PolG1 (tamas) encodes the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase gamma, the family A DNA polymerase that replicates the mitochondrial genome. With its accessory subunit PolG2 it forms a heterodimeric holoenzyme in the mitochondrial matrix that carries 5'-3' DNA polymerase and mispair-specific 3'-5' proofreading exonuclease activities and is stimulated by mtSSB. tamas mutants deplete mtDNA and are lethal, exonuclease-deficient alleles accumulate mtDNA point mutations and deletions, and disease-modelling alleles act as dominant negatives. In the testis Tamas also localizes to mtDNA nucleoids and is needed to eliminate paternal mitochondrial genomes during spermatid development, largely independently of its exonuclease.
| GO Term | Evidence | Action | Reason |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0000166 nucleotide binding | IDA PMID:28318978 The Mitochondrial DNA Polymerase Promotes Elimination of Pat... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Nucleotide binding (IDA). Reason: A DNA polymerase necessarily binds dNTP substrates, so the term is true. The cached full text of PMID:28318978 (mtDNA elimination in sperm) does not describe a nucleotide-binding assay, so there is no evidence to refine the term to a specific nucleotide; kept as a peripheral property rather than challenged. |
| GO:0003677 DNA binding | IEA GO_REF:0000002 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: DNA binding (IEA). Reason: The catalytic subunit itself contacts template-primer DNA (the beta subunit does not); the binding is real and no more specific DNA-binding term is supported. Peripheral to the core GO:0003887 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity. Supporting Evidence: PMID:7499423 the alpha but not the beta subunit of mitochondrial DNA polymerase makes close contact with DNA |
| GO:0003887 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Summary: DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity (IBA/IEA). Reason: Family A polymerase domain; PAINT donors include human POLG (P54098), yeast Mip1, rat Polg and fly PolG1 itself, the latter reflecting its own experimental evidence. Correct core activity. Supporting Evidence: PMID:8798543 Bacterial overexpression, purification, and biochemical analysis demonstrated both 5' --> 3' DNA polymerase and 3' --> 5' exonuclease in the recombinant polypeptide |
| GO:0003887 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity | IDA PMID:10506144 Baculovirus expression reconstitutes Drosophila mitochondria... | ACCEPT | Summary: DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity. Reason: PolG1/tamas is the catalytic subunit of Pol gamma; the polymerase activity maps to the large subunit and is retained by the recombinant catalytic polypeptide. Supporting Evidence: PMID:10506144 Recombinant heterodimeric holoenzyme was reconstituted in both the mitochondria and cytoplasm of Sf9 cells and required the mitochondrial presequences in both subunits |
| GO:0003887 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity | IDA PMID:11294646 Multiple regions of subunit interaction in Drosophila mitoch... | ACCEPT | Summary: DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity. Reason: PolG1/tamas is the catalytic subunit of Pol gamma; the polymerase activity maps to the large subunit and is retained by the recombinant catalytic polypeptide. Supporting Evidence: PMID:11294646 Drosophila mitochondrial DNA polymerase, pol gamma, is a heterodimeric complex of catalytic subunit and accessory subunits |
| GO:0003887 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity | IDA PMID:15537632 Mutations in the spacer region of Drosophila mitochondrial D... | ACCEPT | Summary: DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity. Reason: PolG1/tamas is the catalytic subunit of Pol gamma; the polymerase activity maps to the large subunit and is retained by the recombinant catalytic polypeptide. Supporting Evidence: PMID:15537632 mutations in three of the four conserved sequence elements within the spacer alter enzyme activity, processivity, and/or DNA binding affinity |
| GO:0003887 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity | IDA PMID:26446790 Mitochondrial Single-stranded DNA-binding Proteins Stimulate... | ACCEPT | Summary: DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity. Reason: PolG1/tamas is the catalytic subunit of Pol gamma; the polymerase activity maps to the large subunit and is retained by the recombinant catalytic polypeptide. Supporting Evidence: PMID:26446790 The activity of the mitochondrial replicase, DNA polymerase Ξ³ (Pol Ξ³) is stimulated by another key component of the mitochondrial replisome, the mitochondrial single-stranded DNA-binding protein (mtSSB) |
