Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms
Electronic Gene Ontology annotations created by transferring manual GO annotations between related proteins based on shared sequence features
Electronic Gene Ontology annotations created by ARBA machine learning models
TreeGrafter-generated GO annotations
Combined Automated Annotation using Multiple IEA Methods
UniProt record for warts (F2U943)
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PANTHER classifies F2U943 in the Warts subfamily of PTHR24356, with human LATS1/2.
"PANTHER; PTHR24356:SF418; SERINE_THREONINE-PROTEIN KINASE WARTS; 1."
A fast and robust gene knockout method for <i>Salpingoeca rosetta</i> informs the genetics of choanoflagellate multicellular development
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warts knockout rosettes contain about twice as many cells as wild type.
"warts pac1 cells grew into giant rosettes containing about twice as many cells as wild-type ones (21.1 ± 4.4 versus 10.9 ± 3.8 cells per rosette, respectively)"
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warts knockout rosettes reach up to about 60 cells.
"as many as 60 cells, while their wild type counterparts did not exceed 25 cells"
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warts knockout rosettes have a larger, more branched ECM core.
"that ECM core appeared larger and with a more conspicuously branched geometry in warts pac1"
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warts knockout cells proliferate more slowly than wild type.
"On the other hand, hippopac1 and warts pac1 KO clones proliferated markedly slower"
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All knockout clones still develop into rosettes.
"all six KO clones reliably developed into rosettes, as did wild-type cells"
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The authors identify warts as a genetic regulator of rosette size.
"These observations pinpoint warts as a genetic regulator of S. rosetta rosette size"
A selection-based knockout approach for a choanoflagellate reveals regulation of multicellular development by Hippo signaling.
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warts knockout rosettes are larger than wild type.
"Interestingly, warts-KO rosettes were consistently larger than their wild-type counterparts."
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Warts and Yorkie regulate extracellular matrix genes, including couscous.
"RNA sequencing revealed that Warts and Yorkie regulated several extracellular matrix genes involved in multicellularity (including couscous)"
Genome editing in the unicellular holozoan Capsaspora owczarzaki suggests a premetazoan role for the Hippo pathway in multicellular morphogenesis.
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Warts/LATS phosphorylates Yorkie/YAP/TAZ on HXRXXS motifs.
"In mammals and in Drosophila, YAP/TAZ/Yorkie is regulated by cytoplasmic sequestration in response to phosphorylation of HXRXXS motifs by the LATS/Warts kinases (Zheng and Pan, 2019)."
The Hippo kinase cascade regulates a contractile cell behavior and cell density in a close unicellular relative of animals.
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The Capsaspora Hippo kinase cascade keeps the Yorkie homolog cytoplasmic.
"Together, these results show that the Capsaspora Hippo kinase cascade regulates coYki by cytoplasmic sequestration, indicating a premetazoan origin of this regulatory activity of the Hippo pathway."
Premetazoan origin of the hippo signaling pathway.
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Wts homologs are present across opisthokonts.
"Likewise, Wts homologues are present along all opisthokonts, except maybe for the ichthyosporeans, where the incompleteness of genome data makes it difficult to ensure its absence."
Assembling a Hippo: the evolutionary emergence of an animal developmental signaling pathway.
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S. rosetta Yorkie has four putative Warts phosphorylation sites.
"srYki has 4 putative Warts phosphorylation sites"
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It is unclear whether choanoflagellate Yorkie homologs bind Sd/TEAD.
"The degree to which choanoflagellate Yorkie orthologs interact with Sd/TEAD proteins is therefore currently unclear"