Gene Research for GO Annotation Review Falcon citations file

Gene Research for GO Annotation Review

Target

UniProt Context

=== UNIPROT METADATA ===
UniProt ID: Q9LKL2
Entry Name: APRR1_ARATH
Gene Name: APRR1
Protein Name: Two-component response regulator-like APRR1
Organism: Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress)
NCBI Taxonomy ID: 3702
Function: Controls photoperiodic flowering response. Component of the circadian clock. Expression of several members of the ARR-like family is controlled by circadian rhythm. The particular coordinated sequential expression of APRR9, APRR7, APRR5, APRR3 and APPR1 result to circadian waves that may be at the basis of the endogenous circadian clock. Positive regulator of CCA1 and LHY expression.
Subcellular Location: Nucleus
Subunit: Interacts with PIF1, PIL2, PIF3, PIF4, PIL5, PIL6, ABI3 (via C-terminus), ADO1/ZTL, ADO2, APRR3 and TCP21/CHE. Both the phosphorylated and the dephosphorylated forms interact with ADO1/ZLT.
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Research Objective

Prepare a comprehensive literature-backed research report for GO annotation review of the target gene.

Focus on:

  1. The core biochemical activity of the gene product and any substrate specificity.
  2. The activation or maturation mechanism of the protein, including proteolytic processing if relevant.
  3. The best-supported subcellular localization and complexes where the active protein functions.
  4. The strongest experimentally supported biological processes in the target organism, or in very close orthologs when transfer is justified.
  5. Which annotations appear to reflect core function versus context-specific, pleiotropic, or over-extended roles.
  6. Any evidence bearing on apoptosis, developmental cell death, neuronal roles, inflammatory signaling, pyroptosis, synaptic remodeling, protein processing, and localization to cytoplasm, cytosol, nucleus, or signaling complexes.

Output Requirements

Structure the report as:

  1. Executive summary
  2. Molecular function
  3. Biological process roles
  4. Cellular localization and complexes
  5. Annotation-risk assessment
  6. Key literature

Use citations for all substantive claims.

Gene Research Report for GO Annotation Review: TOC1 / APRR1 (PRR1) in Arabidopsis thaliana

Target: TOC1 (aka PRR1/APRR1; UniProt Q9LKL2; entry APRR1_ARATH)
Protein: Two-component response regulator-like APRR1 (pseudo-response regulator)
Scope: Evidence-weighted GO annotation support for Molecular Function, Biological Process, Cellular Component, plus annotation risk assessment. Emphasis is placed on primary experimental evidence and recent (2024) mechanistic updates.

1. Executive summary

TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1 (TOC1; PRR1/APRR1) is best supported as a nuclear DNA-binding transcription factor that functions predominantly as a transcriptional repressor within the Arabidopsis circadian oscillator. Strong genome-wide and locus-specific occupancy data show TOC1 associates with promoters of multiple oscillator genes (including CCA1 and LHY) and represses their expression, consistent with TOC1 acting as a central negative element in the transcriptional–translational feedback loops of the clock. (huang2012mappingthecore pages 1-4, gendron2012arabidopsiscircadianclock pages 5-5, gendron2012arabidopsiscircadianclock pages 4-5)

A key recent advance (2024) is direct demonstration that temperature compensation of the circadian period depends on quantitative control of TOC1 (and PRR5) protein abundance, with low temperature promoting ubiquitination and proteasome-dependent degradation, and with TOC1/PRR5 associating with the F-box protein LKP2 under cold conditions. (maeda2024coldinduceddegradationof pages 2-3, maeda2024coldinduceddegradationof pages 3-4, maeda2024coldinduceddegradationof media 4b009de7)

TOC1 also has strong experimental support for context-specific roles that connect the clock to stress physiology: TOC1 binds the promoter of the ABA-related gene ABAR/CHLH/GUN5 in vivo in a rhythmic manner and represses ABAR expression; ABA induces TOC1 in a gated (time-of-day dependent) fashion, and TOC1/ABAR misregulation alters drought-related phenotypes. (legnaioli2009toc1functionsas pages 7-8, legnaioli2009toc1functionsas pages 1-2)

