Annotation inferences using phylogenetic trees

PAINT node PTN001212488 (KCR clade, including KCR1 and the inactive paralog KCR2) propagates ER localization and ketoreductase activity.

Gene Ontology annotation based on UniPathway vocabulary mapping

UniPathway fatty acid biosynthesis mapping.

Gene Ontology annotation based on UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Subcellular Location vocabulary mapping, accompanied by conservative changes to GO terms applied by UniProt

UniProt subcellular location (ER membrane) mapped to GO.

GO_REF:0000117

Electronic Gene Ontology annotations created by ARBA machine learning models

ARBA rules assign ER localization and NAD(P)-dependent CH-OH oxidoreductase activity.

GO_REF:0000120

Combined Automated Annotation using Multiple IEA Methods

EC 1.1.1.330/RHEA:48680 mapping to very-long-chain 3-oxoacyl-CoA reductase activity.

GO_REF:0000122

AtSubP analysis

AtSubP predicts chloroplast localization, contradicted by experimental ER localization.

PMID:11792704

A Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene required for heterologous fatty acid elongase activity encodes a microsomal beta-keto-reductase.

Yeast YBR159w encodes the microsomal beta-keto-reductase; an Arabidopsis homologue (KCR1) restores heterologous elongase activity in ybr159 mutants.

"Both Ybr159p and an Arabidopsis homologue were shown to restore heterologous elongase activities when expressed in ybr159Delta mutants."

PMID:16618929

Mapping the Arabidopsis organelle proteome.

LOPIT organelle proteomics localizing 527 Arabidopsis proteins, including KCR1 in the ER.

PMID:19439572

Functional characterization of the Arabidopsis beta-ketoacyl-coenzyme A reductase candidates of the fatty acid elongase.

KCR1 is the only functional microsomal KCR in Arabidopsis: it complements yeast ybr159, localizes to the ER, is essential for embryogenesis, and its suppression reduces wax and VLCFAs in sphingolipids, seed TAGs and root lipids.

"these results indicate that only AtKCR1 is a functional KCR isoform involved in microsomal fatty acid elongation"

PMID:22923678

Putative glycosyltransferases and other plant Golgi apparatus proteins are revealed by LOPIT proteomics.

LOPIT proteomics of the Arabidopsis membrane proteome; source of HDA ER call.

PMID:28887381

Global Analysis of Membrane-associated Protein Oligomerization Using Protein Correlation Profiling.

Protein correlation profiling; source of HDA mitochondrion call for KCR1 that conflicts with focused ER localization.

PMID:30604175

Arabidopsis Bax inhibitor-1 interacts with enzymes related to very-long-chain fatty acid synthesis.

AtBI-1 co-purifies with AtELO2, KCR1, PAS2, CER10 and AtCb5-D; AtELO2 and AtCb5-B interact with KCR1, PAS2 and CER10.

"AtBI-1 forms a complex with AtELO2, KCR1, PAS2, CER10, and AtCb5-D"

file:ARATH/KCR1/KCR1-deep-research-falcon.md

Falcon deep research report for KCR1 (At1g67730)

Synthesizes KCR1 as the essential ER beta-ketoacyl-CoA reductase of the VLCFA elongase with broad chain-length acceptance; notes cofactor preference (NADH vs NADPH) has not been directly measured.

"no evidence supports mitochondrial localization"