EGL3

Existing Annotations Review

GO Term	Evidence	Action	Reason
GO:0000976 transcription cis-regulatory region binding	IBA GO_REF:0000033	ACCEPT	Summary: IBA: bHLH-domain binding to cis-regulatory regions, inherited from the subgroup IIIf bHLH node. Reason: EGL3 has an intact bHLH DNA-binding domain and is the redundant paralog of GL3, whose promoter occupancy at MBW targets (CPC, ETC1, TTG2) was shown by ChIP. Nothing indicates loss of DNA binding in EGL3, so the PAINT node placement is reasonable. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17885086 we show that EGL3 shares some direct targets with GL3 PMID:19247443 the ChIP-chip experiments identified TTG2, CPC and ETC1 as targets for GL3, and TRY for GL1 file:ARATH/EGL3/EGL3-deep-research-falcon.md chromatin immunoprecipitation detected EGL3 at the GL2 promoter
GO:0003700 DNA-binding transcription factor activity	ISS PMID:11118137 Arabidopsis transcription factors: genome-wide comparative a...	ACCEPT	Summary: ISS from the genome-wide transcription factor survey; EGL3 is a bHLH transcription factor. Reason: Sequence-based assignment is consistent with experimental data showing EGL3 acts as the bHLH component of MBW transcriptional complexes required for GL2 and CPC transcription. Supporting Evidence: PMID:11118137 Arabidopsis dedicates over 5% of its genome to code for more than 1500 transcription factors PMID:14627722 these genes are required for appropriate transcription of the non-hair specification gene GL2 and the hair cell specification gene CPC
GO:0003700 DNA-binding transcription factor activity	ISS PMID:12679534 The basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor family in pl...	ACCEPT	Summary: ISS from the bHLH family survey (EGL3 = AtbHLH2, subgroup IIIf). Reason: Family classification plus functional data support DNA-binding transcription factor activity. Supporting Evidence: PMID:12679534 we have determined that there are 133 bHLH genes in Arabidopsis thaliana
GO:0003700 DNA-binding transcription factor activity	ISS PMID:12917293 A network of redundant bHLH proteins functions in all TTG1-d...	ACCEPT	Summary: ISS in the paper that identified EGL3 as a GL3-redundant bHLH protein. Reason: EGL3 encodes a bHLH protein acting redundantly with GL3 in all TTG1-dependent pathways. Supporting Evidence: PMID:12917293 When mutated, egl3 gives totally glabrous plants only in the gl3 mutant background.
GO:0005515 protein binding	IPI PMID:12917293 A network of redundant bHLH proteins functions in all TTG1-d...	REMOVE	Summary: Y2H interaction of EGL3 with the R3 MYB inhibitor CPC. Reason: Removal does not dispute the interaction. CPC is a single-repeat R3 MYB with no demonstrated DNA binding (see the CPC review, where GO:0003700 is replaced and GO:0000976 is marked as over-annotated), so DNA-binding transcription factor binding would misdescribe the partner. As with the DELLA and BIN2 rows, CPC binding is a repressive regulatory input on EGL3 that sequesters it from R2R3 MYB activators; it is not an EGL3 molecular function. The informative annotation for this interaction lives on CPC as transcription regulator inhibitor activity (GO:0140416). Supporting Evidence: PMID:12917293 Yeast two-hybrid and plant overexpression studies show that EGL3, like GL3, interacts with TTG1, the myb proteins GL1, PAP1 and 2, CPC and TRY, and it will form heterodimers with GL3.
GO:0005515 protein binding	IPI PMID:12917293 A network of redundant bHLH proteins functions in all TTG1-d...	MODIFY	Summary: Y2H interaction of EGL3 with the anthocyanin R2R3 MYB PAP1/MYB75. Reason: Protein binding is uninformative. The partner is a MYB-family transcription factor, and EGL3's binding to MYB partners is the molecular basis of MBW complex assembly (and of competition by R3 MYB inhibitors), so the evidence-backed, more informative term is DNA-binding transcription factor binding. Proposed replacements: DNA-binding transcription factor binding Supporting Evidence: PMID:12917293 Yeast two-hybrid and plant overexpression studies show that EGL3, like GL3, interacts with TTG1, the myb proteins GL1, PAP1 and 2, CPC and TRY, and it will form heterodimers with GL3.
