Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.
Determination of the transcription initiation site and identification of the protein product of the regulatory gene xylR for xyl operons on the TOL plasmid.
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xylR acts positively on xyl operons for degradation of toluene and xylenes.
"The xylR gene is a regulatory gene on the TOL plasmid, which acts in a positive manner on xyl operons for degradation of toluene and xylenes in Pseudomonas putida."
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xylR transcription has two mapped start sites and is inducer-independent at the promoter level.
"Two initiation sites were detected which were identical in both P. putida and E. coli. The amounts of mRNA synthesized in both bacterial cells were almost the same and independent of the inducers for xyl operons."
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The xylR product is an approximately 67 kDa protein.
"The product of the xylR gene was identified by the maxicell system as a protein with an approximate molecular weight of 67,000."
Nucleotide sequence of the regulatory gene xylR of the TOL plasmid from Pseudomonas putida.
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xylR encodes a 566 aa transcriptional activator for the aromatic-hydrocarbon degradative pathway.
"The 1698-bp sequence for a 566-amino acid (aa) protein (Mr 63741) was identified as the XylR-encoding sequence."
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The central region corresponds to the sigma-factor interaction region.
"The central region of XylR (aa 234-473) corresponds to the region that was proposed to interact with RNA polymerase having a sigma factor, NtrA"
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The C-terminal region contains a putative DNA-binding structure.
"The C-terminal region (aa 515-558) has a putative DNA-binding structure."
Genetic, functional and sequence analysis of the xylR and xylS regulatory genes of the TOL plasmid pWW0.
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xylR is one of the core regulatory genes of the TOL plasmid pWW0 system.
"Insertion mutations of the xylR and xylS regulatory genes of the catabolic pathway have been isolated and characterized"
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Tn5 mutagenesis and functional analysis linked xylR to catechol 2,3-oxygenase induction.
"their ability to induce catechol 2,3-oxygenase activity determined."
Activation of the toluene-responsive regulator XylR causes a transcriptional switch between sigma54 and sigma70 promoters at the divergent Pr/Ps region of the TOL plasmid.
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Activated XylR is a toluene-responsive regulator of the sigma54-dependent Pu and Ps promoters.
"The mechanism by which XylR, the toluene-responsive activator of the sigma54-dependent Pu and Ps promoters of the Pseudomonas TOL plasmid pWW0, downregulates its own sigma70 promoter Prhas been examined."
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ATP promotes multimerization at the UAS and contributes to the Pr/Ps transcriptional switch.
"The addition of ATP, known to trigger multimerization of the regulator at the UAS, enhanced the repression of Pr by XylR"
The Crc global regulator inhibits the Pseudomonas putida pWW0 toluene/xylene assimilation pathway by repressing the translation of regulatory and structural genes.
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Crc represses the TOL pathway partly by binding the translation-initiation regions of xylR and xylS mRNAs.
"This study reports that Crc binds to sites located at the translation initiation regions of the mRNAs coding for XylR and XylS"
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XylR sits within a larger catabolite-repression hierarchy rather than acting alone.
"First, Crc inhibits the translation of the XylR and XylS regulators, thereby reducing the transcription of all TOL pathway genes."
Integration of signals through Crc and PtsN in catabolite repression of Pseudomonas putida TOL plasmid pWW0.
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The pWW0 system has been studied in a KT2440 host background.
"Toluene degradation in Pseudomonas putida KT2440 pWW0 plasmid is subjected to catabolite repression."
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Global regulation through Crc and PtsN modulates XylR-dependent promoter output.
"Pu and P(S1) promoters of the pWW0 TOL plasmid are down-regulated in vivo during exponential growth in rich medium."
UniProt entry P06519
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The reviewed accession is plasmid-borne on TOL pWW0 and mapped to taxon 303 rather than the native KT2440 chromosome.
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UniProt records ATP-binding residues, a DNA-binding motif, and activation of xylCMABN/xylS in response to aromatic effectors.
OpenAI deep research report for xylR
Falcon (Edison Scientific) deep research report for xylR
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"σ54-dependent bacterial enhancer-binding protein (bEBP)"
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"it is a **signal-responsive transcriptional regulator** that activates transcription of genes enabling catabolism of aromatic hydrocarbons"
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"use a **central AAA+ ATPase domain** to couple ATP hydrolysis to remodeling of the σ54–RNAP complex"
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"D domain (C-terminus):** DNA binding to upstream activating sequences (UAS), typically via an HTH-type motif"
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"it activates the **Pu promoter** driving the **upper operon** and activates σ54-class promoter **Ps1** to induce **xylS**"
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"The N-terminal A domain is described as binding aromatic effectors and repressing the central activation domain until inducer binding"
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"Deletion of the N-terminal region (e.g., removal of the A domain) yields **constitutive activity**"
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"XylR variants defective in activation of Ps (σ54 promoter) remained competent for repression of Pr (autoregulation)"
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"σ54 (RpoN) is essential for Ps1 activity: Ps1 transcription is abolished in σ54-deficient backgrounds"
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"functioning as a **cytoplasmic DNA-binding transcription factor**"
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"XylR also represses its own **Pr** promoter region by occupying overlapping UAS/Pr sites"