ERF directly links ETS-site recognition to transcriptional repression. Full-length human ERF represses HeLa CAT reporters, ETS-site deletion reduces that effect, and GAL4 tethering demonstrates an active C-terminal repression region around residues 472–530. The GAL4 gel is a tethering/binding control, while the original ETS-probe isolation and EMSA Methods provide distinct recognition evidence. These data support one coherent repressor activity rather than separate generic DNA-binding and repression functions. PMID:7588608(https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb00160.x), Functional analysis of ERF, Figure 2 and operative Methods.
Nuclear availability is regulated through ERK-linked phosphorylation and shuttling. Human ERF-cDNA constructs and engineered mutants show that this regulation involves multiple sites; T526 alone is not a sufficient export switch. The experiments do not convert ERF, an ERK substrate, into a kinase or nuclear-export enzyme. PMID:14729966(https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC321421/), Methods and Results/Figures 1–5.
Developmental effects are context-specific consequences of gene regulation. Human ERF dosage and variants are connected to craniosynostosis, while human reporter assays support the repressor mechanism. The endogenous Erf ChIP data in that study are from mouse fibroblasts. Separate mouse knockout and trophoblast-stem-cell experiments support differentiation involvement. PMID:23354439(https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3683605/), Figures 3h and 4b/ChIP-Seq and Promoter assays Methods; PMID:17502352(https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1951951/), targeting/TSC Methods and Results/Figures 5–7.
The deposited HT-SELEX motif identifies human ERF, but the 2013 Methods, precise construct and supplement remain inaccessible. Four HuRI physical pairs are supported by twelve method records in yeast. None establishes target-pair mammalian orthogonal validation, a constitutive complex or a more specific regulatory role. The shorter natural product deletes part of the ETS domain and has not been shown equivalent to canonical ERF in these studies. JASPAR MA0760.1; PMID:32296183(https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7169983/), Generation and characterization of HuRI and deposited target records.
See the original-source guide for database ancestry, exact Reactome participant identities, HPA antigen/product limits, access routes and unexamined figure/supplement boundaries. This file is a manual synthesis; no failed-provider output was substituted or fabricated.