The strongest cellular component evidence places TOC1 in the nucleus, with regulation of its nuclear import and subnuclear localization by PRR5 and regulation of TOC1 stability by ubiquitin–proteasome pathways (classically via ZTL; and in 2024 work, implicating LKP2 under cold). (wang2010prr5regulatesphosphorylation pages 1-2, maeda2024coldinduceddegradationof pages 3-4)

No credible evidence in the retrieved primary literature supports annotations to apoptosis, neuronal/synaptic processes, inflammatory signaling, or pyroptosis, and TOC1 proteolysis should be curated as regulated degradation, not proteolytic activation/maturation. (uceda2018characterizationofthe pages 26-29, wang2010prr5regulatesphosphorylation pages 1-2)

2. Molecular function

2.1 Key concepts/definitions (current understanding)

Pseudo-response regulator (PRR) proteins are plant clock components that resemble two-component response regulators but are generally treated as transcriptional regulators rather than enzymatic phosphorelay proteins. TOC1/PRR1 includes a CCT domain required for DNA binding and transcriptional regulatory activity. (gendron2012arabidopsiscircadianclock pages 5-5)

2.2 Core biochemical activity and substrate/target specificity

DNA-binding transcription factor activity (CCT-dependent): TOC1 is experimentally supported as a DNA-binding transcription factor, with DNA binding and regulatory activity dependent on the CCT domain, and with promoter motif enrichment pointing to TOC1-associated cis-elements in regulated genes. (gendron2012arabidopsiscircadianclock pages 5-5, gendron2012arabidopsiscircadianclock pages 4-5)

Predominant transcriptional repression: Multiple lines of evidence converge that TOC1 functions largely as a general transcriptional repressor in the oscillator. Genome-wide ChIP-seq identified hundreds of TOC1-bound promoter regions enriched for G-box/EE-like motifs; constitutive TOC1 overexpression increases promoter occupancy and reduces expression of morning genes (e.g., CCA1/LHY) and other oscillator genes, consistent with direct repression. (huang2012mappingthecore pages 1-4)

Direct targets (high-confidence):

2.3 Activation/maturation mechanism and protein processing

No evidence in this evidence set supports proteolytic processing that activates TOC1 (e.g., cleavage to a mature fragment). Instead, proteolysis pertains to regulated turnover via ubiquitination and the 26S proteasome. (maeda2024coldinduceddegradationof pages 3-4, maeda2024coldinduceddegradationof media 4b009de7)

2.4 Post-translational regulation relevant to GO

Temperature-dependent ubiquitin–proteasome turnover (2024): In Arabidopsis, TOC1-F protein abundance decreases strongly at 12°C vs 22°C (≈75% reduction), with MG132 causing strong stabilization at 12°C (~25-fold increase), and ubiquitination of TOC1 increasing at low temperature (≈5.5× at 12°C vs 28°C). (maeda2024coldinduceddegradationof pages 3-4, maeda2024coldinduceddegradationof media 4b009de7)

Phosphorylation-linked regulation and nuclear import: TOC1 interacts with PRR5; PRR5 promotes TOC1 N-terminal phosphorylation, increases TOC1 nuclear accumulation (≈2-fold), and recruits TOC1 to large subnuclear foci. (wang2010prr5regulatesphosphorylation pages 1-2)

3. Biological process roles

3.1 Core biological process (highest confidence)

Circadian rhythm / circadian clock function: TOC1 is a central oscillator component. Genome-wide rhythmic promoter occupancy and repression of multiple oscillator genes supports a core role in maintaining circadian transcriptional dynamics. (huang2012mappingthecore pages 1-4, gendron2012arabidopsiscircadianclock pages 4-5)

