Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms
Manual transfer of experimentally-verified manual GO annotation data to orthologs by curator judgment of sequence similarity
Annotation inferences using phylogenetic trees
Gene Ontology annotation based on curation of immunofluorescence data
Automatic transfer of experimentally verified manual GO annotation data to orthologs using Ensembl Compara
Automatic assignment of GO terms using logical inference, based on on inter-ontology links
Electronic Gene Ontology annotations created by ARBA machine learning models
Combined Automated Annotation using Multiple IEA Methods
Characterization of a second member of the subfamily of calcium-binding mitochondrial carriers expressed in human non-excitable tissues.
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Cloned citrin (Aralar2) as a liver / non-excitable-tissue calcium-binding mitochondrial carrier, 78.3% identical to Aralar1; localizes to mitochondria in human cell lines and binds calcium via its N-terminal EF-hands.
"The localization of Aralar2/citrin expressed in human cell lines is mitochondrial"
Citrin and aralar1 are Ca(2+)-stimulated aspartate/glutamate transporters in mitochondria.
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Reconstituted citrin catalyzes electrogenic exchange of aspartate for glutamate and a proton, identifying it as the mitochondrial aspartate/glutamate carrier; overexpression increases malate-aspartate shuttle activity, and the activity is calcium-stimulated.
"shown to catalyze the electrogenic exchange of aspartate for glutamate and a H"
Recombinant expression of the Ca(2+)-sensitive aspartate/glutamate carrier increases mitochondrial ATP production in agonist-stimulated Chinese hamster ovary cells.
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Recombinant citrin (and aralar1) increase mitochondrial ATP production upon calcium-mobilizing agonist stimulation, linking calcium-sensitive aspartate/glutamate transport to mitochondrial energy metabolism.
"larger in cells expressing aralar and citrin"
Calcium-induced conformational changes of the regulatory domain of human mitochondrial aspartate/glutamate carriers.
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X-ray structures of the citrin/aralar N- and C-terminal domains show a homodimer with a unique eight-EF-hand arch; only EF-hand 2 binds calcium, and calcium binding opens a vestibule regulating substrate access.
"Only EF-hand 2 binds calcium"
Architecture of the human interactome defines protein communities and disease networks.
Dual proteome-scale networks reveal cell-specific remodeling of the human interactome.
Quantitative high-confidence human mitochondrial proteome and its dynamics in cellular context.
The malate-aspartate shuttle is important for de novo serine biosynthesis.
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Genetic disruption of malate-aspartate shuttle components (including the aspartate/glutamate carrier) reduces de novo serine biosynthesis, reflecting the shuttle's role in recycling cytosolic NADH to NAD+.
"we show that the MAS is important for de novo serine biosynthesis"
The mitochondrial aspartate/glutamate carrier does not transport GABA.
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Human citrin (AGC2) and aralar (AGC1) transport aspartate and glutamate but do not transport GABA in homo- or hetero-exchange, refining the substrate specificity of the aspartate/glutamate antiport.
"the human AGC isoforms (AGC1/aralar1 and AGC2/citrin) are unable to transport GABA both in homo- and in hetero-exchange with either glutamate or aspartate, i.e. the canonical substrates of AGC"
Distinct roles for the domains of the mitochondrial aspartate/glutamate carrier citrin in organellar localization and substrate transport.
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Domain-dissection with 33 pathogenic variants: the carrier domain performs transport (identifying substrate-binding and dynamics residues), while N-terminal domain mutations cause a mitochondrial import defect rather than regulating transport via calcium.
"located in the mitochondrial inner membrane"
The solute carrier superfamily interactome.
SLC25A12,13 exchange L-Glu and L-Asp