UniProtKB reviewed entry for Arabidopsis FLS2/At5g46330
Falcon deep research report for Arabidopsis FLS2/Q9FL28
Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms
Gene Ontology annotation based on Enzyme Commission mapping
Gene Ontology annotation based on UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Subcellular Location vocabulary mapping, accompanied by conservative changes to GO terms applied by UniProt
Automatic assignment of GO terms using logical inference, based on on inter-ontology links
Automatic Gene Ontology annotation based on Rhea mapping
Electronic Gene Ontology annotations created by ARBA machine learning models
FLS2: an LRR receptor-like kinase involved in the perception of the bacterial elicitor flagellin in Arabidopsis.
Ligand-induced endocytosis of the pattern recognition receptor FLS2 in Arabidopsis.
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FLS2-GFP resides at the cell membrane and moves into intracellular vesicles after flg22 stimulation.
"Stimulation with the flagellin
epitope flg22 induces its transfer into intracellular mobile vesicles, followed
by degradation."
A flagellin-induced complex of the receptor FLS2 and BAK1 initiates plant defence.
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The publication shows ligand-dependent FLS2 association with BAK1 during flagellin signaling.
"We provide evidence that FLS2 and BAK1 form a complex in
vivo, in a specific ligand-dependent manner, within the first minutes of
stimulation with flagellin."
The receptor-like kinase SERK3/BAK1 is a central regulator of innate immunity in plants.
A high content in lipid-modified peripheral proteins and integral receptor kinases features in the arabidopsis plasma membrane proteome.
Pseudomonas syringae effector AvrPto blocks innate immunity by targeting receptor kinases.
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FLS2-dependent PAMP perception contributes to antibacterial defense, and AvrPto suppresses this immunity by targeting receptor kinases including FLS2.
"AvrPto binds receptor kinases, including Arabidopsis FLS2 and EFR and tomato
LeFLS2, to block plant immune responses in the plant cell."
Plant pattern-recognition receptor FLS2 is directed for degradation by the bacterial ubiquitin ligase AvrPtoB.
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AvrPtoB associates with FLS2 and promotes ubiquitination/degradation of the receptor as a pathogen virulence mechanism.
"We show that AvrPtoB, through its N
terminus, associates with FLS2 and BAK1, of which interaction with FLS2 is
enhanced by flg22 activation."
Glucosinolate metabolites required for an Arabidopsis innate immune response.
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FLS2 is required for flg22-induced callose and contributes to antibacterial resistance.
"Mutants lacking the functional Flg22 receptor encoded by the FLS2 gene (11) or the functional callose synthase encoded by the PMR4 gene (12) did not respond to Flg22 treatment"
A receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase, BIK1, associates with a flagellin receptor complex to initiate plant innate immunity.
Early signaling through the Arabidopsis pattern recognition receptors FLS2 and EFR involves Ca-associated opening of plasma membrane anion channels.
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FLS2-dependent flg22 perception activates early plasma-membrane electrical and calcium-associated signaling through the PAMP receptor pathway.
"activation of FLS2 and EFR lead to
BAK1-dependent, calcium-associated plasma membrane anion channel opening as an
initial step in the pathogen defense pathway."
Phosphorylation of receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases by bacterial flagellin.
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The cited report reviews BIK1 and related RLCK association with the flagellin receptor complex downstream of FLS2/BAK1.
"We recently identified a receptor-like cytoplasmic
kinase (RLCK) BIK1 that associates with flagellin receptor complex to initiate
plant innate immunity."
Receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases integrate signaling from multiple plant immune receptors and are targeted by a Pseudomonas syringae effector.
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BIK1 and related PBL kinases interact with FLS2 and are rapidly phosphorylated after FLS2 activation.
"In unstimulated plants, BIK1 and PBL1 interact with FLS2 and are rapidly
phosphorylated upon FLS2 activation by its ligand flg22."
Novel functions of Stomatal Cytokinesis-Defective 1 (SCD1) in innate immune responses against bacteria.
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SCD1 co-immunoprecipitates with FLS2-containing microsomal material independently of elicitation.
"Here, we used the same approach to identify a protein with an apparent molecular mass of about 140 kDa that immunoprecipitated with the αFLS2 antibody in a PF22-independent manner from solubilized microsomal membranes of La-er cell culture"
Stem-cell-triggered immunity through CLV3p-FLS2 signalling.
