Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms

Gene Ontology annotation based on Enzyme Commission mapping

Annotation inferences using phylogenetic trees

Gene Ontology annotation based on UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Subcellular Location vocabulary mapping, accompanied by conservative changes to GO terms applied by UniProt

Gene Ontology annotation based on curation of immunofluorescence data

Automatic transfer of experimentally verified manual GO annotation data to orthologs using Ensembl Compara

Automatic Gene Ontology annotation based on Rhea mapping

Combined Automated Annotation using Multiple IEA Methods

Distinct regions of MAT1 regulate cdk7 kinase and TFIIH transcription activities.

Trichothiodystrophy, a transcription syndrome.

A yeast four-hybrid system identifies Cdk-activating kinase as a regulator of the XPD helicase, a subunit of transcription factor IIH.

A new, tenth subunit of TFIIH is responsible for the DNA repair syndrome trichothiodystrophy group A.

Dynamic interaction of TTDA with TFIIH is stabilized by nucleotide excision repair in living cells.

DNA nucleotide excision repair-dependent signaling to checkpoint activation.

Genetic susceptibility of newborn daughters to oxidative stress.

Both XPD alleles contribute to the phenotype of compound heterozygote xeroderma pigmentosum patients.

MMXD, a TFIIH-independent XPD-MMS19 protein complex involved in chromosome segregation.

ERCC2: cDNA cloning and molecular characterization of a human nucleotide excision repair gene with high homology to yeast RAD3.

TFIIH: when transcription met DNA repair.

DNA quality control by a lesion sensor pocket of the xeroderma pigmentosum group D helicase subunit of TFIIH.

IOP1 protein is an external component of the human cytosolic iron-sulfur cluster assembly (CIA) machinery and functions in the MMS19 protein-dependent CIA pathway.

Human CIA2A-FAM96A and CIA2B-FAM96B integrate iron homeostasis and maturation of different subsets of cytosolic-nuclear iron-sulfur proteins.

A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network.

Near-atomic resolution visualization of human transcription promoter opening.

The CIA Targeting Complex Is Highly Regulated and Provides Two Distinct Binding Sites for Client Iron-Sulfur Proteins.

Structural basis of TFIIH activation for nucleotide excision repair.

Systematic discovery of mutation-directed neo-protein-protein interactions in cancer.

p53 modulation of TFIIH-associated nucleotide excision repair activity.

Human xeroderma pigmentosum group D gene encodes a DNA helicase.

Interactions involving the human RNA polymerase II transcription/nucleotide excision repair complex TFIIH, the nucleotide excision repair protein XPG, and Cockayne syndrome group B (CSB) protein.

A 3' --> 5' XPB helicase defect in repair/transcription factor TFIIH of xeroderma pigmentosum group B affects both DNA repair and transcription.

The XPB and XPD DNA helicases are components of the p53-mediated apoptosis pathway.

Isolation and characterization of two human transcription factor IIH (TFIIH)-related complexes: ERCC2/CAK and TFIIH.

Human cyclin-dependent kinase-activating kinase exists in three distinct complexes.

Mutations in the XPD helicase gene result in XP and TTD phenotypes, preventing interaction between XPD and the p44 subunit of TFIIH.

Immunoaffinity purification and functional characterization of human transcription factor IIH and RNA polymerase II from clonal cell lines that conditionally express epitope-tagged subunits of the multiprotein complexes.

Formation of the closed pre-initiation complex

Addition of nucleotides between position +11 and +30

Recruitment of elongation factors to form elongation complex

Hypophosphorylation of RNA Pol II CTD by FCP1P protein

Addition of nucleotides leads to transcript elongation

Extrusion of 5'-end of 30 nt long transcript through the pore in Pol II complex

Formation of the pre-incision complex in GG-NER

Recruitment of XPA and release of CAK

DNA polymerases delta, epsilon or kappa bind the GG-NER site

3'-incision of DNA by ERCC5 (XPG) in GG-NER

5'- incision of DNA by ERCC1:ERCC4 in GG-NER

Binding of ERCC1:ERCC4 (ERCC1:XPF) to pre-incision complex in GG-NER

ERCC2 and ERCC3 DNA helicases form an open bubble structure in damaged DNA

TFIIH binds GG-NER site to form a verification complex

CHD1L is recruited to GG-NER site

RNA Pol II initiates transcription from damaged DNA template

Active RNA Pol II complex transcribes lesion-containing DNA template

Transcription-Coupled Nucleotide Excision Repair (TC-NER)

