Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms
Use of the ND evidence code for Gene Ontology (GO) terms
Sequences and domain structures of mammalian, avian, amphibian and teleost tropoelastins: Clues to the evolutionary history of elastins.
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Zebrafish expresses two tropoelastin genes with the shared tropoelastin domain arrangement.
"Unlike other species, two tropoelastin genes were expressed in zebrafish."
Differential expression of two tropoelastin genes in zebrafish.
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eln2 (elnb) is the predominant elastin of the bulbus arteriosus and is upregulated more strongly than eln1.
"While the temporal pattern of expression was similar for both genes, the upregulation of eln2 was much stronger than that of eln1."
Comparative genomics of elastin: Sequence analysis of a highly repetitive protein.
Evolution of the fish heart by sub/neofunctionalization of an elastin gene.
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elnb expression is restricted to the bulbus arteriosus in zebrafish, medaka and stickleback, while elna is broadly expressed.
"We found that elnb expression patterns were restricted to the BA, while elna was observed in various tissues in both medaka"
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elnb morphants and F0 mutants form ectopic cardiomyocytes in the bulbus arteriosus; elna and Polypterus eln mRNA do not rescue.
"These results indicate that the function of elnb is distinct from those of elna and ancestral eln; neofunctionalization likely occurred between these two paralogues."
Zebrafish as a Model to Study Vascular Elastic Fibers and Associated Pathologies.
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Elnb is far more divergent from human ELN than Elna is.
"They share approximately 37% identity and 41% similarity, whereas for Elnb, around 18% identity and 21% similarity were calculated."
Zebrafish arterial valve development occurs through direct differentiation of second heart field progenitors.
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elnb is the earliest exclusive marker of the bulbus arteriosus smooth muscle.
"We have identified that elnb is the earliest, exclusive marker of the bulbus arteriosus"
Duplication, Divergence and Cardiac Expression of Tropoelastin in Jawed Fishes, Including Tetraploid Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
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Teleost ElnB has lower hydrophobicity than other fish and tetrapod elastins, and trout elnb is enriched in the bulbus.
"the bulbar expression of elnb was 15 times higher than the ventricular levels in juvenile fish"
Extracellular stiffness regulates cell fate determination and drives the emergence of evolutionary novelty in the teleost heart.
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A germline elnb nonsense mutant has a hypoplastic bulbus with ectopic cardiomyocytes and fails to develop the bulbus's low stiffness; stiffening alone phenocopies loss of elnb.
"Finally, we artificially increased the stiffness of the BA extracellular environment by applying local mechanical pressure using a glass capillary, and this manipulation led to the formation of ectopic cardiomyocytes in the BA, phenocopying the elnb KD or KO condition."
Deep research report for elnb (Falcon)