Physical association of pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI) immune receptors in Arabidopsis.
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FLS2 was reported to physically associate with several ETI immune receptors, suggesting early PTI/ETI receptor proximity.
"Here, we
provide evidence that FLS2 is physically associated with all three R proteins."
Brassinosteroids inhibit pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immune signaling independent of the receptor kinase BAK1.
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The study examines FLS2-mediated immune signaling and BAK1-related pathway context during brassinosteroid crosstalk.
"BAK1 recruited by FLS2 seems to be different from that recruited by BRI1, as BL did not displace the amount of BAK1 immunoprecipitated with FLS2."
Spatio-temporal cellular dynamics of the Arabidopsis flagellin receptor reveal activation status-dependent endosomal sorting.
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FLS2 is ligand-dependently internalized after flg22 perception, and activation-state-dependent endosomal sorting is well supported. This describes receptor trafficking and signal attenuation rather than the core receptor activity itself.
"FLS2 localizes to bona fide endosomes via two
distinct endocytic trafficking routes depending on its activation status."
CRT1 is a nuclear-translocated MORC endonuclease that participates in multiple levels of plant immunity.
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CRT1/MORC1 was reported to interact with FLS2 in immunity-related assays.
"Consistent with its role in PAMP-triggered immunity, CRT1
interacted with the PAMP recognition receptor FLS2."
Pseudomonas HopU1 modulates plant immune receptor levels by blocking the interaction of their mRNAs with GRP7.
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GRP7 physically associates with FLS2 protein as well as binding FLS2 transcripts. HopU1 disrupts RNA binding rather than the GRP7-FLS2 protein association.
"Here, we show that GRP7 associates with translational
components, as well as with the pattern recognition receptors FLS2 and EFR."
BR-SIGNALING KINASE1 physically associates with FLAGELLIN SENSING2 and regulates plant innate immunity in Arabidopsis.
Structural basis for flg22-induced activation of the Arabidopsis FLS2-BAK1 immune complex.
The FLS2-associated kinase BIK1 directly phosphorylates the NADPH oxidase RbohD to control plant immunity.
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The paper places RBOHD downstream of the FLS2-associated kinase BIK1 in ROS and stomatal defense signaling.
"the receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase BIK1, a component of the FLS2
immune receptor complex"
Salicylic acid signaling controls the maturation and localization of the arabidopsis defense protein ACCELERATED CELL DEATH6.
Two Redundant Receptor-Like Cytoplasmic Kinases Function Downstream of Pattern Recognition Receptors to Regulate Activation of SA Biosynthesis.
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PCRK1 and PCRK2 interact with FLS2 and act downstream of pattern recognition receptors in salicylic-acid biosynthesis activation.
"Both PCRK1 and PCRK2 interact with the pattern recognition receptor FLS2"
The Arabidopsis Malectin-Like/LRR-RLK IOS1 Is Critical for BAK1-Dependent and BAK1-Independent Pattern-Triggered Immunity.
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IOS1 associates with FLS2/EFR/CERK1 complexes and promotes FLS2-BAK1 complex formation upon MAMP treatment.
"IOS1 also
associated with BAK1 in a ligand-independent manner and positively regulated
FLS2-BAK1 complex formation upon MAMP treatment."
An extracellular network of Arabidopsis leucine-rich repeat receptor kinases.
STRESS INDUCED FACTOR 2 Regulates Arabidopsis Stomatal Immunity through Phosphorylation of the Anion Channel SLAC1.
Ligand-induced monoubiquitination of BIK1 regulates plant immunity.
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FLS2-BAK1 receptor complex studies support plasma membrane localization before ligand-triggered downstream BIK1 release and endocytic dynamics.
"The timing of the ligand-induced increase in BIK1-GFP puncta differed from that of FLS2-GFP, in which puncta numbers were significantly increased 35 min after flg22 treatment"
Ligand-induced monoubiquitination of BIK1 regulates plant immunity.
The shoot apical meristem regulatory peptide CLV3 does not activate innate immunity.
UniProtKB Q9FL28 sequence architecture and PANTHER classification
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UniProt places FLS2 in PTHR48056:SF83, the FLS2 subfamily of LRR receptor-like serine/threonine protein kinases.
"DR PANTHER; PTHR48056:SF83; LRR RECEPTOR-LIKE SERINE_THREONINE-PROTEIN KINASE FLS2; 1."
Cached PANTHER PTHR48056 protein entries