GO:0005515 protein binding	IPI PMID:12917293 A network of redundant bHLH proteins functions in all TTG1-d...	MODIFY	Summary: Y2H interaction of EGL3 with the anthocyanin R2R3 MYB PAP2/MYB90. Reason: Protein binding is uninformative. The partner is a MYB-family transcription factor, and EGL3's binding to MYB partners is the molecular basis of MBW complex assembly (and of competition by R3 MYB inhibitors), so the evidence-backed, more informative term is DNA-binding transcription factor binding. Proposed replacements: DNA-binding transcription factor binding Supporting Evidence: PMID:12917293 Yeast two-hybrid and plant overexpression studies show that EGL3, like GL3, interacts with TTG1, the myb proteins GL1, PAP1 and 2, CPC and TRY, and it will form heterodimers with GL3.
GO:0005515 protein binding	IPI PMID:14627722 The bHLH genes GLABRA3 (GL3) and ENHANCER OF GLABRA3 (EGL3) ...	REMOVE	Summary: Y2H interaction of EGL3 with CPC in the root epidermal patterning study. Reason: Removal does not dispute the interaction. CPC is a single-repeat R3 MYB with no demonstrated DNA binding (see the CPC review, where GO:0003700 is replaced and GO:0000976 is marked as over-annotated), so DNA-binding transcription factor binding would misdescribe the partner. As with the DELLA and BIN2 rows, CPC binding is a repressive regulatory input on EGL3 that sequesters it from R2R3 MYB activators; it is not an EGL3 molecular function. The informative annotation for this interaction lives on CPC as transcription regulator inhibitor activity (GO:0140416). Supporting Evidence: PMID:14627722 they physically interact with WER and CPC in the yeast two-hybrid assay
GO:0005515 protein binding	IPI PMID:14627722 The bHLH genes GLABRA3 (GL3) and ENHANCER OF GLABRA3 (EGL3) ...	MODIFY	Summary: Y2H interaction of EGL3 with the root R2R3 MYB WEREWOLF. Reason: Protein binding is uninformative. The partner is a MYB-family transcription factor, and EGL3's binding to MYB partners is the molecular basis of MBW complex assembly (and of competition by R3 MYB inhibitors), so the evidence-backed, more informative term is DNA-binding transcription factor binding. Proposed replacements: DNA-binding transcription factor binding Supporting Evidence: PMID:14627722 they physically interact with WER and CPC in the yeast two-hybrid assay
GO:0005515 protein binding	IPI PMID:15361138 Comprehensive identification of Arabidopsis thaliana MYB tra...	REMOVE	Summary: Systematic MYB-bHLH interaction screen including EGL3 with CPC. Reason: Removal does not dispute the interaction. CPC is a single-repeat R3 MYB with no demonstrated DNA binding (see the CPC review, where GO:0003700 is replaced and GO:0000976 is marked as over-annotated), so DNA-binding transcription factor binding would misdescribe the partner. As with the DELLA and BIN2 rows, CPC binding is a repressive regulatory input on EGL3 that sequesters it from R2R3 MYB activators; it is not an EGL3 molecular function. The informative annotation for this interaction lives on CPC as transcription regulator inhibitor activity (GO:0140416). The cached PMID:15361138 record is abstract-only (it states the shared R3 interaction signature but names no pairs), so the per-pair interaction data are in the full text, which we defer to the curator on. Supporting Evidence: PMID:15361138 as the structural basis for interaction between MYB and R/B-like BHLH proteins