| GO:0003887 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity | IDA PMID:3095323 A mitochondrial DNA polymerase from embryos of Drosophila me... | ACCEPT | Summary: DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity. Reason: PolG1/tamas is the catalytic subunit of Pol gamma; the polymerase activity maps to the large subunit and is retained by the recombinant catalytic polypeptide. Supporting Evidence: PMID:3095323 DNA polymerase activity gel analysis has allowed the assignment of the DNA polymerization function to the large subunit |
| GO:0003887 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity | IDA PMID:7499423 Subunit structure of mitochondrial DNA polymerase from Droso... | ACCEPT | Summary: DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity. Reason: PolG1/tamas is the catalytic subunit of Pol gamma; the polymerase activity maps to the large subunit and is retained by the recombinant catalytic polypeptide. Supporting Evidence: PMID:7499423 provide strong evidence for the physical association of the 3'-->5' exonuclease with the two subunit enzyme |
| GO:0003887 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity | IDA PMID:8798543 Catalytic subunit of mitochondrial DNA polymerase from Droso... | ACCEPT | Summary: DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity. Reason: PolG1/tamas is the catalytic subunit of Pol gamma; the polymerase activity maps to the large subunit and is retained by the recombinant catalytic polypeptide. Supporting Evidence: PMID:8798543 Bacterial overexpression, purification, and biochemical analysis demonstrated both 5' --> 3' DNA polymerase and 3' --> 5' exonuclease in the recombinant polypeptide |
| GO:0003887 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity | IEA GO_REF:0000120 | ACCEPT | Summary: DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity (IBA/IEA). Reason: Family A polymerase domain; PAINT donors include human POLG (P54098), yeast Mip1, rat Polg and fly PolG1 itself, the latter reflecting its own experimental evidence. Correct core activity. Supporting Evidence: PMID:8798543 Bacterial overexpression, purification, and biochemical analysis demonstrated both 5' --> 3' DNA polymerase and 3' --> 5' exonuclease in the recombinant polypeptide |
| GO:0003887 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity | IMP PMID:26554610 Complementation between polymerase- and exonuclease-deficien... | ACCEPT | Summary: DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity. Reason: PolG1/tamas is the catalytic subunit of Pol gamma; the polymerase activity maps to the large subunit and is retained by the recombinant catalytic polypeptide. Supporting Evidence: PMID:26554610 The exo(-) mutant leads to accumulation of point mutations and linear deletions of mtDNA, whereas pol(-) mutants cause mtDNA depletion |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:11294646 Multiple regions of subunit interaction in Drosophila mitoch... | REMOVE | Summary: Protein binding (IPI) with PolG2. Reason: The interaction partner is the Pol gamma accessory subunit PolG2 (GOA WITH/FROM UniProtKB:Q9VJV8); this subunit contact is already captured by part_of GO:0005760 gamma DNA polymerase complex, and bare protein binding adds no functional information. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:15537632 Mutations in the spacer region of Drosophila mitochondrial D... | REMOVE | Summary: Protein binding (IPI) with PolG2. Reason: The interaction partner is the Pol gamma accessory subunit PolG2 (GOA WITH/FROM UniProtKB:Q9VJV8); this subunit contact is already captured by part_of GO:0005760 gamma DNA polymerase complex, and bare protein binding adds no functional information. |
| GO:0005739 mitochondrion | EXP PMID:28318978 The Mitochondrial DNA Polymerase Promotes Elimination of Pat... | ACCEPT | Summary: Mitochondrion. Reason: Tam-GFP localizes to mitochondria in spermatids. Supporting Evidence: PMID:28318978 Tamas is found in large particles that localize to mtDNA during genome elimination |
| GO:0005739 mitochondrion | EXP PMID:3095323 A mitochondrial DNA polymerase from embryos of Drosophila me... | ACCEPT | Summary: Mitochondrion. Reason: Pol gamma is the mitochondrial replicase, purified from embryo mitochondria and imported via its presequence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:3095323 The mitochondrial DNA polymerase has been purified to near-homogeneity from early embryos of Drosophila melanogaster |
