FIE (FERTILIZATION-INDEPENDENT ENDOSPERM) is the single Arabidopsis homolog of Drosophila Extra sex combs (ESC/EED), a WD40-repeat propeller protein that is a core subunit of all plant Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 variants. It partners with the E(z) methyltransferases MEA, CLF or SWN, the Su(z)12 homologs FIS2, EMF2 or VRN2, and MSI1. In the female gametophyte, FIS-PRC2 (MEA-FIS2-FIE-MSI1) represses central-cell proliferation before fertilization and controls endosperm development and imprinting. In the sporophyte, FIE-containing PRC2 complexes repress flowering and floral homeotic genes from embryo and seedling stages onward. FIE is also part of the cold-formed PHD-PRC2 that nucleates H3K27me3 at FLC during vernalization.
| GO Term | Evidence | Action | Reason |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0000122 negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Summary: Negative regulation of Pol II transcription inherited from ESC/EED-family PRC2 subunits. Propagation Review Root cause: NO FAILURE CORE Sources checked: MGI:MGI:95286 SUPPORTS TRANSFER Eed donor; PRC2 repression of Pol II genes is conserved. |
| GO:0001222 transcription corepressor binding | IPI PMID:28825728 Cis and trans determinants of epigenetic silencing by Polyco... | MODIFY | Summary: GOA records FIE binding to the MADS-box TF AGAMOUS (AT4G18960) in a study of PRC2 recruitment by PRE-binding TFs. Reason: The partner given in GOA is a DNA-binding TF, not a corepressor. Proposed replacements: DNA-binding transcription factor binding Supporting Evidence: PMID:28825728 We identify transcription factor families that bind to these PREs, colocalize with PRC2 on chromatin, physically interact with and recruit PRC2, and are required for PRC2-mediated gene silencing in vivo. |
| GO:0003700 DNA-binding transcription factor activity | ISS PMID:11118137 Arabidopsis transcription factors: genome-wide comparative a... | REMOVE | Summary: FIE was listed as a DNA-binding transcription factor in a genome-wide catalog. Reason: FIE is a WD40-repeat ESC homolog and PRC2 core subunit with no DNA-binding domain. No evidence supports TF activity. Supporting Evidence: PMID:11148284 The FERTILIZATION-INDEPENDENT ENDOSPERM (FIE) and MEDEA (MEA) genes encode WD and SET domain polycomb proteins, respectively. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:10962025 Expression and parent-of-origin effects for FIS2, MEA, and F... | REMOVE | Summary: Interaction of FIE with MEA (yeast two-hybrid). Reason: GO:0005515 protein binding is uninformative. FIE is the WD40 (ESC-type) core subunit of every plant PRC2, and these interactions reflect complex assembly, which the complex annotations capture. Removing the generic term does not mean the interaction is false. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:11114524 Interaction of the Arabidopsis polycomb group proteins FIE a... | REMOVE | Summary: Interaction of FIE with MEA (yeast two-hybrid and pull-down). Reason: GO:0005515 protein binding is uninformative. FIE is the WD40 (ESC-type) core subunit of every plant PRC2, and these interactions reflect complex assembly, which the complex annotations capture. Removing the generic term does not mean the interaction is false. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:11148284 Mutations in the FIE and MEA genes that encode interacting p... | REMOVE | Summary: Interaction of FIE with MEA. Reason: GO:0005515 protein binding is uninformative. FIE is the WD40 (ESC-type) core subunit of every plant PRC2, and these interactions reflect complex assembly, which the complex annotations capture. Removing the generic term does not mean the interaction is false. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:12970192 Arabidopsis MSI1 is a component of the MEA/FIE Polycomb grou... | REMOVE | Summary: Interaction of FIE with MSI1. Reason: GO:0005515 protein binding is uninformative. FIE is the WD40 (ESC-type) core subunit of every plant PRC2, and these interactions reflect complex assembly, which the complex annotations capture. Removing the generic term does not mean the interaction is false. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:12970192 Arabidopsis MSI1 is a component of the MEA/FIE Polycomb grou... | REMOVE | Summary: Interaction of FIE with MEA. Reason: GO:0005515 protein binding is uninformative. FIE is the WD40 (ESC-type) core subunit of every plant PRC2, and these interactions reflect complex assembly, which the complex annotations capture. Removing the generic term does not mean the interaction is false. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:14871310 FIE and CURLY LEAF polycomb proteins interact in the regulat... | REMOVE | Summary: Interaction of FIE with CLF. Reason: GO:0005515 protein binding is uninformative. FIE is the WD40 (ESC-type) core subunit of every plant PRC2, and these interactions reflect complex assembly, which the complex annotations capture. Removing the generic term does not mean the interaction is false. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:15221456 Interaction of FIE, a polycomb protein, with pRb: a possible... | REMOVE | Summary: Interaction of FIE with RBR1 (retinoblastoma-related, in vitro). Reason: GO:0005515 protein binding is uninformative. FIE is the WD40 (ESC-type) core subunit of every plant PRC2, and these interactions reflect complex assembly, which the complex annotations capture. Removing the generic term does not mean the interaction is false. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:15456723 Interaction of Polycomb-group proteins controlling flowering... | REMOVE | Summary: Interaction of FIE with MEA. Reason: GO:0005515 protein binding is uninformative. FIE is the WD40 (ESC-type) core subunit of every plant PRC2, and these interactions reflect complex assembly, which the complex annotations capture. Removing the generic term does not mean the interaction is false. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:15456723 Interaction of Polycomb-group proteins controlling flowering... | REMOVE | Summary: Interaction of FIE with CLF. Reason: GO:0005515 protein binding is uninformative. FIE is the WD40 (ESC-type) core subunit of every plant PRC2, and these interactions reflect complex assembly, which the complex annotations capture. Removing the generic term does not mean the interaction is false. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:15469499 Detection of protein-protein interactions in plants using bi... | REMOVE | Summary: Interaction of FIE with MEA (BiFC method paper). Reason: GO:0005515 protein binding is uninformative. FIE is the WD40 (ESC-type) core subunit of every plant PRC2, and these interactions reflect complex assembly, which the complex annotations capture. Removing the generic term does not mean the interaction is false. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:16983073 The Arabidopsis thaliana vernalization response requires a p... | REMOVE | Summary: Interaction of FIE with VRN2. Reason: GO:0005515 protein binding is uninformative. FIE is the WD40 (ESC-type) core subunit of every plant PRC2, and these interactions reflect complex assembly, which the complex annotations capture. Removing the generic term does not mean the interaction is false. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:18812497 Sexual and apomictic seed formation in Hieracium requires th... | REMOVE | Summary: Interaction of FIE with MSI1 (Hieracium FIE study). Reason: GO:0005515 protein binding is uninformative. FIE is the WD40 (ESC-type) core subunit of every plant PRC2, and these interactions reflect complex assembly, which the complex annotations capture. Removing the generic term does not mean the interaction is false. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:18812497 Sexual and apomictic seed formation in Hieracium requires th... | REMOVE | Summary: Interaction of FIE with MEA (Hieracium FIE study). Reason: GO:0005515 protein binding is uninformative. FIE is the WD40 (ESC-type) core subunit of every plant PRC2, and these interactions reflect complex assembly, which the complex annotations capture. Removing the generic term does not mean the interaction is false. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:18812497 Sexual and apomictic seed formation in Hieracium requires th... | REMOVE | Summary: Interaction of FIE with CLF (Hieracium FIE study). Reason: GO:0005515 protein binding is uninformative. FIE is the WD40 (ESC-type) core subunit of every plant PRC2, and these interactions reflect complex assembly, which the complex annotations capture. Removing the generic term does not mean the interaction is false. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:18812497 Sexual and apomictic seed formation in Hieracium requires th... | REMOVE | Summary: Interaction of FIE with RBR1 (Hieracium FIE study). Reason: GO:0005515 protein binding is uninformative. FIE is the WD40 (ESC-type) core subunit of every plant PRC2, and these interactions reflect complex assembly, which the complex annotations capture. Removing the generic term does not mean the interaction is false. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:23778966 Arabidopsis MSI1 connects LHP1 to PRC2 complexes. | REMOVE | Summary: Interaction of FIE with MSI1. Reason: GO:0005515 protein binding is uninformative. FIE is the WD40 (ESC-type) core subunit of every plant PRC2, and these interactions reflect complex assembly, which the complex annotations capture. Removing the generic term does not mean the interaction is false. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:26642436 Kicking against the PRCs - A Domesticated Transposase Antago... | REMOVE | Summary: Interaction of FIE with ALP1. Reason: GO:0005515 protein binding is uninformative. FIE is the WD40 (ESC-type) core subunit of every plant PRC2, and these interactions reflect complex assembly, which the complex annotations capture. Removing the generic term does not mean the interaction is false. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:41130979 A pair of readers of histone H3K4 methylation recruit Polyco... | REMOVE | Summary: Interaction of FIE with ING2. Reason: GO:0005515 protein binding is uninformative. FIE is the WD40 (ESC-type) core subunit of every plant PRC2, and these interactions reflect complex assembly, which the complex annotations capture. Removing the generic term does not mean the interaction is false. |
| GO:0005634 nucleus | IEA GO_REF:0000044 | ACCEPT | Summary: Nuclear localization from UniProt; consistent with FIE nuclear localization. |
| GO:0005634 nucleus | ISM GO_REF:0000122 | ACCEPT | Summary: AtSubP nuclear prediction. |