3.2 Recent developments (2023–2024 priority)

Temperature compensation mechanism (2024): Quantitative control of TOC1 and PRR5 abundance is crucial for temperature compensation; low temperature reduces TOC1/PRR5 protein abundance via ubiquitin–proteasome degradation. IP-MS evidence shows enrichment of LKP2 peptides with TOC1/PRR5 at 12°C, implicating the ZTL-family F-box protein LKP2 in temperature-responsive control of TOC1/PRR5 abundance. (maeda2024coldinduceddegradationof pages 3-4, maeda2024coldinduceddegradationof media 4b009de7)

3.3 Context-specific outputs (supported but not core biochemical function)

ABA signaling and drought response gating: TOC1 binds ABAR promoter rhythmically and represses ABAR expression. ABA induces TOC1 in a time-of-day dependent manner; this induction requires ABAR (lost in ABAR RNAi lines). ABA can also shift the phase of TOC1 binding to ABAR and acutely repress ABAR transcripts around midday. These data support TOC1 as a clock-linked regulator of ABA/drought responses, but this should be curated as a regulatory output rather than the core molecular function. (legnaioli2009toc1functionsas pages 7-8)

Flowering time / photoperiodic flowering: UniProt and reviews commonly associate TOC1 with photoperiodic flowering outputs, but within the retrieved primary-evidence excerpts here, the flowering connection is not as directly evidenced as clock and temperature compensation. Thus, flowering-related GO terms should be supported by specific primary Arabidopsis flowering-time studies in the curation record rather than inferred solely from clock membership. (margay2024plantcircadianclocks pages 7-8, margay2024plantcircadianclocks pages 4-5)

3.4 Real-world applications/implementations

Recent circadian literature emphasizes exploitation of oscillator components (including TOC1) to tune crop robustness and yield-related traits through circadian and environmental integration. While much of this is conceptual/review-level, the 2024 temperature-compensation mechanism provides a concrete entry point for engineering clock robustness across temperatures by modulating TOC1/PRR stability pathways. (maeda2024coldinduceddegradationof pages 2-3, maeda2024coldinduceddegradationof pages 3-4)

4. Cellular localization and complexes

4.1 Subcellular localization

Nuclear localization (best supported): TOC1 is nuclear localized, consistent with promoter binding and transcriptional repression functions. PRR5 increases TOC1 nuclear accumulation and alters subnuclear localization to large foci. (wang2010prr5regulatesphosphorylation pages 1-2)

4.2 Complexes and interaction partners (evidence-weighted)

PRR5–TOC1 complex: Physical interaction between TOC1 and PRR5 is supported, with PRR5 regulating TOC1 phosphorylation and nuclear import/localization. (wang2010prr5regulatesphosphorylation pages 1-2)

Ubiquitin–proteasome stability control (ZTL-family E3 context): TOC1 turnover is strongly linked to ubiquitin–proteasome mechanisms. Recent primary evidence shows temperature-dependent ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, with LKP2 association under cold. (maeda2024coldinduceddegradationof pages 3-4, maeda2024coldinduceddegradationof media 4b009de7)

CHE/TCP21 and PIF-family interactions: The retrieved evidence set contains secondary/summary statements that TOC1 can act with other TFs at target promoters (including CHE/TCP21 and PIF/PIL family members), but the strongest directly extractable evidence for these interactions is not fully contained in the extracted snippets in this run. Therefore, these interaction-based GO annotations should be curated only when supported by direct primary interaction/ChIP evidence in the curation record. (gendron2012arabidopsiscircadianclock pages 5-5, magill2024theroleof pages 24-29)

5. Annotation-risk assessment (for GO review)

5.1 Core vs over-extended annotations

Core, strongly supported annotations

Likely valid but context-specific (curate with care)

5.2 Misannotation domains explicitly requested

No evidence supports annotations to apoptosis, developmental neuronal roles, inflammatory signaling, pyroptosis, or synaptic remodeling for Arabidopsis TOC1; such terms are likely cross-kingdom contamination and should be removed/blocked unless plant-specific mechanistic evidence exists. (huang2012mappingthecore pages 1-4, wang2010prr5regulatesphosphorylation pages 1-2)

