| Substrate | Phosphorylation site(s) by CDK16 | Cellular location affected | Functional consequence of phosphorylation | Biological process regulated |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PRC1 (Protein Regulator of Cytokinesis 1) | Thr481 | PRC1 localization shifts away from nuclear retention and toward mitotic spindle/spindle midzone-associated localization during mitosis | Promotes PRC1 phosphorylation, supports proper spindle formation, and enables cell proliferation; phospho-mimetic PRC1 partly rescues proliferation defects caused by CDK16 loss (pqac-00000008, pqac-00000012, pqac-00000013) | Mitotic spindle organization, G2/M progression, cytokinesis, tumor cell proliferation (pqac-00000008, pqac-00000012, pqac-00000013) |
| WIPI2B | Ser395 | Colocalized with CDK16 at autophagosomes in primary neurons; affects WIPI2B puncta formation at autophagic membranes | Direct phosphorylation of WIPI2B by CDK16 modulates WIPI2B function and reduces autophagosome biogenesis when CDK16 activity is elevated (pqac-00000009, pqac-00000010) | Neuronal autophagosome biogenesis, autophagy regulation (pqac-00000009, pqac-00000010) |
| Rb (retinoblastoma protein) | Specific residue(s) not stated in available context | Functionally linked to Rb pathway activity; phosphorylation status measured in whole-cell analyses after CDK16 perturbation | CDK16 promotes Rb phosphorylation; CDK16 inhibition or knockdown reduces p-Rb and downregulates E2F target genes, supporting cell-cycle progression (pqac-00000012) | Rb-E2F signaling, G1/S transition, cell-cycle progression (pqac-00000012) |
| p53 | Ser315 | Reduces nuclear localization of p53 | Phosphorylation at Ser315 prevents p53 nuclear localization and promotes p53 degradation, thereby favoring survival and proliferation (pqac-00000013) | p53 signaling, cell proliferation, survival, radioresistance (pqac-00000013) |
| p27Kip1 | Ser10 | Affects p27 protein stability rather than a specific compartment in the available context | Phosphorylation destabilizes p27Kip1, relieving cell-cycle inhibition and promoting progression through the cell cycle (pqac-00000013) | Cell-cycle progression, proliferation control (pqac-00000013) |


*Table: This table summarizes experimentally supported or review-synthesized CDK16 substrates and the known phosphorylation-linked effects on localization, function, and biological processes. It is useful for distinguishing well-supported direct substrates such as PRC1 and WIPI2B from pathway-level targets like Rb where the exact phosphosite was not specified in the available context.*