sult1st2 encodes zebrafish cytosolic sulfotransferase 2, a SULT1-family enzyme that uses PAPS to sulfate endogenous and xenobiotic substrates including hydroxychlorobiphenyls, thyroid hormones, estrone, and DOPA. It acts as an aryl/estrone sulfotransferase in the cytoplasm, contributing to xenobiotic metabolism and estrogen metabolism.
| GO Term | Evidence | Action | Reason |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0051923 sulfation | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Summary: sulfation (GO:0051923) is supported for Sult1st2. Falcon deep research confirms PAPS-dependent sulfonyl-group transfer as the core reaction. Reason: Sult1st2 catalyzes sulfate conjugation using PAPS. Supporting Evidence: file:DANRE/sult1st2/sult1st2-uniprot.txt Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate PMID:12755695 functional characterization of zebrafish SULT1 sulfotransferases file:DANRE/sult1st2/sult1st2-deep-research-falcon.md transfer of a sulfonyl group from the universal sulfate donor **PAPS (3′-phosphoadenosine-5′-phosphosulfate)** to small molecules containing hydroxyl or amino groups |
| GO:0004062 aryl sulfotransferase activity | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Summary: aryl sulfotransferase activity (GO:0004062) is supported for Sult1st2. Falcon documents in vitro sulfation of phenolic aryl substrates (2-naphthol, flavonoids, hydroxychlorobiphenyls), reinforcing this core molecular function. Reason: Aryl/xenobiotic substrate sulfation is supported by UniProt and the zebrafish SULT1 study. Supporting Evidence: PMID:12755695 endogenous compounds and xenobiotics including hydroxychlorobiphenyls file:DANRE/sult1st2/sult1st2-deep-research-falcon.md catalyzes **PAPS-dependent O-sulfation** of diverse phenolic and related substrates, including endocrine hormones and xenobiotic phenols. file:DANRE/sult1st2/sult1st2-deep-research-falcon.md **2-naphthol**: **155 ± 4** |
| GO:0005737 cytoplasm | IEA GO_REF:0000044 | ACCEPT | Summary: cytoplasm (GO:0005737) is supported for Sult1st2. Falcon's synthesis of the cloning/biochemistry evidence supports an intracellular cytosolic localization. Reason: The protein is a cytosolic sulfotransferase and UniProt places it in cytoplasm. Supporting Evidence: file:DANRE/sult1st2/sult1st2-uniprot.txt SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. file:DANRE/sult1st2/sult1st2-deep-research-falcon.md the current best-supported localization is **intracellular cytosol**, plausibly in metabolically active tissues such as liver. |
| GO:0006805 xenobiotic metabolic process | IEA GO_REF:0000117 | ACCEPT | Summary: xenobiotic metabolic process (GO:0006805) is supported for Sult1st2. Falcon documents low-micromolar Km hydroxychlorobiphenyl sulfation and cellular formation of sulfated conjugates, supporting a detoxification/elimination role. Reason: The enzyme sulfates xenobiotics including hydroxychlorobiphenyls. Supporting Evidence: PMID:12755695 endogenous compounds and xenobiotics including hydroxychlorobiphenyls file:DANRE/sult1st2/sult1st2-deep-research-falcon.md supporting a role in **detoxification/inactivation and elimination** of environmental phenolic pollutants. |
| GO:0004304 estrone sulfotransferase activity | IDA PMID:14726148 Characterization of a zebrafish estrogen-sulfating cytosolic... | ACCEPT | Summary: estrone sulfotransferase activity (GO:0004304) is supported for Sult1st2. Falcon independently reports estrone as the highest-activity substrate for SULT1 ST2. Reason: The zebrafish enzyme has activity toward endogenous estrogens including estrone. Supporting Evidence: PMID:14726148 estrogen-sulfating cytosolic ST PMID:14726148 activities toward two endogenous estrogens file:DANRE/sult1st2/sult1st2-deep-research-falcon.md **Estrone**: **83.9 ± 3.8** |
| GO:0008210 estrogen metabolic process | IDA PMID:14726148 Characterization of a zebrafish estrogen-sulfating cytosolic... | ACCEPT | Summary: estrogen metabolic process (GO:0008210) is supported for Sult1st2. Falcon synthesizes the high estrone activity into a role in endogenous endocrine hormone clearance and regulation. Reason: Estrone/estrogen sulfation is a directly characterized substrate class. Supporting Evidence: PMID:14726148 estrogen-sulfating cytosolic ST PMID:14726148 activities toward two endogenous estrogens file:DANRE/sult1st2/sult1st2-deep-research-falcon.md support a role for sult1st2 in **endogenous endocrine hormone clearance and regulation** |