GO:0005515 protein binding	IPI PMID:15361138 Comprehensive identification of Arabidopsis thaliana MYB tra...	MODIFY	Summary: Systematic MYB-bHLH interaction screen including EGL3 with PAP1. Reason: Protein binding is uninformative. The partner is a MYB-family transcription factor, and EGL3's binding to MYB partners is the molecular basis of MBW complex assembly (and of competition by R3 MYB inhibitors), so the evidence-backed, more informative term is DNA-binding transcription factor binding. The cached PMID:15361138 record is abstract-only (it states the shared R3 interaction signature but names no pairs), so the per-pair interaction data are in the full text, which we defer to the curator on. Proposed replacements: DNA-binding transcription factor binding Supporting Evidence: PMID:15361138 as the structural basis for interaction between MYB and R/B-like BHLH proteins
GO:0005515 protein binding	IPI PMID:15361138 Comprehensive identification of Arabidopsis thaliana MYB tra...	MODIFY	Summary: Systematic MYB-bHLH interaction screen including EGL3 with WER. Reason: Protein binding is uninformative. The partner is a MYB-family transcription factor, and EGL3's binding to MYB partners is the molecular basis of MBW complex assembly (and of competition by R3 MYB inhibitors), so the evidence-backed, more informative term is DNA-binding transcription factor binding. The cached PMID:15361138 record is abstract-only (it states the shared R3 interaction signature but names no pairs), so the per-pair interaction data are in the full text, which we defer to the curator on. Proposed replacements: DNA-binding transcription factor binding Supporting Evidence: PMID:15361138 as the structural basis for interaction between MYB and R/B-like BHLH proteins
GO:0005515 protein binding	IPI PMID:15361138 Comprehensive identification of Arabidopsis thaliana MYB tra...	MODIFY	Summary: Systematic MYB-bHLH interaction screen including EGL3 with PAP2. Reason: Protein binding is uninformative. The partner is a MYB-family transcription factor, and EGL3's binding to MYB partners is the molecular basis of MBW complex assembly (and of competition by R3 MYB inhibitors), so the evidence-backed, more informative term is DNA-binding transcription factor binding. The cached PMID:15361138 record is abstract-only (it states the shared R3 interaction signature but names no pairs), so the per-pair interaction data are in the full text, which we defer to the curator on. Proposed replacements: DNA-binding transcription factor binding Supporting Evidence: PMID:15361138 as the structural basis for interaction between MYB and R/B-like BHLH proteins
GO:0005515 protein binding	IPI PMID:17644729 Functional analysis of the epidermal-specific MYB genes CAPR...	MODIFY	Summary: Y2H interaction of EGL3 with WER and WER/CPC chimeras. Reason: Protein binding is uninformative. The partner is a MYB-family transcription factor, and EGL3's binding to MYB partners is the molecular basis of MBW complex assembly (and of competition by R3 MYB inhibitors), so the evidence-backed, more informative term is DNA-binding transcription factor binding. Proposed replacements: DNA-binding transcription factor binding Supporting Evidence: PMID:17644729 All of the WER and CPC chimera proteins interact with GL3/EGL3.
GO:0005515 protein binding	IPI PMID:24659329 Arabidopsis DELLA and JAZ proteins bind the WD-repeat/bHLH/M...	REMOVE	Summary: EGL3 binds the DELLA protein RGA (AT2G01570). Reason: Removal does not dispute the interaction. DELLA binding is a regulatory input that represses EGL3 activity in gibberellin control of trichome initiation; protein binding is uninformative for EGL3's own function. Supporting Evidence: PMID:24659329 DELLAs and JAZs interact with bHLH factors (EGL3 and GL3) and MYB factor (GL1), essential components of the WD-repeat/bHLH/MYB complex, to repress their transcription activity
