Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms
Manual transfer of experimentally-verified manual GO annotation data to orthologs
Annotation inferences using phylogenetic trees
Gene Ontology annotation based on UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot keyword mapping
Gene Ontology annotation based on UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Subcellular Location
Automated transfer of experimentally-verified manual GO annotation data to mouse-rat orthologs
Automatic Gene Ontology annotation based on Rhea mapping
Electronic Gene Ontology annotations created by ARBA machine learning models
Automated transfer of experimentally-verified manual GO annotation data to mouse-human orthologs
Combined Automated Annotation using Multiple IEA Methods
UniProt entry for mouse GAPDH
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Key glycolytic enzyme catalyzing conversion of G3P to 1,3-BPG
"Glyceraldehyde-3- phosphate dehydrogenase is a key enzyme in glycolysis that catalyzes the first step of the pathway by converting D-glyceraldehyde 3- phosphate (G3P) into 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate"
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Forms homotetramer for catalytic activity
"Homotetramer (PubMed:23071094)"
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Component of GAIT complex for translation regulation
"Component of the GAIT (gamma interferon- activated inhibitor of translation) complex which mediates interferon- gamma-induced transcript-selective translation inhibition in inflammation processes"
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Nuclear translocation upon S-nitrosylation
"Translocates to the nucleus following S-nitrosylation and interaction with SIAH1, which contains a nuclear localization signal"
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Modulates cytoskeleton via CHP1 interaction
"Modulates the organization and assembly of the cytoskeleton"
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Role in innate immunity
"Also plays a role in innate immunity by promoting TNF-induced NF-kappa-B activation and type I interferon production, via interaction with TRAF2 and TRAF3, respectively"
Deep research report for mouse Gapdh (Perplexity)
Deep research report for mouse Gapdh (Falcon / Edison Scientific)
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GAPDH catalyzes the oxidative phosphorylation step of glycolysis, converting
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate while reducing NAD+ to NADH;
this canonical reaction is the primary annotation that should remain glycolytic
oxidoreduction.
"catalyzes the oxidative phosphorylation step of glycolysis converting **glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P)** to **1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (1,3‑BPG)** while reducing **NAD+ to NADH**"
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The conserved catalytic mechanism proceeds via active-site Cys150 attacking the
aldehyde of G3P to form a hemithioacetal, hydride transfer to NAD+ yielding NADH
and a thioacyl intermediate, with His177 as catalytic partner.
"the catalytic **Cys150** nucleophilically attacks the aldehyde of G3P forming a hemithioacetal; hydride transfer to NAD+ produces NADH and a thioacyl (thioester) intermediate"
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GAPDH has an N-terminal NAD+-binding region (approx residues 1-150) and is
catalytically active as an NAD+-bound homotetramer.
"a functional catalytic form as an **NAD+-bound homotetramer**"
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Canonical GAPDH catalysis occurs in the cytoplasm as part of glycolysis.
"Canonical GAPDH catalysis occurs in the **cytoplasm** as part of glycolysis"
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Non-glycolytic moonlighting roles are best annotated as conditionally enabled
states that arise when PTMs (especially at catalytic cysteines) disrupt the
glycolytic tetramer and promote relocalization to the nucleus.
"many non-glycolytic roles are proposed/observed when PTMs disrupt the tetrameric glycolytic state and promote relocalization (e.g., to nucleus)"
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S-nitrosylation of catalytic Cys150 inhibits glycolytic activity, prevents NAD+
binding and tetramer stability, and enables interaction with the E3 ligase Siah1
whose NLS supports nuclear import of the complex.
"**S-nitrosylation** of catalytic **Cys150**, inhibiting glycolytic activity, preventing NAD+ binding and tetramer stability, and enabling interaction with **Siah1** (E3 ligase)"
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GAPDH-SNO can act as a transnitrosylase, transferring NO from S-nitrosylated
Cys150 to nuclear proteins including HDAC2, ATM, and SIRT1.