| GO:0005739 mitochondrion | IDA PMID:10506144 Baculovirus expression reconstitutes Drosophila mitochondria... | ACCEPT | Summary: Mitochondrion. Reason: Reconstitution in insect cells required the mitochondrial presequence, consistent with mitochondrial import. Supporting Evidence: PMID:10506144 Recombinant heterodimeric holoenzyme was reconstituted in both the mitochondria and cytoplasm of Sf9 cells and required the mitochondrial presequences in both subunits |
| GO:0005739 mitochondrion | IEA GO_REF:0000044 | ACCEPT | Summary: Mitochondrion (IEA). Reason: Consistent with experimental localization. Supporting Evidence: file:DROME/PolG1/PolG1-uniprot.txt SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28318978 |
| GO:0005759 mitochondrial matrix | NAS PMID:15537632 Mutations in the spacer region of Drosophila mitochondrial D... | ACCEPT | Summary: Mitochondrial matrix (NAS). Reason: Pol gamma acts on mtDNA in the matrix; the statement is a reasonable author inference consistent with nucleoid localization. Supporting Evidence: PMID:15537632 mutations in three of the four conserved sequence elements within the spacer alter enzyme activity, processivity, and/or DNA binding affinity |
| GO:0005760 gamma DNA polymerase complex | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Summary: Gamma DNA polymerase complex (IBA/IEA). Reason: Consistent with the direct biochemical evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:3095323 the data suggest that the D. melanogaster DNA polymerase gamma is a heterodimer |
| GO:0005760 gamma DNA polymerase complex | IDA PMID:10506144 Baculovirus expression reconstitutes Drosophila mitochondria... | ACCEPT | Summary: Catalytic subunit of the gamma DNA polymerase complex. Reason: Pol gamma is a heterodimer of the 125 kDa catalytic subunit PolG1 and the 35 kDa accessory subunit PolG2. Supporting Evidence: PMID:10506144 Recombinant heterodimeric holoenzyme was reconstituted in both the mitochondria and cytoplasm of Sf9 cells and required the mitochondrial presequences in both subunits |
| GO:0005760 gamma DNA polymerase complex | IDA PMID:11294646 Multiple regions of subunit interaction in Drosophila mitoch... | ACCEPT | Summary: Catalytic subunit of the gamma DNA polymerase complex. Reason: Pol gamma is a heterodimer of the 125 kDa catalytic subunit PolG1 and the 35 kDa accessory subunit PolG2. Supporting Evidence: PMID:11294646 The M and C regions comprise the major contacts involved in subunit interaction |
| GO:0005760 gamma DNA polymerase complex | IDA PMID:15537632 Mutations in the spacer region of Drosophila mitochondrial D... | ACCEPT | Summary: Catalytic subunit of the gamma DNA polymerase complex. Reason: Pol gamma is a heterodimer of the 125 kDa catalytic subunit PolG1 and the 35 kDa accessory subunit PolG2. Supporting Evidence: PMID:15537632 The catalytic subunit (alpha) of mitochondrial DNA polymerase (pol gamma) |
| GO:0005760 gamma DNA polymerase complex | IDA PMID:26446790 Mitochondrial Single-stranded DNA-binding Proteins Stimulate... | ACCEPT | Summary: Catalytic subunit of the gamma DNA polymerase complex. Reason: Pol gamma is a heterodimer of the 125 kDa catalytic subunit PolG1 and the 35 kDa accessory subunit PolG2. Supporting Evidence: PMID:26446790 The activity of the mitochondrial replicase, DNA polymerase Ξ³ (Pol Ξ³) is stimulated by another key component of the mitochondrial replisome, the mitochondrial single-stranded DNA-binding protein (mtSSB) |
| GO:0005760 gamma DNA polymerase complex | IDA PMID:3095323 A mitochondrial DNA polymerase from embryos of Drosophila me... | ACCEPT | Summary: Catalytic subunit of the gamma DNA polymerase complex. Reason: Pol gamma is a heterodimer of the 125 kDa catalytic subunit PolG1 and the 35 kDa accessory subunit PolG2. Supporting Evidence: PMID:3095323 the data suggest that the D. melanogaster DNA polymerase gamma is a heterodimer |
| GO:0005760 gamma DNA polymerase complex | IDA PMID:7499423 Subunit structure of mitochondrial DNA polymerase from Droso... | ACCEPT | Summary: Catalytic subunit of the gamma DNA polymerase complex. Reason: Pol gamma is a heterodimer of the 125 kDa catalytic subunit PolG1 and the 35 kDa accessory subunit PolG2. Supporting Evidence: PMID:7499423 provide strong evidence for the physical association of the 3'-->5' exonuclease with the two subunit enzyme |