5.3 Protein processing and localization risks

6. Key literature (prioritize recent; include URLs and publication dates)

2024–recent primary mechanistic evidence

Foundational primary evidence for molecular function and targets

Stress/ABA-output connection

Localization/import regulation

Evidence summary table

Category (MF/BP/CC) Assertion Evidence type Key citation(s) with year and DOI URL Notes for GO curation (core vs context-specific)
MF TOC1/APRR1 is a DNA-binding transcription factor; DNA binding depends on the CCT domain and supports binding to TOC1-associated cis-elements in target promoters. DNA-binding assays, promoter occupancy, mutational analysis, inducible transcription assays Gendron et al., 2012, PNAS, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1200355109 (gendron2012arabidopsiscircadianclock pages 5-5, gendron2012arabidopsiscircadianclock pages 4-5) Strong support for transcription regulator activity; suitable for DNA-binding transcription factor/repressor-related annotation, but avoid overly specific sequence-specificity terms unless motif/biochemical specificity is curated carefully.
MF TOC1 functions predominantly as a transcriptional repressor of circadian oscillator genes, including morning-phased genes such as CCA1 and LHY. Inducible expression, reporter assays, genome-wide target analysis, ChIP-seq/ChIP-qPCR, overexpression genetics Huang et al., 2012, Science, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1219075; Gendron et al., 2012, PNAS, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1200355109 (huang2012mappingthecore pages 1-4, gendron2012arabidopsiscircadianclock pages 5-5, gendron2012arabidopsiscircadianclock pages 4-5) Core molecular role. Earlier literature proposed more complex positive/negative effects, but current consensus supports repressor activity as the safest core GO interpretation.
MF TOC1 directly associates with CCA1/LHY promoter regions and represses their expression within the clock network. ChIP-seq, ChIP-qPCR, expression analysis in TOC1 overexpressors Huang et al., 2012, Science, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1219075; supporting summary evidence (magill2024theroleof pages 24-29, davies2013transcriptionfactorinteractions pages 21-25, huang2012mappingthecore pages 1-4) Direct clock-target regulation is a core annotation candidate. Prefer “regulation of circadian rhythm”/“negative regulation of transcription of clock genes” over broad developmental extrapolations.
MF/BP TOC1 binds the promoter of the ABA-related gene ABAR/CHLH/GUN5 and represses its circadian expression, linking clock state to ABA signaling. ChIP, time-course expression, TOC1:LUC reporter, ABA treatment, RNAi genetics Legnaioli et al., 2009, EMBO J, https://doi.org/10.1038/emboj.2009.297 (legnaioli2009toc1functionsas pages 7-8, legnaioli2009toc1functionsas pages 1-2); also supported in clock network target maps (huang2012mappingthecore pages 1-4) Well supported but more context-specific than core oscillator function. Best curated as clock-linked ABA/drought response regulation, not as a primary biochemical function of TOC1.
MF/CC PRR5 physically interacts with TOC1, promotes TOC1 phosphorylation, increases TOC1 nuclear accumulation, and recruits TOC1 into large subnuclear foci. Protein–protein interaction assays, fluorescent localization, phospho-state analysis, mutant allele analysis Wang et al., 2010, EMBO J, https://doi.org/10.1038/emboj.2010.76 (wang2010prr5regulatesphosphorylation pages 1-2) Strong evidence for physical interaction and nuclear/subnuclear localization. Do not annotate TOC1 itself with kinase activity; phosphorylation is regulatory, not catalytic evidence for TOC1.
CC TOC1 is predominantly nuclear; PRR proteins including TOC1 show nuclear localization in vivo. Fluorescent protein localization, transient/in vivo localization, biochemical analysis Wang et al., 2010, EMBO J, https://doi.org/10.1038/emboj.2010.76; Fujiwara et al., 2008, JBC, https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m803471200 (wang2010prr5regulatesphosphorylation pages 1-2, uceda2018characterizationofthe pages 26-29) Nuclear localization is strongly supported and appropriate as a core cellular component annotation.
CC TOC1 can localize to subnuclear foci when associated with PRR5. Fluorescent localization microscopy with interaction context Wang et al., 2010, EMBO J, https://doi.org/10.1038/emboj.2010.76 (wang2010prr5regulatesphosphorylation pages 1-2) Subnuclear foci are experimentally observed but may be context-dependent; annotate cautiously unless GO has an exact matching, well-supported component term.
BP TOC1 is a core component of the Arabidopsis circadian oscillator and directly represses multiple morning and evening loop genes. Mutant phenotypes, overexpression, rhythmic ChIP-seq, circadian transcript analysis Huang et al., 2012, Science, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1219075; Gendron et al., 2012, PNAS, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1200355109 (huang2012mappingthecore pages 1-4, gendron2012arabidopsiscircadianclock pages 5-5, gendron2012arabidopsiscircadianclock pages 4-5) Highest-confidence biological-process annotation: circadian rhythm / circadian clock. This is the central GO-relevant role.