GO:0005515 protein binding	IPI PMID:24659329 Arabidopsis DELLA and JAZ proteins bind the WD-repeat/bHLH/M...	REMOVE	Summary: EGL3 binds the DELLA protein RGL2 (AT3G03450). Reason: Removal does not dispute the interaction. DELLA binding is a regulatory input that represses EGL3 activity; protein binding is uninformative for EGL3's own function. Supporting Evidence: PMID:24659329 DELLAs and JAZs interact with bHLH factors (EGL3 and GL3) and MYB factor (GL1), essential components of the WD-repeat/bHLH/MYB complex, to repress their transcription activity
GO:0005515 protein binding	IPI PMID:24771765 Brassinosteroids control root epidermal cell fate via direct...	REMOVE	Summary: EGL3 binds and is phosphorylated by the GSK3-like kinase BIN2 (AT4G18710). Reason: Removal does not dispute the interaction. EGL3 is a kinase substrate here; the binding records a regulatory input from brassinosteroid signaling, not an EGL3 molecular function. Supporting Evidence: PMID:24771765 BIN2, one of the GSK3-like kinases, interacted with and phosphorylated EGL3 on T399 and T209/T213, leading to its trafficking from nucleus to cytosol in H cells
GO:0005634 nucleus	IBA GO_REF:0000033	ACCEPT	Summary: IBA nucleus for the subgroup IIIf bHLH clade. Reason: Consistent with nuclear interaction of EGL3 with WER in plant cells and with the nuclear role of MBW complexes. Supporting Evidence: PMID:21914815 WER interacts with these bHLHs in plant cells
GO:0005634 nucleus	IDA PMID:21914815 Cell fate in the Arabidopsis root epidermis is determined by...	ACCEPT	Summary: IDA: EGL3 interacts with WER in plant cells (nuclear signal). Reason: Experimental localization from the WER/CPC competition study; full text not cached, but the abstract confirms in-plant interaction and nuclear localization is expected for a bHLH transcription factor. Supporting Evidence: PMID:21914815 WER interacts with these bHLHs in plant cells
GO:0005634 nucleus	IEA GO_REF:0000120	ACCEPT	Summary: IEA (ARBA/UniProt subcellular location) nucleus. Reason: Consistent with experimental data. Supporting Evidence: PMID:21914815 WER interacts with these bHLHs in plant cells
GO:0005634 nucleus	ISM GO_REF:0000122	ACCEPT	Summary: ISM (AtSubP) nucleus prediction. Reason: Consistent with experimental data. Supporting Evidence: PMID:21914815 WER interacts with these bHLHs in plant cells
GO:0006355 regulation of DNA-templated transcription	TAS PMID:11118137 Arabidopsis transcription factors: genome-wide comparative a...	ACCEPT	Summary: TAS regulation of transcription from the genome-wide TF survey. Reason: EGL3 is required for transcription of GL2 and CPC in the root epidermis; general term is correct. Supporting Evidence: PMID:14627722 these genes are required for appropriate transcription of the non-hair specification gene GL2 and the hair cell specification gene CPC
GO:0009867 jasmonic acid mediated signaling pathway	IBA GO_REF:0000033	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: IBA jasmonic acid signaling, shared by GL3/EGL3 node. Reason: EGL3 is a direct target of JAZ repressors and is needed for JA-induced trichome initiation, so it acts as a downstream transcriptional effector of JA signaling. This is a hormonal input to the MBW module rather than EGL3's core developmental role. Supporting Evidence: PMID:21551388 JAZ proteins interact with bHLH (Transparent Testa8, Glabra3 [GL3], and Enhancer of Glabra3 [EGL3]) and R2R3 MYB transcription factors (MYB75 and Glabra1), essential components of WD-repeat/bHLH/MYB transcriptional complexes, to repress JA-regulated anthocyanin accumulation and trichome initiation.
GO:0009867 jasmonic acid mediated signaling pathway	IEA GO_REF:0000117	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: IEA (ARBA) jasmonic acid signaling. Reason: As for the IBA row; supported by JAZ-EGL3 interaction and gl3 egl3 JA response defects. Supporting Evidence: PMID:21551388 we also noticed that the JA-induced trichome initiation was disrupted in gl1 and the gl3 egl3 double mutant.