| GO:0005760 gamma DNA polymerase complex | IEA GO_REF:0000002 | ACCEPT | Summary: Gamma DNA polymerase complex (IBA/IEA). Reason: Consistent with the direct biochemical evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:3095323 the data suggest that the D. melanogaster DNA polymerase gamma is a heterodimer |
| GO:0005760 gamma DNA polymerase complex | IPI PMID:15537632 Mutations in the spacer region of Drosophila mitochondrial D... | ACCEPT | Summary: Catalytic subunit of the gamma DNA polymerase complex. Reason: Pol gamma is a heterodimer of the 125 kDa catalytic subunit PolG1 and the 35 kDa accessory subunit PolG2. Supporting Evidence: PMID:15537632 The catalytic subunit (alpha) of mitochondrial DNA polymerase (pol gamma) |
| GO:0006260 DNA replication | IEA GO_REF:0000002 | MODIFY | Summary: DNA replication (IEA). Reason: Correct but less specific than GO:0006264 mitochondrial DNA replication, which the gene already carries by IDA/IMP. Proposed replacements: mitochondrial DNA replication |
| GO:0006261 DNA-templated DNA replication | IDA PMID:10329675 Functional interactions of mitochondrial DNA polymerase and ... | MODIFY | Summary: DNA-templated DNA replication (IDA). Reason: These rows record in vitro DNA synthesis by purified or recombinant Pol gamma, the mitochondrial replicase. The process is correct but less specific than GO:0006264 mitochondrial DNA replication, which the gene already carries. Proposed replacements: mitochondrial DNA replication Supporting Evidence: PMID:3142517 the catalytic properties of the near-homogeneous Drosophila DNA polymerase gamma are consistent with the in vivo requirements for mitochondrial DNA synthesis |
| GO:0006261 DNA-templated DNA replication | IDA PMID:11294646 Multiple regions of subunit interaction in Drosophila mitoch... | MODIFY | Summary: DNA-templated DNA replication (IDA). Reason: These rows record in vitro DNA synthesis by purified or recombinant Pol gamma, the mitochondrial replicase. The process is correct but less specific than GO:0006264 mitochondrial DNA replication, which the gene already carries. Proposed replacements: mitochondrial DNA replication Supporting Evidence: PMID:3142517 the catalytic properties of the near-homogeneous Drosophila DNA polymerase gamma are consistent with the in vivo requirements for mitochondrial DNA synthesis |
| GO:0006261 DNA-templated DNA replication | IDA PMID:1429661 3'-->5' exonuclease in Drosophila mitochondrial DNA polymera... | MODIFY | Summary: DNA-templated DNA replication (IDA). Reason: These rows record in vitro DNA synthesis by purified or recombinant Pol gamma, the mitochondrial replicase. The process is correct but less specific than GO:0006264 mitochondrial DNA replication, which the gene already carries. Proposed replacements: mitochondrial DNA replication Supporting Evidence: PMID:3142517 the catalytic properties of the near-homogeneous Drosophila DNA polymerase gamma are consistent with the in vivo requirements for mitochondrial DNA synthesis |
| GO:0006261 DNA-templated DNA replication | IDA PMID:14754882 Physiological and biochemical defects in functional interact... | MODIFY | Summary: DNA-templated DNA replication (IDA). Reason: These rows record in vitro DNA synthesis by purified or recombinant Pol gamma, the mitochondrial replicase. The process is correct but less specific than GO:0006264 mitochondrial DNA replication, which the gene already carries. Proposed replacements: mitochondrial DNA replication Supporting Evidence: PMID:3142517 the catalytic properties of the near-homogeneous Drosophila DNA polymerase gamma are consistent with the in vivo requirements for mitochondrial DNA synthesis |
| GO:0006261 DNA-templated DNA replication | IDA PMID:15537632 Mutations in the spacer region of Drosophila mitochondrial D... | MODIFY | Summary: DNA-templated DNA replication (IDA). Reason: These rows record in vitro DNA synthesis by purified or recombinant Pol gamma, the mitochondrial replicase. The process is correct but less specific than GO:0006264 mitochondrial DNA replication, which the gene already carries. Proposed replacements: mitochondrial DNA replication Supporting Evidence: PMID:3142517 the catalytic properties of the near-homogeneous Drosophila DNA polymerase gamma are consistent with the in vivo requirements for mitochondrial DNA synthesis |
| GO:0006261 DNA-templated DNA replication | IDA PMID:2671990 Mismatch-specific 3'----5' exonuclease associated with the m... | MODIFY | Summary: DNA-templated DNA replication (IDA). Reason: These rows record in vitro DNA synthesis by purified or recombinant Pol gamma, the mitochondrial replicase. The process is correct but less specific than GO:0006264 mitochondrial DNA replication, which the gene already carries. Proposed replacements: mitochondrial DNA replication Supporting Evidence: PMID:3142517 the catalytic properties of the near-homogeneous Drosophila DNA polymerase gamma are consistent with the in vivo requirements for mitochondrial DNA synthesis |
