Hand (Drosophila melanogaster, Q9VL05) - curation notes

Automated deep research failed for this run (falcon 402, OpenAI 401); notes below are from cached
publications fetched with just fetch-pmid.

Identity and expression

• Single fly member of the Hand bHLH family (HAND1/HAND2 ortholog); PANTHER PTHR23349 (Twist family).
• Expressed in all cardioblasts and pericardial cells, circular visceral muscle progenitors, lymph gland,
  garland cells and a few CNS cells PMID:12424518.

Upstream regulation

• Direct target of Tinman/Pannier in heart and Serpent in lymph gland PMID:15975941.
• Direct target of Biniou in visceral mesoderm; dispensable for initial visceral mesoderm differentiation PMID:17511863.

Molecular function

• Transcriptional activator PMID:16467358.
• Targets include muscle genes PMID:26252215.
• Candidate dimer partners PMID:23747982.
• No direct DNA-binding assay for fly Hand found in cached literature.

Phenotypes - conflicting embryonic heart data

• Han et al. 2006: PMID:16467358.
• Lo et al. 2007: PMID:17904115; main requirement is pupal PMID:17904115.
• Lymph gland/hematopoiesis requirement is reproducible across both studies.
• Wing hearts require Hand (PMID:23747982).

Review decisions

• MODIFY GO:0032968 (elongation) and GO:0006355 -> GO:0045944.
• Embryonic heart tube development kept as non-core because of the allele conflict.
• NEW GO:0007512 adult heart development (Lo et al. 2007).
• Module annoton (GO:0000981, heart development) is consistent with this review.