Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms
Annotation inferences using phylogenetic trees
Electronic Gene Ontology annotations created by transferring manual GO annotations between related proteins based on shared sequence features
Combined Automated Annotation using Multiple IEA Methods
Global regulatory logic for specification of an embryonic cell lineage.
-
ets1 is one of the four essential regulatory genes activated in the skeletogenic micromere lineage by the Pmar1/HesC double-negative gate; it is also maternally expressed and later expressed in non-skeletogenic mesoderm.
"They are four essential regulators of downstream micromere lineage function: alx1 ( 29 ), ets1 ( 9 , 33 ), tbr ( 34 , 35 ), and tel ( 9 )"
-
Ets1 provides a cross-regulatory input into alx1 and is the most common positive (A) driver of the skeletogenic differentiation gene batteries.
"the ets1 gene ( 9 ) is used in these gene batteries only as the A driver, and it is the most common of these"
-
ets1 morpholino produces a skeleton-minus phenotype and blocks ingression of the skeletogenic cells.
"both it and alx1 target genes are required for ingression of the skeletogenic cells (ref. 36 and Fig. 3 F and G )"
A missing link in the sea urchin embryo gene regulatory network: hesC and the double-negative specification of micromeres.
-
ets1 is repressed outside the micromere lineage by HesC; hesC knockdown or global pmar1 expression derepresses ets1 (with delta, alx1 and tbr) throughout the embryo, converting all cells to skeletogenic fate.
"if expression of pmar1 is forced to occur globally (by injection into the egg of the mRNA), then the delta , tbr , ets1 , alx1 , and downstream genes are transcribed in all cells of the embryo, and all cells thereby adopt skeletogenic micromere lineage fate"
A regulatory gene network that directs micromere specification in the sea urchin embryo.
-
Pmar1 (or En-Pmar1) mRNA derepresses delta and the micromere-lineage transcription factor genes (including ets1, per later citation of this paper as the ets1 source) over most of the embryo.
"the effects are derepression: of the delta gene; and of skeletogenic genes, including several transcription factors normally expressed only in micromere descendants"
Identification and developmental expression of the ets gene family in the sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus).
-
The S. purpuratus genome has one orthologue per vertebrate ets subfamily; the Ets1/Ets2 orthologue (Sp-Ets1/2) is maternally expressed and zygotically expressed exclusively in mesenchyme cells and their progenitors.
"five of the nine sea urchin ets genes expressed during embryogenesis are exclusively (Sp-Ets1/2, Sp-Erg, Sp-Ese) or additionally (Sp-Tel, Sp-Pea) expressed in mesenchyme cells and/or their progenitors"
-
Sp-Ets1/2 has an essential role in specification of the skeletogenic mesenchyme lineage.
"Functional analysis of Sp-Ets1/2 has previously demonstrated an essential role of this gene in the specification of the skeletogenic mesenchyme lineage"
cis-Regulatory control of cyclophilin, a member of the ETS-DRI skeletogenic gene battery in the sea urchin embryo.
-
Ets1 is a direct driver of the skeletogenic differentiation gene Sp-cyp1; Ets1 target sites in a 218-bp cis-regulatory module are required for expression and loss of the Ets1 input depresses reporter activity.
"elimination of either Ets1 or Dri inputs severely depresses the activity of expression constructs containing this DNA fragment; and that Ets1 and Dri target sites within the 218 bp fragment are required for normal expression. This indicates that the predicted inputs are direct."
The cis-regulatory system of the tbrain gene: Alternative use of multiple modules to promote skeletogenic expression in the sea urchin embryo.
-
Ets1/2 is a positive input into the distal module of the tbr cis-regulatory system; ets1/2 MASO reduces module activity and ets1/2 mRNA drives ectopic expression.
"a dedicated distal module utilizing positive Ets1/2 inputs contributes to definitive expression in the skeletogenic mesenchyme"
Activation of the skeletogenic gene regulatory network in the early sea urchin embryo.
-
Ets1 (and MAPK signaling) maintain, but do not initiate, alx1 expression in the skeletogenic lineage.
"this gene is regulated by MAPK signaling and by the transcription factor Ets1; however, these inputs influence only the maintenance of alx1 expression and not its activation"
A Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway is required for development of the sea urchin embryo micromere lineage through phosphorylation of the transcription factor Ets.
-
Ets1 is an ERK target; overexpression of ets1 mRNA converts extra cells to mesenchyme, and T107 phospho-site mutants are constitutively active (T107D) or inactive (T107A).
"Overexpression of ets1 by injection of synthetic mRNA in the egg caused a dramatic increase in the number of cells becoming mesenchymal at the blastula stage"
-
MAPK-dependent Ets1 activity is required for PMC specification and their epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
"the MAP kinase pathway, working through phosphorylation of Ets1, is required for full specification of the PMCs and their subsequent transition from epithelial to mesenchymal state"
HpEts, an ets-related transcription factor implicated in primary mesenchyme cell differentiation in the sea urchin embryo.
-
HpEts (Hemicentrotus ets1/2 orthologue) overexpression converts non-PMC cells to migratory PMCs and induces SM50; a dominant-negative form blocks SM50 and spicule formation.
"The overexpression of HpEts by mRNA injection into fertilized eggs alters the cell fate of non-PMC to migratory PMC"
-
The SM50 upstream region contains a functional positive ets site.
"In the upstream region of the SM50 gene there exists an ets binding site that functions as a positive cis-regulatory element"
The control of foxN2/3 expression in sea urchin embryos and its function in the skeletogenic gene regulatory network.
Genome-wide analysis of the skeletogenic gene regulatory network of sea urchins.
-
Genome-wide RNA-seq identified functional targets of Ets1 among >200 PMC effector genes.
"functional targets of Ets1 and Alx1, two pivotal, early transcription factors in the PMC GRN"
Global analysis of primary mesenchyme cell cis-regulatory modules by chromatin accessibility profiling.
-
Ets1 binding motifs are significantly enriched in PMC cis-regulatory modules.
"Binding sites for Ets1 and Alx1, two PMC-enriched transcription factors that have direct or indirect inputs into half of the known PMC effector genes in the PMC gene regulatory network [21], were found to be significantly enriched"
Functional evolution of Ets in echinoderms with focus on the evolution of echinoderm larval skeletons.
-
Ets1/2 is a central regulator of larval skeletogenic mesenchyme differentiation in sea urchins and an ancestral larval mesoderm regulator in echinoderms.
"In sea urchins, Ets1/2 plays a central role in the differentiation of larval skeletogenic mesenchyme cells"