| GO:0006261 DNA-templated DNA replication | IDA PMID:3142517 Mitochondrial DNA polymerase from Drosophila melanogaster em... | MODIFY | Summary: DNA-templated DNA replication (IDA). Reason: These rows record in vitro DNA synthesis by purified or recombinant Pol gamma, the mitochondrial replicase. The process is correct but less specific than GO:0006264 mitochondrial DNA replication, which the gene already carries. Proposed replacements: mitochondrial DNA replication Supporting Evidence: PMID:3142517 the catalytic properties of the near-homogeneous Drosophila DNA polymerase gamma are consistent with the in vivo requirements for mitochondrial DNA synthesis |
| GO:0006261 DNA-templated DNA replication | IDA PMID:7822323 Stimulation of Drosophila mitochondrial DNA polymerase by si... | MODIFY | Summary: DNA-templated DNA replication (IDA). Reason: These rows record in vitro DNA synthesis by purified or recombinant Pol gamma, the mitochondrial replicase. The process is correct but less specific than GO:0006264 mitochondrial DNA replication, which the gene already carries. Proposed replacements: mitochondrial DNA replication Supporting Evidence: PMID:3142517 the catalytic properties of the near-homogeneous Drosophila DNA polymerase gamma are consistent with the in vivo requirements for mitochondrial DNA synthesis |
| GO:0006261 DNA-templated DNA replication | IDA PMID:8227047 Processivity of mitochondrial DNA polymerase from Drosophila... | MODIFY | Summary: DNA-templated DNA replication (IDA). Reason: These rows record in vitro DNA synthesis by purified or recombinant Pol gamma, the mitochondrial replicase. The process is correct but less specific than GO:0006264 mitochondrial DNA replication, which the gene already carries. Proposed replacements: mitochondrial DNA replication Supporting Evidence: PMID:3142517 the catalytic properties of the near-homogeneous Drosophila DNA polymerase gamma are consistent with the in vivo requirements for mitochondrial DNA synthesis |
| GO:0006261 DNA-templated DNA replication | IDA PMID:8798543 Catalytic subunit of mitochondrial DNA polymerase from Droso... | MODIFY | Summary: DNA-templated DNA replication (IDA). Reason: These rows record in vitro DNA synthesis by purified or recombinant Pol gamma, the mitochondrial replicase. The process is correct but less specific than GO:0006264 mitochondrial DNA replication, which the gene already carries. Proposed replacements: mitochondrial DNA replication Supporting Evidence: PMID:3142517 the catalytic properties of the near-homogeneous Drosophila DNA polymerase gamma are consistent with the in vivo requirements for mitochondrial DNA synthesis |
| GO:0006264 mitochondrial DNA replication | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Summary: Mitochondrial DNA replication (IBA/IEA). Reason: Consistent with extensive direct evidence; IBA donors include human POLG and yeast Mip1 and fly PolG1 itself. Supporting Evidence: PMID:19924234 mutations in pol gamma deplete mtDNA levels |
| GO:0006264 mitochondrial DNA replication | IDA PMID:10506144 Baculovirus expression reconstitutes Drosophila mitochondria... | ACCEPT | Summary: Mitochondrial DNA replication. Reason: PolG1/tamas is the catalytic subunit of the mitochondrial replicase; mutants deplete mtDNA. Supporting Evidence: PMID:10506144 This provides evidence of a critical role for the accessory subunit in the catalytic efficiency of Drosophila mitochondrial DNA polymerase |
| GO:0006264 mitochondrial DNA replication | IDA PMID:26446790 Mitochondrial Single-stranded DNA-binding Proteins Stimulate... | ACCEPT | Summary: Mitochondrial DNA replication. Reason: PolG1/tamas is the catalytic subunit of the mitochondrial replicase; mutants deplete mtDNA. Supporting Evidence: PMID:26446790 The activity of the mitochondrial replicase, DNA polymerase Ξ³ (Pol Ξ³) is stimulated by another key component of the mitochondrial replisome, the mitochondrial single-stranded DNA-binding protein (mtSSB) |
| GO:0006264 mitochondrial DNA replication | IDA PMID:3095323 A mitochondrial DNA polymerase from embryos of Drosophila me... | ACCEPT | Summary: Mitochondrial DNA replication. Reason: PolG1/tamas is the catalytic subunit of the mitochondrial replicase; mutants deplete mtDNA. Supporting Evidence: PMID:3095323 the catalytic properties of the near-homogeneous Drosophila enzyme are consistent with those of DNA polymerase gamma |