BP TOC1 contributes to photoperiod-responsive growth and thermoresponsive growth gating through interactions with PIF3/PIF4 and repression/inactivation of PIF activity. Protein interaction, promoter co-occupancy, genetics, thermoresponsive hypocotyl assays Soy et al., 2016, PNAS, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1603745113; Zhu et al., 2016, Nat Commun, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms13692 (tingting2023cloningandfunctional pages 7-7) Supported and relevant, but this is downstream/output biology rather than the most central GO core. Use carefully to avoid over-generalizing all light/temperature phenotypes to TOC1 primary function.
MF/BP TOC1 interacts with CHE/TCP21 at the CCA1 promoter, supporting repression of CCA1. Protein interaction and promoter-binding context from prior primary studies summarized in evidence set Evidence summarized from clock-network literature (magill2024theroleof pages 24-29, uceda2018characterizationofthe pages 26-29, gendron2012arabidopsiscircadianclock pages 5-5) Likely valid and useful for annotation extension/interaction notes, but the strongest directly extractable evidence here is indirect summary rather than a fresh primary excerpt; curate conservatively.
MF/BP TOC1 protein stability is controlled by ubiquitin–proteasome degradation via the F-box protein ZTL; phosphorylation enhances ZTL interaction, and PRR3 can protect TOC1 from degradation. Protein interaction, degradation assays, phospho-state analysis, proteasome inhibition Fujiwara et al., 2008, JBC, https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m803471200 (uceda2018characterizationofthe pages 26-29); summarized support (boix202440sribosomalprotein pages 12-13, wang2010prr5regulatesphosphorylation pages 1-2) Strong evidence for post-translational regulation of TOC1 abundance. This supports regulation/stability annotations, not ubiquitin ligase activity for TOC1 itself.
MF/BP Low temperature enhances ubiquitination and proteasomal turnover of TOC1; LKP2 physically associates with TOC1 under cold conditions and contributes to temperature compensation. MG132 assays, ubiquitination assays, IP-MS, genetics, protein abundance profiling Maeda et al., 2024, Sci Adv, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adq0187 (maeda2024coldinduceddegradationof pages 2-3, maeda2024coldinduceddegradationof pages 3-4) Strong recent evidence. Best used for “temperature compensation of circadian rhythm”/clock protein stability context, rather than broad “cold response” annotation unless direct phenotype criteria are met.
BP TOC1 participates in ABA-mediated drought response pathways; altered TOC1 or ABAR expression causes drought-response phenotypes and time-of-day-dependent ABA gating. ABA treatment, reporter assays, RNAi/overexpression genetics, time-course transcription Legnaioli et al., 2009, EMBO J, https://doi.org/10.1038/emboj.2009.297 (legnaioli2009toc1functionsas pages 7-8, legnaioli2009toc1functionsas pages 1-2) Well supported but context-specific output of clock function. Suitable for stress-response regulation annotations with evidence qualifiers; avoid inflating to universal stress master-regulator status.
BP TOC1 has roles in temperature compensation of circadian period through regulated abundance together with PRR5. Circadian period genetics, temperature series, protein turnover assays Maeda et al., 2024, Sci Adv, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adq0187 (maeda2024coldinduceddegradationof pages 2-3, maeda2024coldinduceddegradationof pages 3-4) Strong recent process evidence and likely one of the best 2024-supported refinements for GO process review.
BP TOC1 is linked to photoperiodic flowering responses, but evidence in the present set is more indirect/general than for its core clock function. Genetic/physiological literature summarized in reviews and network studies Evidence context summarized in recent reviews (margay2024plantcircadianclocks pages 7-8, margay2024plantcircadianclocks pages 4-5) and UniProt background Flowering-time annotations are plausible but should be treated as downstream/pleiotropic unless backed by direct Arabidopsis primary evidence in the curation record.
CC/MF No evidence in this evidence set supports localization of active TOC1 to plasma membrane signaling complexes, cytosolic signaling complexes, mitochondria, chloroplasts, or extracellular compartments. Negative assessment from available experimental evidence Based on the experimental set centered on nuclear transcriptional and stability functions (uceda2018characterizationofthe pages 26-29, wang2010prr5regulatesphosphorylation pages 1-2, huang2012mappingthecore pages 1-4) Important for annotation-risk control: nucleus is strongly supported; broader cytoplasmic/signaling-complex terms appear overextended unless tied to transient trafficking evidence.