"GAPDH-SNO can function as a **transnitrosylase**, transferring NO from the S-nitrosylated active-site cysteine to nuclear proteins such as **HDAC2, ATM, and SIRT1**"
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Nuclear GAPDH is connected to stress-response pathways including apoptosis
(NO/GAPDH/Siah1 axis) and autophagy regulation, framed as condition-dependent
and PTM-enabled.
"connects nuclear GAPDH to stress-response pathways including apoptosis (NO/GAPDH/Siah1 axis) and autophagy regulation"
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Active-site cysteine acetylation in mouse tissues phenocopies nitrosylation:
purified GAPDH lost ~90% activity after 24 h acetyl-CoA exposure and an
acetylated isoform was ~28-fold enriched in a nuclear-containing heavy membrane
fraction, supporting PTM-driven suppression of glycolysis and nuclear-associated
moonlighting pools.
"extensive acetylation of purified GAPDH correlated with an approximately **90% decrease in enzymatic activity after 24 h** incubation with acetyl-CoA, and an acetylated GAPDH isoform was **~28-fold enriched in a nuclear-containing heavy membrane fraction** compared with supernatant"
Zinc-induced cortical neuronal death: contribution of energy failure attributable to loss of NAD(+) and inhibition of glycolysis
Influence of age and caloric restriction on liver glycolytic enzyme activities and metabolite concentrations in mice
Integrated analysis of protein composition, tissue diversity, and gene regulation in mouse mitochondria
Cyclin A2 mediates cardiomyocyte mitosis in the postmitotic myocardium
Glycolytic enzymes can modulate cellular life span
Proteolipid protein is required for transport of sirtuin 2 into CNS myelin
Human glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in man-rodent somatic cell hybrids
The protein profile of mouse mature cumulus-oocyte complex
Glyceroneogenesis is the dominant pathway for triglyceride glycerol synthesis in vivo in the rat
Characterization of glycolytic enzyme interactions with murine erythrocyte membranes in wild-type and membrane protein knockout mice.
A postnatal switch of CELF and MBNL proteins reprograms alternative splicing in the developing heart
A protein interaction network for the large conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channel in the mouse cochlea
SIRT1 promotes cell survival under stress by deacetylation-dependent deactivation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1
H2S signals through protein S-sulfhydration
Identification of the target proteins of rosiglitazone in 3T3-L1 adipocytes through proteomic analysis of cytosolic and secreted proteins.
Protor-1 is required for efficient mTORC2-mediated activation of SGK1 in the kidney
Pinpointing the expression of piRNAs and function of the PIWI protein subfamily during spermatogenesis in the mouse.
Heterotrimeric GAIT complex drives transcript-selective translation inhibition in murine macrophages
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GAPDH is a component of the murine GAIT complex
"The murine GAIT complex is heterotrimeric, lacking NSAP1"
Cytosolic proteins lose solubility as amyloid deposits in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer-type amyloidosis
MCJ/DnaJC15, an endogenous mitochondrial repressor of the respiratory chain that controls metabolic alterations.
Mitochondrial disulfide relay mediates translocation of p53 and partitions its subcellular activity
The primary microRNA-208b interacts with Polycomb-group protein, Ezh2, to regulate gene expression in the heart
Disrupting GluA2-GAPDH Interaction Affects Axon and Dendrite Development
Lysine post-translational modification of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase regulates hepatic and systemic metabolism
A Predictive Model for Selective Targeting of the Warburg Effect through GAPDH Inhibition with a Natural Product
Long noncoding RNA SAM promotes myoblast proliferation through stabilizing Sugt1 and facilitating kinetochore assembly.
Linear dose-response relationship of erythrocyte enzyme-activity mutations in offspring of ethylnitrosourea-treated mice
Hspa8:substrate binds late endosomal phospholipids
Substrate translocates into late endosomal lumen