AP3S1 (CLAPS3) encodes a small clathrin-adaptor chain that functions as a subunit of the AP-3 adaptor complex in intracellular vesicular trafficking, and is expressed ubiquitously across human tissues PMID:8697810. Its trafficking role is required for copper homeostasis: partial knockdown in zebrafish sensitized developing melanocytes to hypopigmentation under low-copper conditions, placing AP3S1 in the intracellular trafficking pathway essential for copper loading into cuproproteins PMID:20713646. Beyond these established roles, mechanistic detail is limited in the available corpus: AP3S1 has been reported as a host interactor of multiple HPAI H7N9 viral proteins PMID:38560106 and its knockdown reduces ovarian cancer cell migration and invasion in a manner linked to TGF-β/SMAD signaling PMID:38609993, but neither the structural basis of cargo recognition nor the biochemical mechanism of these activities has been characterized.
| Year | Confidence | Finding | PMIDs | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1996 | Medium | AP3S1 (CLAPS3) encodes a novel clathrin-adaptor small chain of 193 amino acids (22 kDa) with homology to clathrin-adaptor small chains in rat, mouse, and yeast, and is expressed ubiquitously across human tissues as a 1.35-kb transcript. | PMID:8697810 | Cytogenetics and cell genetics |
| 2010 | Medium | Partial knockdown of Ap3s1 (an intracellular trafficking component, AP-3 complex subunit) in zebrafish sensitized developing melanocytes to hypopigmentation under low-copper conditions, placing AP3S1 in the intracellular trafficking pathway essential for copper loading into cuproproteins. | PMID:20713646 | Disease models & mechanisms |
| 2024 | Low | AP3S1 protein interacts with multiple HPAI H7N9 viral proteins (hemagglutinin, matrix 1, neuraminidase, nucleoprotein, PB1, PB2) as demonstrated by co-immunoprecipitation, identifying AP3S1 as a novel host interactor involved in modulating the viral life cycle. | PMID:38560106 | Heliyon |
| 2024 | Low | AP3S1 knockdown in ovarian cancer cells reduced tumor cell migration and invasion, with mechanistic placement in the TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway. | PMID:38609993 | European journal of medical research |