ERCC8 (CSA) binds stalled RNA Pol II

ERCC6 binds stalled RNA Pol II

ERCC8:DDB1:CUL4:RBX1 ubiquitinates ERCC6 and RNA Pol II

Assembly of the pre-incision complex in TC-NER

UVSSA:USP7 deubiquitinates ERCC6

ERCC2-facilitated RNA Pol II backtracking in TC-NER

ERCC5 and RPA bind TC-NER site

Binding of ERCC1:ERCC4 (ERCC1:XPF) to pre-incision complex in TC-NER

5' incision of damaged DNA strand by ERCC1:ERCC4 in TC-NER

Repair DNA synthesis of ~27-30 bases long patch by POLD, POLE or POLK in TC-NER

DNA polymerases delta, epsilon or kappa bind the TC-NER site

3' incision by ERCC5 (XPG) in TC-NER

Ligation of newly synthesized repair patch to incised DNA in TC-NER

Recovery of RNA synthesis after TC-NER

SUMOylation of XPC

RNF111 ubiquitinates SUMOylated XPC

CDK12 phosphorylates RNA Pol II CTD at DNA repair genes

CCNK:CDK12 binds RNA Pol II at DNA repair genes

Recruitment of Active RNA Polymerase I to SL1:phos.UBF-1:rDNA Promoter

Loss of Rrn3 from RNA Polymerase I promoter escape complex

Abortive initiation after formation of the first phosphodiester bond

Elongation of pre-rRNA transcript

Dissociation of PTRF:Polymerase I/Nascent Pre rRNA Complex:TTF-I:Sal Box

PTRF Binds the Polymerase I Transcription Complex/Nascent Pre rRNA Complex paused at the TTF-I:Sal Box

Polymerase I Transcription Complex/Nascent Pre rRNA Complex pauses at the TTF-I:Sal Box

Addition of the third nucleotide on the nascent transcript

Abortive Initiation Before Second Transition

NTP Binds Active Site of RNA Polymerase II

Fall Back to Closed Pre-initiation Complex

Newly Formed Phosphodiester Bond Stabilized and PPi Released

Nucleophillic Attack by 3'-hydroxyl Oxygen of nascent transcript on the Alpha Phosphate of NTP

Addition of the fourth nucleotide on the Nascent Transcript: Second Transition

Addition of Nucleotides 5 through 9 on the growing Transcript

Abortive Initiation After Second Transition

RNA Polymerase II Promoter Opening: First Transition

Addition of nucleotides 10 and 11 on the growing transcript: Third Transition

Activation of GT

RNA Polymerase II CTD (phosphorylated) binds to CE

Phosphorylation (Ser5) of RNA pol II CTD

SPT5 subunit of Pol II binds the RNA triphosphatase (RTP)

Capping complex formation

Hydrolysis of the 5'-end of the nascent transcript by the capping enzyme

Formation of the CE:GMP intermediate complex

Transfer of GMP from the capping enzyme GT site to 5'-end of mRNA

Dissociation of transcript with 5'-GMP from GT

Methylation of GMP-cap by RNA Methyltransferase

Unwinding of DNA for the Nascent Transcript: Second Transition

Unwinding DNA for the nascent transcript

ERCC3-facilitated RNA Pol II backtracking in TC-NER

Negative superhelicity promotes ATP-dependent binding of yeast RAD3 protein to ultraviolet-damaged DNA.

mRNA levels of the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF-1) and DNA repair genes in perinatal asphyxia of the rat.

Nucleotide excision repair gene expression in the rat conceptus during organogenesis.

Hepatitis B virus transactivator protein, HBx, associates with the components of TFIIH and stimulates the DNA helicase activity of TFIIH.

Neurological defects in trichothiodystrophy reveal a coactivator function of TFIIH.

ERCC2 source guide: original assays, database provenance and product boundaries