Research notes: S. pombe ahk1 (SPAC7D4.03c / UniProt O14260)

Summary of task

AI GO-annotation review of the understudied fission-yeast gene ahk1 (PomBase standard
name; systematic name SPAC7D4.03c; UniProt O14260, entry name YFP3_SCHPO). This is a
"dark gene": PomBase characterisation status is "biological role inferred" and all of its
functional GO annotations are transferred by orthology (ISO), not experimentally determined in
S. pombe.

Identity / naming (verified)

Domain / topology reasoning (from ahk1-uniprot.txt)

The orthology basis for the functional annotations (KEY)

Both functional GO annotations on S. pombe ahk1 are ISO (inferred from sequence orthology),
with-from SGD:S000002231:
- GO:0005078 "MAP kinase scaffold activity" — ISO, GO_REF:0000024, with SGD:S000002231.
- GO:0000165 "MAPK cascade" — ISO, PMID:26787842, with SGD:S000002231.
- PomBase ortholog_annotations lists YDL073W (S. cerevisiae AHK1) as ortholog via
InterPro:IPR013887 (the UPF0592 family), and SJAG_04503 (S. japonicus) via
PMID:21511999. PomBase orthogroup SOG_0639. (Note the curated orthologs list is empty; the
cross-species relationship is captured as an InterPro-family-based ortholog_annotation, i.e. it
is a domain-family/homology call, not a 1:1 syntenic ortholog assertion.)

S. cerevisiae AHK1 (YDL073W, SGD:S000002231) is a Verified ORF described by SGD as
"Scaffold protein in the HKR1 sub-branch of the Hog1p-signaling pathway; physically interacts with
the cytoplasmic domain of Hkr1p, and with Sho1p, Pbs2p, and Ste11p; prevents cross-talk signaling
from Hkr1p of the osmotic stress MAPK cascade to the Kss1p MAPK cascade; non-essential"
(yeastgenome.org locus S000002231).

The single primary reference (abstract-only in cache)

PMID:26787842 is entirely about the budding-yeast (S. cerevisiae) Ahk1:
- PMID:26787842
- PMID:26787842
- PMID:26787842
- PMID:26787842

This paper does NOT assay the S. pombe protein. Cache marks full_text_available: false
(abstract only). The paper is the experimental basis for the S. cerevisiae annotation that is
then transferred to S. pombe by ISO.

What phenotype data exist for S. pombe ahk1 (all from genome-wide / high-throughput screens)

17 single-locus (ahk1Δ) phenotypes are recorded in PomBase, all from systematic screens
(no gene-focused study). References and phenotype highlights:
- PMID:20473289 — genome-wide deletion set (Kim et al.). ahk1Δ viable.
- PMID:23697806 — cell-cycle/cell-shape genome-wide resource.
- PMID:28410370 — systematic screen of sexual-reproduction morphology (identifies mating/shmoo
abnormalities): abnormal shmoo morphology (FYPO:0000357), shmoo formation at cell side
(FYPO:0006011)
, promiscuous mating (FYPO:0006014).
- PMID:34250083 — chronological lifespan barcode screen: loss of viability in stationary phase
(FYPO:0000245)
(ageing-associated).
- PMID:35820914 — yeast-ageing protease study.
- PMID:37787768 — broad phenomics/machine-learning functional profiling: stress sensitivities and
resistances — sensitive to caffeine (FYPO:0000097), cycloheximide (FYPO:0000104), hydroxyurea
(FYPO:0000088), tunicamycin (FYPO:0001457), KCl+SDS (FYPO:0007924); resistant to MMS
(FYPO:0000725), vanadate (FYPO:0000830), lithium (FYPO:0001583), LiCl+SDS (FYPO:0009085),
MgCl2+SDS (FYPO:0009087).

Interpretation: the deletion phenotype fingerprint (osmotic/salt/cell-wall-stress, caffeine,
mating/shmoo abnormalities) is broadly consistent with a role in stress-responsive signaling,
which fits the orthology-based MAPK-scaffold assignment. But NONE of these screens establishes a
molecular mechanism, a direct binding partner, or a specific, non-redundant place in the Sty1/Spc1
(Hog1-like) SAPK pathway for the S. pombe protein.

KNOWN vs NOT-KNOWN

KNOWN (or well-supported):
- Fungal-only protein of the UPF0592/DUF1765 family; large (886 aa); predicted multi-pass membrane
protein with a disordered region. (UniProt, InterPro, PANTHER.)
- Non-essential (ahk1Δ viable). (PMID:20473289.)
- Deletion perturbs stress responses and sexual-reproduction morphology in genome-wide screens.
- Its S. cerevisiae homolog (AHK1/YDL073W) is an experimentally validated scaffold in the HKR1
sub-branch of the Hog1 osmostress MAPK pathway. (PMID:26787842.)

NOT KNOWN (the deliverable knowledge gaps):
- Whether S. pombe ahk1 actually functions as a MAPK scaffold, or is a scaffold at all — this is
purely an orthology transfer via the shared UPF0592 domain family (IPR013887), never tested in
S. pombe.
- Its direct binding partners in S. pombe (does it bind Sty1/Spc1, Wis1, Win1/Wak1, Sho1-like
components, or the Wsc1/Mtl2 osmosensors?). Unknown.
- Whether it has any specific, non-redundant role in the Sty1/Spc1 SAPK pathway (the pombe
osmostress core is Wis1→Sty1; there is no exact Hkr1/Kss1 cross-talk architecture in pombe, so
the budding-yeast "prevents Hkr1→Kss1 cross-talk" role may not map directly).
- Its precise molecular activity (DUF1765 has no assigned biochemical function).
- Its subcellular localization in S. pombe (membrane prediction only; not experimentally shown).

Curation reasoning for the annotation actions

Provenance sources used

Deep research note

scripts/deep_research_wrapper.py SCHPO SPAC7D4.03c falcon --fallback perplexity-lite was run in
the foreground twice; it hung (exit 124 / 550s timeout) after emitting only the
"Using SPAC7D4.03c as gene symbol" line, producing no report. Per project policy, no
-deep-research-*.md file was fabricated; this review is grounded in UniProt + GOA + PomBase +
the cached publication, all with explicit provenance above.