| GO:0005677 chromatin silencing complex | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Summary: Chromatin silencing complex for the ESC family; FIE is an experimental descendant. Propagation Review Root cause: NO FAILURE CORE Sources checked: AGI_LocusCode:AT3G20740 SUPPORTS TRANSFER FIE itself grounds this IBD. Supporting Evidence: PMID:18854416 during prolonged cold a PHD-PRC2 complex forms composed of core PRC2 components (VRN2, SWINGER ... FIE ... MSI1 ... and three related PHD finger proteins, VRN5, VIN3, and VEL1. |
| GO:0005677 chromatin silencing complex | IDA PMID:18854416 A PHD-polycomb repressive complex 2 triggers the epigenetic ... | ACCEPT | Summary: FIE is a core subunit of purified PHD-PRC2. Supporting Evidence: PMID:18854416 during prolonged cold a PHD-PRC2 complex forms composed of core PRC2 components (VRN2, SWINGER ... FIE ... MSI1 ... and three related PHD finger proteins, VRN5, VIN3, and VEL1. |
| GO:0009409 response to cold | IEP PMID:16983073 The Arabidopsis thaliana vernalization response requires a p... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: The VRN2/VIN3/FIE complex increases in abundance during cold. Reason: This reflects complex abundance, driven mainly by VIN3 induction, rather than induction of FIE. Supporting Evidence: PMID:16983073 The abundance of the complex increases during vernalization and declines after plants are returned to higher temperatures, consistent with the complex having a role in establishing FLC repression. |
| GO:0009910 negative regulation of flower development | IMP PMID:11698668 Polycomb repression of flowering during early plant developm... | ACCEPT | Summary: fie seedlings produce flower-like structures; PcG represses flowering early in life. Supporting Evidence: PMID:11698668 We found that mutations in the Fertilization Independent Endosperm (FIE) polycomb gene caused the seedling shoot to produce flower-like structures and organs. |
| GO:0010048 vernalization response | IMP PMID:16983073 The Arabidopsis thaliana vernalization response requires a p... | ACCEPT | Summary: Vernalization requires PRC2 homologs including FIE. Supporting Evidence: PMID:16983073 We demonstrate that the repression of FLC by vernalization requires homologues of other Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 proteins and VRN2. |
| GO:0031491 nucleosome binding | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Summary: Contributes to nucleosome binding of PRC2 (ESC/EED-family WD40 subunit). Propagation Review Root cause: NO FAILURE CORE Sources checked: FB:FBgn0000588 SUPPORTS TRANSFER Drosophila esc donor; the ESC WD40 propeller contributes to PRC2-nucleosome engagement. |
| GO:0031507 heterochromatin formation | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Summary: Heterochromatin formation (Polycomb facultative) for ESC-family subunits. Propagation Review Root cause: NO FAILURE CORE Sources checked: FB:FBgn0000588 SUPPORTS TRANSFER Drosophila esc donor. |
| GO:0040029 epigenetic regulation of gene expression | IEA GO_REF:0000117 | ACCEPT | Summary: Epigenetic regulation of gene expression; correct. |
| GO:0043078 polar nucleus | IDA PMID:10962025 Expression and parent-of-origin effects for FIS2, MEA, and F... | ACCEPT | Summary: FIE-GUS protein is present in polar nuclei of the embryo sac and in many tissues. Supporting Evidence: PMID:10962025 FIEGUS protein is found in many tissues, including the prepollination embryo sac |
| GO:0045815 transcription initiation-coupled chromatin remodeling | IMP PMID:16527743 Polycomb group complexes self-regulate imprinting of the Pol... | MODIFY | Summary: Vegetative PcG complexes keep MEDEA silenced by histone methylation. Reason: Transcription initiation-coupled chromatin remodeling does not fit Polycomb repression. The supported process is epigenetic silencing. Proposed replacements: negative regulation of gene expression, epigenetic Supporting Evidence: PMID:16527743 We show that Pc-G complexes maintain MEA transcription silenced throughout vegetative life and male gametogenesis. |
| GO:0141044 epigenetic programming in the endosperm | IMP PMID:16527743 Polycomb group complexes self-regulate imprinting of the Pol... | ACCEPT | Summary: FIE-containing PRC2 controls MEA imprinting in endosperm. Supporting Evidence: PMID:16527743 We show that Pc-G complexes maintain MEA transcription silenced throughout vegetative life and male gametogenesis. |
| GO:2000014 regulation of endosperm development | IMP PMID:11090224 Hypomethylation promotes autonomous endosperm development an... | ACCEPT | Summary: fie central cells proliferate without fertilization; FIS-PRC2 represses endosperm development. Supporting Evidence: PMID:11090224 but in the fie-1 mutant of Arabidopsis, the central cell can proliferate autonomously. PMID:11148284 In the absence of fertilization, a female gametophyte with a loss-of-function fie or mea allele initiates endosperm development without fertilization. |
| GO:0035098 ESC/E(Z) complex | IDA PMID:26642436 Kicking against the PRCs - A Domesticated Transposase Antago... | NEW | Summary: FIE co-purifies with CLF, EMF2/VRN2 and MSI1 in vivo as the ESC subunit of PRC2. Reason: More specific than chromatin silencing complex. Supporting Evidence: PMID:26642436 Using tagged CLF we identified EMF2 and VRN2 ... confirming that CLF occurs in both VRN2-PRC2 and EMF2-PRC2 complexes in vivo. |
Loading supporting content…
Download this section (compressed HTML)Q: Does FIE, like animal EED, bind H3K27me3 to allosterically stimulate plant PRC2 and support H3K27me3 spreading at FLC?
Loading supporting content…
Download this section (compressed HTML)Loading supporting content…
Download this section (compressed HTML)