| GO:0005737 cytoplasm | NAS PMID:12755695 Sulfation of hydroxychlorobiphenyls. Molecular cloning, expr... | ACCEPT | Summary: cytoplasm (GO:0005737) is supported for Sult1st2. Falcon notes the enzyme is explicitly characterized as a cytosolic SULT1 in the cloning/biochemistry study. Reason: The protein is a cytosolic sulfotransferase and UniProt places it in cytoplasm. Supporting Evidence: file:DANRE/sult1st2/sult1st2-uniprot.txt SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. file:DANRE/sult1st2/sult1st2-deep-research-falcon.md The enzyme is explicitly characterized as a **cytosolic SULT1** in the cloning/biochemistry study. |
| GO:0006805 xenobiotic metabolic process | IDA PMID:12755695 Sulfation of hydroxychlorobiphenyls. Molecular cloning, expr... | ACCEPT | Summary: xenobiotic metabolic process (GO:0006805) is supported for Sult1st2. Falcon adds that zebrafish liver cells form and release sulfated hydroxychlorobiphenyl conjugates, demonstrating xenobiotic sulfation in a cellular context. Reason: The enzyme sulfates xenobiotics including hydroxychlorobiphenyls. Supporting Evidence: PMID:12755695 endogenous compounds and xenobiotics including hydroxychlorobiphenyls file:DANRE/sult1st2/sult1st2-deep-research-falcon.md This demonstrates that sulfation of these xenobiotics occurs in a cellular context consistent with liver metabolism. |
| GO:0008146 sulfotransferase activity | IDA PMID:12755695 Sulfation of hydroxychlorobiphenyls. Molecular cloning, expr... | MODIFY | Summary: sulfotransferase activity (GO:0008146) is correct but too generic for Sult1st2. Falcon's substrate-resolved profile supports replacement with the more informative aryl and estrone sulfotransferase activity terms. Reason: The review should use the more informative aryl and estrone sulfotransferase activities supported by substrate testing. Proposed replacements: aryl sulfotransferase activity estrone sulfotransferase activity Supporting Evidence: file:DANRE/sult1st2/sult1st2-uniprot.txt Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate PMID:12755695 functional characterization of zebrafish SULT1 sulfotransferases file:DANRE/sult1st2/sult1st2-deep-research-falcon.md catalyzes **PAPS-dependent O-sulfation** of diverse phenolic and related substrates, including endocrine hormones and xenobiotic phenols. |
| GO:0005737 cytoplasm | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Summary: cytoplasm (GO:0005737) by IBA (is_active_in) places the enzyme in the cytosol, consistent with sult1st2 being a cytosolic SULT1-family sulfotransferase. Same location supported by the IEA and NAS rows. Reason: sult1st2 is a soluble cytosolic sulfotransferase (bacterially expressed, ~35 kDa soluble); the SULT1 family acts in the cytosol. Consistent with the IEA (GO_REF:0000044) and NAS (PMID:12755695) cytoplasm rows. Supporting Evidence: file:DANRE/sult1st2/sult1st2-uniprot.txt SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. PMID:14726148 estrogen-sulfating cytosolic ST |
| GO:0006805 xenobiotic metabolic process | IDA PMID:12755695 Sulfation of hydroxychlorobiphenyls. Molecular cloning, expr... | ACCEPT | Summary: xenobiotic metabolic process (GO:0006805) by IDA (involved_in). sult1st2 (SULT1 ST2) sulfates hydroxychlorobiphenyl xenobiotics in vitro, contributing to their metabolism/detoxification (PMID:12755695). Duplicate term/evidence of the acts_upstream_of_or_within row; same ACCEPT. Reason: Directly demonstrated sulfation of hydroxychlorobiphenyls by the recombinant enzyme (PMID:12755695); xenobiotic sulfation is a genuine function sult1st2 performs. Consistent with the sibling GO:0006805 rows. Supporting Evidence: PMID:12755695 endogenous compounds and xenobiotics including hydroxychlorobiphenyls |
| GO:0008146 sulfotransferase activity | IEA GO_REF:0000120 | MODIFY | Summary: sulfotransferase activity (GO:0008146) is the broad SULT-family MF term, here from a combined-IEA (ARBA/InterPro) mapping. It is correct but generic for sult1st2, whose substrate-resolved biochemistry supports the more informative aryl and estrone sulfotransferase activities (PMID:12755695, PMID:14726148). Reason: Correct but too general; replace with the specific IDA/IBA-supported children aryl sulfotransferase activity (GO:0004062) and estrone sulfotransferase activity (GO:0004304). Consistent with the GO:0008146 IDA (PMID:12755695) row. Proposed replacements: aryl sulfotransferase activity estrone sulfotransferase activity Supporting Evidence: file:DANRE/sult1st2/sult1st2-uniprot.txt Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate PMID:14726148 activities toward two endogenous estrogens |
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