| GO:0006264 mitochondrial DNA replication | IDA PMID:7499423 Subunit structure of mitochondrial DNA polymerase from Droso... | ACCEPT | Summary: Mitochondrial DNA replication. Reason: PolG1/tamas is the catalytic subunit of the mitochondrial replicase; mutants deplete mtDNA. Supporting Evidence: PMID:7499423 provide strong evidence for the physical association of the 3'-->5' exonuclease with the two subunit enzyme |
| GO:0006264 mitochondrial DNA replication | IEA GO_REF:0000002 | ACCEPT | Summary: Mitochondrial DNA replication (IBA/IEA). Reason: Consistent with extensive direct evidence; IBA donors include human POLG and yeast Mip1 and fly PolG1 itself. Supporting Evidence: PMID:19924234 mutations in pol gamma deplete mtDNA levels |
| GO:0006264 mitochondrial DNA replication | IMP PMID:19924234 Disruption of mitochondrial DNA replication in Drosophila in... | ACCEPT | Summary: Mitochondrial DNA replication. Reason: PolG1/tamas is the catalytic subunit of the mitochondrial replicase; mutants deplete mtDNA. Supporting Evidence: PMID:19924234 mutations in pol gamma deplete mtDNA levels |
| GO:0006264 mitochondrial DNA replication | IMP PMID:26554610 Complementation between polymerase- and exonuclease-deficien... | ACCEPT | Summary: Mitochondrial DNA replication. Reason: PolG1/tamas is the catalytic subunit of the mitochondrial replicase; mutants deplete mtDNA. Supporting Evidence: PMID:26554610 The exo(-) mutant leads to accumulation of point mutations and linear deletions of mtDNA, whereas pol(-) mutants cause mtDNA depletion |
| GO:0006264 mitochondrial DNA replication | IMP PMID:28430993 A multi-systemic mitochondrial disorder due to a dominant p.... | ACCEPT | Summary: Mitochondrial DNA replication. Reason: PolG1/tamas is the catalytic subunit of the mitochondrial replicase; mutants deplete mtDNA. Supporting Evidence: PMID:28430993 We demonstrate that both mutations affect mtDNA replication and display a dominant negative effect |
| GO:0006264 mitochondrial DNA replication | NAS PMID:15537632 Mutations in the spacer region of Drosophila mitochondrial D... | ACCEPT | Summary: Mitochondrial DNA replication. Reason: PolG1/tamas is the catalytic subunit of the mitochondrial replicase; mutants deplete mtDNA. Supporting Evidence: PMID:15537632 mutations in three of the four conserved sequence elements within the spacer alter enzyme activity, processivity, and/or DNA binding affinity |
| GO:0006281 DNA repair | IEA GO_REF:0000117 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: DNA repair (ARBA). Reason: Pol gamma fills gaps during mitochondrial base excision repair in vertebrates; plausible for the fly enzyme but secondary to replication and without fly-specific evidence. |
| GO:0007291 sperm individualization | IMP PMID:28318978 The Mitochondrial DNA Polymerase Promotes Elimination of Pat... | MODIFY | Summary: Sperm individualization (IMP). Reason: Tamas knockdown blocks elimination of mitochondrial nucleoids during spermatid elongation; the paper does not report a failure of individualization itself (nucleoids persist in individualizing spermatids). The phenotype is precisely described by GO:7770014 spermatid mitochondrial nucleoid elimination. Proposed replacements: spermatid mitochondrial nucleoid elimination Supporting Evidence: PMID:28318978 knockdown of the nuclear-encoded mtDNA polymerase (Pol Ξ³-Ξ±), Tamas, produces a more complete block of mtDNA elimination |
| GO:0008296 3'-5'-DNA exonuclease activity | IDA PMID:10506144 Baculovirus expression reconstitutes Drosophila mitochondria... | ACCEPT | Summary: 3'-5'-DNA exonuclease activity (proofreading exonuclease). Reason: The catalytic subunit carries a mispair-specific 3'-5' exonuclease that proofreads newly synthesized mtDNA. Supporting Evidence: PMID:10506144 The recombinant holoenzyme contains DNA polymerase and 3'-5' exonuclease |
| GO:0008296 3'-5'-DNA exonuclease activity | IDA PMID:15537632 Mutations in the spacer region of Drosophila mitochondrial D... | ACCEPT | Summary: 3'-5'-DNA exonuclease activity (proofreading exonuclease). Reason: The catalytic subunit carries a mispair-specific 3'-5' exonuclease that proofreads newly synthesized mtDNA. Supporting Evidence: PMID:15537632 several mutations affect differentially DNA polymerase and exonuclease activity and/or functional interactions with mitochondrial single-stranded DNA-binding protein |
