CG31099

Existing Annotations Review

GO Term	Evidence	Action	Reason
GO:0106389 ecdysteroid 22-kinase activity	TAS PMID:32540344 Genomic and transcriptomic analyses in Drosophila suggest th...	UNDECIDED	Summary: FlyBase TAS for ecdysteroid 22-kinase activity, traced to the 2020 Drosophila EcKL family analysis. The accessible abstract frames the family as candidate detoxification kinases and does not report a CG31099 assay; the full text could not be read. Phylogenetically, CG31099 is not in the subfamily of either characterized ecdysteroid 22-kinase. Reason: The supporting publication is abstract-only in our cache and the bioRxiv/journal full text was not retrievable, so the specific author statement the FlyBase curator relied on cannot be read; per the curation rules this TAS is left UNDECIDED rather than removed. The available evidence leans against a confident transfer of this precise activity. (1) The cited abstract proposes a family-wide detoxification-kinase hypothesis, not a demonstrated ecdysteroid C-22 phosphorylation by CG31099. (2) The 2024 phylogenomic study places the only two genes known to encode ecdysteroid 22-kinases (BmEc22K, subfamily A; AgEcK2, subfamily D) in different EcKL subfamilies and names its Drosophila ecdysteroid-kinase candidates as CG5644, CG13813 and Pinkman, not CG31099. (3) In PANTHER, CG31099 is in PTHR11012:SF6, whereas BmEc22K (Q0PCR8) is in SF54 and CG5644, the direct ortholog of AgEcK2, is in SF47 (file:DROME/CG31099/CG31099-bioinformatics/RESULTS-rereview.md); the only other fly SF6 member, CG6830, is uncharacterized. There are no IBA annotations from PAINT for this subfamily. The CHK domain retains its HxDxxxxN catalytic-loop motif, so a small-molecule kinase activity is plausible, but neither the substrate class nor the C-22 regiospecificity is supported by evolutionary placement or by any target-specific experiment. Supporting Evidence: PMID:32540344 We propose the hypothesis that members of the arthropod-specific ecdysteroid kinase-like (EcKL) gene family encode detoxicative kinases. file:DROME/CG31099/CG31099-uniprot.txt /note="CHK kinase-like" PMID:38291829 Our results show the only two genes known to encode ecdysteroid kinases belong to different subfamilies and therefore ecdysteroid metabolism functions must be spread throughout the EcKL family. PMID:38291829 CG13813 and Pinkman are D. melanogaster subfamily A genes that could also encode ecdysteroid kinases file:DROME/CG31099/CG31099-bioinformatics/RESULTS-rereview.md neither biochemically characterised ecdysteroid 22-kinase

GO Term

Evidence

Action

Reason

GO:0106389 ecdysteroid 22-kinase activity

TAS
PMID:32540344
Genomic and transcriptomic analyses in Drosophila suggest th...

UNDECIDED

Summary: FlyBase TAS for ecdysteroid 22-kinase activity, traced to the 2020 Drosophila EcKL family analysis. The accessible abstract frames the family as candidate detoxification kinases and does not report a CG31099 assay; the full text could not be read. Phylogenetically, CG31099 is not in the subfamily of either characterized ecdysteroid 22-kinase.

Reason: The supporting publication is abstract-only in our cache and the bioRxiv/journal full text was not retrievable, so the specific author statement the FlyBase curator relied on cannot be read; per the curation rules this TAS is left UNDECIDED rather than removed. The available evidence leans against a confident transfer of this precise activity. (1) The cited abstract proposes a family-wide detoxification-kinase hypothesis, not a demonstrated ecdysteroid C-22 phosphorylation by CG31099. (2) The 2024 phylogenomic study places the only two genes known to encode ecdysteroid 22-kinases (BmEc22K, subfamily A; AgEcK2, subfamily D) in different EcKL subfamilies and names its Drosophila ecdysteroid-kinase candidates as CG5644, CG13813 and Pinkman, not CG31099. (3) In PANTHER, CG31099 is in PTHR11012:SF6, whereas BmEc22K (Q0PCR8) is in SF54 and CG5644, the direct ortholog of AgEcK2, is in SF47 (file:DROME/CG31099/CG31099-bioinformatics/RESULTS-rereview.md); the only other fly SF6 member, CG6830, is uncharacterized. There are no IBA annotations from PAINT for this subfamily. The CHK domain retains its HxDxxxxN catalytic-loop motif, so a small-molecule kinase activity is plausible, but neither the substrate class nor the C-22 regiospecificity is supported by evolutionary placement or by any target-specific experiment.

Supporting Evidence:

PMID:32540344

We propose the hypothesis that members of the arthropod-specific ecdysteroid kinase-like (EcKL) gene family encode detoxicative kinases.

file:DROME/CG31099/CG31099-uniprot.txt

/note="CHK kinase-like"

PMID:38291829

Our results show the only two genes known to encode ecdysteroid kinases belong to different subfamilies and therefore ecdysteroid metabolism functions must be spread throughout the EcKL family.

PMID:38291829

CG13813 and Pinkman are D. melanogaster subfamily A genes that could also encode ecdysteroid kinases

file:DROME/CG31099/CG31099-bioinformatics/RESULTS-rereview.md

neither biochemically characterised ecdysteroid 22-kinase

ProtNLM2 External predictions

View prediction review YAML · CG31099-protnlm-predictions-review.yaml · Review status: COMPLETE

Phosphorylation is plausible for this EcKL/CHK-kinase-like protein, but the available family study proposes rather than demonstrates the relevant reactions across this diverse family.

Source documents: genes/DROME/CG31099/CG31099-predictions-source.json · genes/DROME/CG31099/CG31099-uniprot-source.json

Review score: 2 = concordant with evidence; 1 = uncertain; 0 = discordant with evidence. This is an assessment score, not a model probability.

GO:0016310 phosphorylation GO_BP

UNC — Uncertain Review score: 1/2

Prediction method: ProtNLM2 · Version: UniProt API snapshot 2026-09-08 · file:DROME/CG31099/CG31099-predictions-source.json

Review rationale: Phosphorylation is plausible for this EcKL/CHK-kinase-like protein, but the available family study proposes rather than demonstrates the relevant reactions across this diverse family. No CG31099 substrate, product or catalytic assay is established in the accessible evidence, and the existing ecdysteroid 22-kinase TAS annotation is itself unresolved. Domain nomenclature and agreement with that annotation therefore cannot independently validate the process, although there is no evidence refuting it. CG31099 lies in PANTHER subfamily PTHR11012:SF6 with only the uncharacterized CG6830, outside the subfamilies of both characterized ecdysteroid 22-kinases, so no phylogenetic transfer supports it. The term would be novel relative to GOA, which carries no process annotation for this gene and whose ecdysteroid 22-kinase activity term does not entail phosphorylation by is_a or part_of.

Supporting Evidence:

PMID:32540344: "We propose the hypothesis that members of the arthropod-specific ecdysteroid kinase-like (EcKL) gene family encode detoxicative kinases."
file:DROME/CG31099/CG31099-uniprot.txt: "/note="CHK kinase-like""
PMID:38291829: "Our results show the only two genes known to encode ecdysteroid kinases belong to different subfamilies and therefore ecdysteroid metabolism functions must be spread throughout the EcKL family."

Gene Description

Existing Annotations Review

References

Suggested Questions for Experts

Suggested Experiments

External Prediction Reviews

ProtNLM2 External predictions

Deep Research

Falcon

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Notes

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