Reviewed together with dl (P15330) for the INNATE_IMMUNITY project (batch 1, Toll/TLR axis). Actions were kept consistent with dl.
Biology (with provenance)
- Immune Rel factor, not a D/V patterning factor PMID:8242747
- Nuclear accumulation upon infection PMID:8242747
- Sequence-specific trans-activator PMID:7621828
- Downstream of Toll PMID:10197979
- Antifungal and Gram-positive defence; the only one required in adults PMID:10843389 PMID:10843389
- Mediator dTRAP80 (MED17, FBgn0038578) is required for Dif activation PMID:12556495
- Dif-Relish heterodimer PMID:20679214
- Caveat: in larvae, Wu & Anderson found that Toll is not required for Dif import PMID:9510254. Later adult genetics (PMID:10843389, PMID:10197979) place Dif downstream of Toll. This is recorded as a suggested question.
Key curation decisions
- Salivary gland histolysis (GO:0035070, IMP PMID:11973616): REMOVE. The paper's own abstract contradicts it: PMID:11973616 This is a contradicted function, not an unverifiable one. It may have been meant as a NOT annotation.
- Toll signaling pathway: all rows ACCEPTed. There is no TLR (GO:0002224) term, which is correct.
- Canonical NF-kB (GO:0007249) is non-core and non-canonical NF-kB (GO:0038061) IBA is removed, the same as for dl. See the dl notes; ird5/IKKbeta is dispensable for drosomycin induction PMID:11156609
- Protein binding:
- The Dorsal and Relish rows become MODIFY to protein heterodimerization activity (GO:0046982).
- The dTRAP80 row becomes MODIFY to mediator complex binding (GO:0036033).
- The Cactus row is REMOVEd as uninformative.
- Core terms are all ACCEPTed: Gram-positive and fungal defence, positive regulation of antifungal/antimicrobial peptide production, innate immune response, and transcription activator activity.
- Positive regulation of gene expression (NO/CCO under starvation, PMID:19221590), hemocyte proliferation, PNS development, immune response and response to cytokine are kept as non-core.
- No NEW annotations. Dif carries no D/V patterning terms, which is correct.
Deep research
Falcon deep research (Dif-deep-research-falcon.md) finished after the first draft. It was read and is consistent with the review (no conflicting claims), and it is cited as supporting evidence in core_functions. The review rests mainly on the UniProt record and the cached publications.