| GO:0008296 3'-5'-DNA exonuclease activity | IDA PMID:7499423 Subunit structure of mitochondrial DNA polymerase from Droso... | ACCEPT | Summary: 3'-5'-DNA exonuclease activity (proofreading exonuclease). Reason: The catalytic subunit carries a mispair-specific 3'-5' exonuclease that proofreads newly synthesized mtDNA. Supporting Evidence: PMID:7499423 provide strong evidence for the physical association of the 3'-->5' exonuclease with the two subunit enzyme |
| GO:0008296 3'-5'-DNA exonuclease activity | IDA PMID:8798543 Catalytic subunit of mitochondrial DNA polymerase from Droso... | ACCEPT | Summary: 3'-5'-DNA exonuclease activity (proofreading exonuclease). Reason: The catalytic subunit carries a mispair-specific 3'-5' exonuclease that proofreads newly synthesized mtDNA. Supporting Evidence: PMID:8798543 Bacterial overexpression, purification, and biochemical analysis demonstrated both 5' --> 3' DNA polymerase and 3' --> 5' exonuclease in the recombinant polypeptide |
| GO:0008296 3'-5'-DNA exonuclease activity | IMP PMID:26554610 Complementation between polymerase- and exonuclease-deficien... | ACCEPT | Summary: 3'-5'-DNA exonuclease activity (proofreading exonuclease). Reason: The catalytic subunit carries a mispair-specific 3'-5' exonuclease that proofreads newly synthesized mtDNA. Supporting Evidence: PMID:26554610 The exo(-) mutant leads to accumulation of point mutations and linear deletions of mtDNA, whereas pol(-) mutants cause mtDNA depletion |
| GO:0008310 single-stranded DNA 3'-5' DNA exonuclease activity | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Single-stranded DNA 3'-5' DNA exonuclease activity (IBA). Reason: IBA seeded by human POLG (P54098). The fly enzyme's exonuclease is characterized mainly on mispaired primer termini of primed templates rather than free ssDNA; correct for the family but the core exonuclease role is captured by GO:0008296 and GO:0045004. Supporting Evidence: PMID:1429661 3'-terminal mispairs are hydrolyzed quantitatively by the 3'-->5' exonuclease over the reaction time course |
| GO:0030382 sperm mitochondrion organization | IMP PMID:28318978 The Mitochondrial DNA Polymerase Promotes Elimination of Pat... | MODIFY | Summary: Sperm mitochondrion organization (IMP). Reason: Correct but general: the phenotype is failure to eliminate paternal mtDNA nucleoids from spermatid mitochondria, which is precisely GO:7770014 spermatid mitochondrial nucleoid elimination (also proposed for the sperm individualization row). A genuine but non-core role. Proposed replacements: spermatid mitochondrial nucleoid elimination Supporting Evidence: PMID:28318978 knockdown of the nuclear-encoded mtDNA polymerase (Pol Ξ³-Ξ±), Tamas, produces a more complete block of mtDNA elimination |
| GO:0034061 DNA polymerase activity | EXP PMID:15537632 Mutations in the spacer region of Drosophila mitochondrial D... | MODIFY | Summary: DNA polymerase activity (EXP). Reason: Correct but a generic parent of GO:0003887 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity, which the evidence supports and the gene already carries. Proposed replacements: DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity Supporting Evidence: PMID:15537632 mutations in three of the four conserved sequence elements within the spacer alter enzyme activity, processivity, and/or DNA binding affinity |
| GO:0034061 DNA polymerase activity | EXP PMID:26554610 Complementation between polymerase- and exonuclease-deficien... | MODIFY | Summary: DNA polymerase activity (EXP). Reason: Correct but a generic parent of GO:0003887 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity, which the evidence supports and the gene already carries. Proposed replacements: DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity Supporting Evidence: PMID:26554610 The exo(-) mutant leads to accumulation of point mutations and linear deletions of mtDNA, whereas pol(-) mutants cause mtDNA depletion |
| GO:0034061 DNA polymerase activity | EXP PMID:2671990 Mismatch-specific 3'----5' exonuclease associated with the m... | MODIFY | Summary: DNA polymerase activity (EXP). Reason: Correct but a generic parent of GO:0003887 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity, which the evidence supports and the gene already carries. Proposed replacements: DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity Supporting Evidence: PMID:2671990 These results suggest that the 3'----5' exonuclease provides a proofreading function to enhance the fidelity of DNA synthesis during Drosophila mitochondrial DNA replication |