GO:0009867 jasmonic acid mediated signaling pathway	IMP PMID:21551388 The Jasmonate-ZIM-domain proteins interact with the WD-Repea...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: IMP: gl3 egl3 double mutant is defective in JA-induced trichome initiation and anthocyanin accumulation. Reason: Experimental evidence for EGL3 as a JA-responsive effector; non-core relative to epidermal fate specification. Supporting Evidence: PMID:21551388 we also noticed that the JA-induced trichome initiation was disrupted in gl1 and the gl3 egl3 double mutant.
GO:0010026 trichome differentiation	IBA GO_REF:0000033	ACCEPT	Summary: IBA trichome differentiation for the GL3/EGL3/TT8 bHLH clade. Reason: gl3 egl3 plants are glabrous; EGL3 is a bona fide component of the trichome-promoting MBW complex. Supporting Evidence: PMID:12917293 When mutated, egl3 gives totally glabrous plants only in the gl3 mutant background.
GO:0010026 trichome differentiation	IEA GO_REF:0000117	ACCEPT	Summary: IEA (ARBA) trichome differentiation. Reason: Consistent with genetic evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:12917293 When mutated, egl3 gives totally glabrous plants only in the gl3 mutant background.
GO:0010026 trichome differentiation	IMP PMID:21551388 The Jasmonate-ZIM-domain proteins interact with the WD-Repea...	ACCEPT	Summary: IMP trichome differentiation (gl3 egl3 in the JAZ study). Reason: Mutant data from multiple studies support EGL3 in trichome formation. Supporting Evidence: PMID:21551388 we also noticed that the JA-induced trichome initiation was disrupted in gl1 and the gl3 egl3 double mutant.
GO:0046983 protein dimerization activity	IEA GO_REF:0000002	ACCEPT	Summary: IEA protein dimerization activity from the bHLH domain InterPro mapping. Reason: EGL3 forms heterodimers with GL3; bHLH dimerization is intrinsic to its DNA-binding mechanism. Supporting Evidence: PMID:12917293 Yeast two-hybrid and plant overexpression studies show that EGL3, like GL3, interacts with TTG1, the myb proteins GL1, PAP1 and 2, CPC and TRY, and it will form heterodimers with GL3.
GO:0090628 plant epidermal cell fate specification	IBA GO_REF:0000033	ACCEPT	Summary: IBA plant epidermal cell fate specification. Reason: EGL3 with GL3 specifies trichome fate in the shoot and non-hair fate in the root epidermis. Supporting Evidence: PMID:14627722 Plants homozygous for mutations in both genes fail to specify the non-hair cell type, whereas plants overexpressing either gene produce ectopic non-hair cells.
GO:0090628 plant epidermal cell fate specification	IEA GO_REF:0000117	ACCEPT	Summary: IEA (ARBA) plant epidermal cell fate specification. Reason: Consistent with experimental data. Supporting Evidence: PMID:14627722 Plants homozygous for mutations in both genes fail to specify the non-hair cell type, whereas plants overexpressing either gene produce ectopic non-hair cells.
GO:0090628 plant epidermal cell fate specification	IMP PMID:12917293 A network of redundant bHLH proteins functions in all TTG1-d...	ACCEPT	Summary: IMP: gl3 egl3 double mutant lacks trichomes and has ttg1-like epidermal defects. Reason: Core developmental role of EGL3. Supporting Evidence: PMID:12917293 The double bHLH mutant, gl3 egl3, has a pleiotropic phenotype like ttg1 having defective anthocyanin production, seed coat mucilage production, and position-dependent root hair spacing.

Gene Description

Existing Annotations Review

Core Functions

bHLH DNA-binding transcription factor partner (redundant with GL3) in MYB-bHLH-WD40 complexes; with GL1 and TTG1 it specifies leaf trichome fate, and with WER and TTG1 it specifies root non-hair fate. R3 MYB inhibitors (CPC, TRY) bind EGL3 and compete with the R2R3-MYB activators.

References

Suggested Questions for Experts

Suggested Experiments

Deep Research

Falcon

📚 Additional Documentation

Notes

📄 View Raw YAML