Table: This table summarizes GO-relevant experimental assertions for Arabidopsis TOC1/APRR1, emphasizing core versus context-specific functions, localization, regulation, and interaction evidence. It is useful for deciding which annotations are strongly supported and which should be curated more cautiously.

References

  1. (huang2012mappingthecore pages 1-4): W. Huang, P. Pérez-García, A. Pokhilko, A. J. Millar, I. Antoshechkin, J. L. Riechmann, and P. Mas. Mapping the core of the arabidopsis circadian clock defines the network structure of the oscillator. Science, 336:75-79, Apr 2012. URL: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1219075, doi:10.1126/science.1219075. This article has 609 citations and is from a highest quality peer-reviewed journal.

  2. (gendron2012arabidopsiscircadianclock pages 5-5): Joshua M. Gendron, José L. Pruneda-Paz, Colleen J. Doherty, Andrew M. Gross, S. Earl Kang, and Steve A. Kay. Arabidopsis circadian clock protein, toc1, is a dna-binding transcription factor. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109:3167-3172, Feb 2012. URL: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1200355109, doi:10.1073/pnas.1200355109. This article has 663 citations and is from a highest quality peer-reviewed journal.

  3. (gendron2012arabidopsiscircadianclock pages 4-5): Joshua M. Gendron, José L. Pruneda-Paz, Colleen J. Doherty, Andrew M. Gross, S. Earl Kang, and Steve A. Kay. Arabidopsis circadian clock protein, toc1, is a dna-binding transcription factor. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109:3167-3172, Feb 2012. URL: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1200355109, doi:10.1073/pnas.1200355109. This article has 663 citations and is from a highest quality peer-reviewed journal.

  4. (maeda2024coldinduceddegradationof pages 2-3): Akari E. Maeda, Hiromi Matsuo, Tomoaki Muranaka, and Norihito Nakamichi. Cold-induced degradation of core clock proteins implements temperature compensation in the arabidopsis circadian clock. Science Advances, Sep 2024. URL: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adq0187, doi:10.1126/sciadv.adq0187. This article has 15 citations and is from a highest quality peer-reviewed journal.

  5. (maeda2024coldinduceddegradationof pages 3-4): Akari E. Maeda, Hiromi Matsuo, Tomoaki Muranaka, and Norihito Nakamichi. Cold-induced degradation of core clock proteins implements temperature compensation in the arabidopsis circadian clock. Science Advances, Sep 2024. URL: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adq0187, doi:10.1126/sciadv.adq0187. This article has 15 citations and is from a highest quality peer-reviewed journal.

