Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms
Annotation inferences using phylogenetic trees
Gene Ontology annotation based on UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Subcellular Location vocabulary mapping, accompanied by conservative changes to GO terms applied by UniProt
Automatic transfer of experimentally verified manual GO annotation data to orthologs using Ensembl Compara
Combined Automated Annotation using Multiple IEA Methods
Differential gene expression during capillary morphogenesis in 3D collagen matrices: regulated expression of genes involved in basement membrane matrix assembly, cell cycle progression, cellular differentiation and G-protein signaling.
Human capillary morphogenesis protein 2 functions as an anthrax toxin receptor.
Binding stoichiometry and kinetics of the interaction of a human anthrax toxin receptor, CMG2, with protective antigen.
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Purified CMG2 VWA binds monomeric and heptameric protective antigen.
"We expressed
and purified the von Willebrand A (VWA) domain of CMG2 and examined its
interactions with monomeric and heptameric forms of PA."
Crystal structure of a complex between anthrax toxin and its host cell receptor.
Structure of heptameric protective antigen bound to an anthrax toxin receptor: a role for receptor in pH-dependent pore formation.
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Human CMG2 VWA directly contacts protective antigen and constrains its conversion to a membrane pore.
"The structure of the PA heptamer:CMG2 VWA domain complex was determined at 4.3 Å and reveals the CMG2 MIDAS occupied by PA D683"
cya and lef bind to pagA(197-794):ANTXR2 oligomer
Furin cleaves ANTXR2-bound pagA to yield pagA(197-794)
ANTXR2-bound pagA(197-794) forms oligomers
pagA(197-794):ANTRX2 oligomer transports cya and lef (target cell endosome to cytosol)
Endocytosis of cya:lef:(pagA(197-794):ANTXR2 oligomer) (plasma membrane to endosome membrane)
CMG2/ANTXR2 regulates extracellular collagen VI which accumulates in hyaline fibromatosis syndrome.
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Ligation is coupled to intracellular receptor phosphorylation and beta-arrestin recruitment in the tested human-cell systems.
"This binding event leads to intracellular signals such as the src-dependent phosphorylation of CMG2 cytoplasmic tail and the recruitment of β-arrestin."
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The tested receptor-domain preparation was reported to bind the triple-helical region of collagen VI.
"Thus, CMG2 is able to bind collagen VI, and more specifically its triple helical domain,"
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Human patient fibroblasts lacking functional CMG2 fail to clear added collagen VI, whereas control-cell clearance is lysosome dependent.
"Thus, HFS patient fibroblasts essentially devoid of CMG2 protein are unable to degrade collagen VI."
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The CMG2-knockdown control distinguishes collagen handling from a general failure of IgG uptake and degradation.
"Loss of CMG2 does not have a pleiotropic effect on the endocytic pathway since internalization and lysosomal degradation of mouse IgGs was unaffected by CMG2 knockdown (Supplementary Fig. 6c)."
Capillary morphogenesis gene 2 (CMG2) mediates growth factor-induced angiogenesis by regulating endothelial cell chemotaxis.
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CMG2 antagonism preferentially reduces directional movement in the tested endothelial system.
"Thus, CMG2 targeting with PASSSR alters chemotaxis with little effect on chemokinesis"
Lack of evidence for a role of anthrax toxin receptors as surface receptors for collagen VI and for its cleaved-off C5 domain/endotrophin.
CMG2 interaction with actin is required for growth factor-induced chemotaxis in endothelial cells.
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The preprint reports direct CMG2-domain binding and bundling of F-actin, pending assessment of its experimental detail.
"the conserved actin binding
domain of CMG2 directly binds to F-actin in vitro where it bundles F-actin,"
Ligand Binding to the Collagen VI Receptor Triggers a Talin-to-RhoA Switch that Regulates Receptor Endocytosis.
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Ligand binding switches the receptor cytoplasmic association from talin-linked actin to RhoA and its effectors.
"CMG2 binds talin, and thereby the actin
cytoskeleton, only in its ligand-free state. Extracellular ligand binding leads
to src-dependent talin release and recruitment of the actin cytoskeleton
regulator RhoA and its effectors."
Dynamic S-acylation controls CMG2 maturation extracellular matrix regulation and anthrax toxin susceptibility in vivo.
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In tested human cells, receptor S-acylation is required to couple ligand binding to cytoplasmic signaling.
"These findings show that CMG2 must be S-acylated for it to transduce ligand binding information into cytosolic signalling"
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CMG2 surface abundance depends on its maturation and secretory transport in the tested human-cell system.
"In control cells, CMG2 was predominantly detected at the plasma membrane, whereas ZDHHC3 knockdown caused a marked accumulation of CMG2 in the Golgi"
Mutations in capillary morphogenesis gene-2 result in the allelic disorders juvenile hyaline fibromatosis and infantile systemic hyalinosis.
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Patient fibroblasts provide evidence that disease-associated CMG2 defects disrupt cell interactions with extracellular matrix.
"analysis of fibroblasts derived from patients with JHF or ISH suggests that CMG2
mutations abrogate normal cell interactions with the extracellular matrix."
ANTXR2 primary-source research and annotation review notes