalent to Xenopus Ser67) as a nucleoplasmic reaction.
"MASTL (GWL i.e. Greatwall kinase) phosphorylates ARPP19 on serine residue S62 (Gharbi-Ayachi et al. 2010)."