  6. (maeda2024coldinduceddegradationof media 4b009de7): Akari E. Maeda, Hiromi Matsuo, Tomoaki Muranaka, and Norihito Nakamichi. Cold-induced degradation of core clock proteins implements temperature compensation in the arabidopsis circadian clock. Science Advances, Sep 2024. URL: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adq0187, doi:10.1126/sciadv.adq0187. This article has 15 citations and is from a highest quality peer-reviewed journal.

  7. (legnaioli2009toc1functionsas pages 7-8): Tommaso Legnaioli, Juan Cuevas, and Paloma Mas. Toc1 functions as a molecular switch connecting the circadian clock with plant responses to drought. The EMBO Journal, 28:3745-3757, Dec 2009. URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/emboj.2009.297, doi:10.1038/emboj.2009.297. This article has 421 citations.

  8. (legnaioli2009toc1functionsas pages 1-2): Tommaso Legnaioli, Juan Cuevas, and Paloma Mas. Toc1 functions as a molecular switch connecting the circadian clock with plant responses to drought. The EMBO Journal, 28:3745-3757, Dec 2009. URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/emboj.2009.297, doi:10.1038/emboj.2009.297. This article has 421 citations.

  9. (wang2010prr5regulatesphosphorylation pages 1-2): Lei Wang, Sumire Fujiwara, and David E Somers. Prr5 regulates phosphorylation, nuclear import and subnuclear localization of toc1 in the arabidopsis circadian clock. The EMBO Journal, 29:1903-1915, Jun 2010. URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/emboj.2010.76, doi:10.1038/emboj.2010.76. This article has 183 citations.

  10. (uceda2018characterizationofthe pages 26-29): JA Fung Uceda. Characterization of the circadian clock function in the control of cell cycle progression to modulate growth in arabidopsis thaliana. Unknown journal, 2018.

  11. (margay2024plantcircadianclocks pages 7-8): Adil Rahim Margay, Suhail Ashraf, Nusrat Fatimah, Saliah Gul Jabeen, Mansoor Showkat, Krishna Nayana R U, Sampatirao Dilip, Sudhakar Reddy Basu, and K. A. Aswathy. Plant circadian clocks: unravelling the molecular rhythms of nature. International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, 36:596-617, Aug 2024. URL: https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i84890, doi:10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i84890. This article has 4 citations.

  12. (margay2024plantcircadianclocks pages 4-5): Adil Rahim Margay, Suhail Ashraf, Nusrat Fatimah, Saliah Gul Jabeen, Mansoor Showkat, Krishna Nayana R U, Sampatirao Dilip, Sudhakar Reddy Basu, and K. A. Aswathy. Plant circadian clocks: unravelling the molecular rhythms of nature. International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, 36:596-617, Aug 2024. URL: https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i84890, doi:10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i84890. This article has 4 citations.

  13. (magill2024theroleof pages 24-29): The role of TOR in regulation of Arabidopsis circadian oscillators This article has 0 citations.

  14. (davies2013transcriptionfactorinteractions pages 21-25): SEW Davies. Transcription factor interactions at the promoter of the arabidopsis circadian clock gene lhy. Unknown journal, 2013.

  15. (tingting2023cloningandfunctional pages 7-7): D Tingting, Y Mingkang, and H Ke. Cloning and functional verification of circadian clock gene mttoc1a in medicago truncatula. Unknown journal, 2023. URL: https://doi.org/10.7671/j.issn.1001-411x.202211001, doi:10.7671/j.issn.1001-411x.202211001.

  16. (boix202440sribosomalprotein pages 12-13): Marc Boix, Alba Garcia-Rodriguez, Laia Castillo, Bernat Miró, Ferga Hamilton, Sanata Tolak, Adrián Pérez, Carolina Monte-Bello, Camila Caldana, and Rossana Henriques. 40s ribosomal protein s6 kinase integrates daylength perception and growth regulation in arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Physiology, 195:3039-3052, May 2024. URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiae254, doi:10.1093/plphys/kiae254. This article has 8 citations and is from a highest quality peer-reviewed journal.