Annotation inferences using phylogenetic trees
Combined Automated Annotation using Multiple IEA Methods.
A reference map of the human binary protein interactome.
Deep research on CSN1S1 function
Falcon deep research on CSN1S1 function
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Human CSN1S1 encodes αS1-casein, a secreted milk phosphoprotein that participates in casein micelle architecture and supports nutrient/mineral delivery; in humans αS1-casein is a minor casein component (~3% of casein) relative to β- and κ-casein, with mean human casein micelle diameter 64–80 nm.
"Primary function:** Human CSN1S1 encodes αS1-casein, a secreted milk phosphoprotein that participates in **casein micelle** architecture and thereby supports nutrient/mineral delivery; in humans it is a **minor casein component** relative to β- and κ-casein"
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αS1-casein is a documented precursor for Casoxin D (αS1-casein f158–164; YVPFPPF), classified in reviews as an opioid antagonist peptide.
"αS1-casein is a documented precursor for **Casoxin D** (αS1-casein f158–164; **YVPFPPF**), classified in reviews as an **opioid antagonist** peptide"
Caseins: Versatility of Their Micellar Organization in Relation to the Functional and Nutritional Properties of Milk
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αS1-, αS2-, and β-caseins are calcium-binding phosphoproteins located mainly in the casein micelle interior, associating with colloidal calcium phosphate; κ-casein forms the stabilizing surface layer.
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In human milk, αS1-casein is a minor casein fraction (~3% of casein), with total casein concentration 2.4–4.2 g/L and mean micelle diameter 64–80 nm.