| GO:0034061 DNA polymerase activity | EXP PMID:28430993 A multi-systemic mitochondrial disorder due to a dominant p.... | MODIFY | Summary: DNA polymerase activity (EXP). Reason: Correct but a generic parent of GO:0003887 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity, which the evidence supports and the gene already carries. Proposed replacements: DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity Supporting Evidence: PMID:28430993 We demonstrate that both mutations affect mtDNA replication and display a dominant negative effect |
| GO:0034061 DNA polymerase activity | EXP PMID:3095323 A mitochondrial DNA polymerase from embryos of Drosophila me... | MODIFY | Summary: DNA polymerase activity (EXP). Reason: Correct but a generic parent of GO:0003887 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity, which the evidence supports and the gene already carries. Proposed replacements: DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity Supporting Evidence: PMID:3095323 DNA polymerase activity gel analysis has allowed the assignment of the DNA polymerization function to the large subunit |
| GO:0034061 DNA polymerase activity | EXP PMID:8798543 Catalytic subunit of mitochondrial DNA polymerase from Droso... | MODIFY | Summary: DNA polymerase activity (EXP). Reason: Correct but a generic parent of GO:0003887 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity, which the evidence supports and the gene already carries. Proposed replacements: DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity Supporting Evidence: PMID:8798543 Bacterial overexpression, purification, and biochemical analysis demonstrated both 5' --> 3' DNA polymerase and 3' --> 5' exonuclease in the recombinant polypeptide |
| GO:0034061 DNA polymerase activity | IEA GO_REF:0000116 | MODIFY | Summary: DNA polymerase activity (IEA, Rhea). Reason: Generic parent of GO:0003887 DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity, which the gene already carries. Proposed replacements: DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity |
| GO:0042575 DNA polymerase complex | IEA GO_REF:0000117 | MODIFY | Summary: DNA polymerase complex (ARBA). Reason: Generic parent of GO:0005760 gamma DNA polymerase complex, which the gene already carries. Proposed replacements: gamma DNA polymerase complex |
| GO:0042645 mitochondrial nucleoid | IDA PMID:28318978 The Mitochondrial DNA Polymerase Promotes Elimination of Pat... | ACCEPT | Summary: Mitochondrial nucleoid (IDA). Reason: Tam-GFP puncta associate with mtDNA nucleoids. Supporting Evidence: PMID:28318978 Tamas is found in large particles that localize to mtDNA during genome elimination |
| GO:0045004 DNA replication proofreading | IDA PMID:7499423 Subunit structure of mitochondrial DNA polymerase from Droso... | ACCEPT | Summary: DNA replication proofreading. Reason: The mispair-specific 3'-5' exonuclease of Pol gamma removes misincorporated nucleotides; exo-deficient tamas alleles accumulate mtDNA point mutations. Supporting Evidence: PMID:2671990 These results suggest that the 3'----5' exonuclease provides a proofreading function to enhance the fidelity of DNA synthesis during Drosophila mitochondrial DNA replication |
| GO:0045004 DNA replication proofreading | IDA PMID:8798543 Catalytic subunit of mitochondrial DNA polymerase from Droso... | ACCEPT | Summary: DNA replication proofreading. Reason: Recombinant catalytic subunit has the proofreading exonuclease. Supporting Evidence: PMID:8798543 Bacterial overexpression, purification, and biochemical analysis demonstrated both 5' --> 3' DNA polymerase and 3' --> 5' exonuclease in the recombinant polypeptide |
| GO:0045004 DNA replication proofreading | IMP PMID:26554610 Complementation between polymerase- and exonuclease-deficien... | ACCEPT | Summary: DNA replication proofreading. Reason: Exo-deficient tamas knock-in flies accumulate mtDNA point mutations and deletions. Supporting Evidence: PMID:26554610 The exo(-) mutant leads to accumulation of point mutations and linear deletions of mtDNA, whereas pol(-) mutants cause mtDNA depletion |
| GO:0071897 DNA biosynthetic process | IEA GO_REF:0000117 | MODIFY | Summary: DNA biosynthetic process (ARBA). Reason: Correct but generic; replaced by GO:0006264 mitochondrial DNA replication, which the gene already carries. Proposed replacements: mitochondrial DNA replication |
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Download this section (compressed HTML)Q: What activity of Tamas, other than its exonuclease, drives elimination of paternal mtDNA nucleoids in spermatids, and does PolG2 participate?
Experiment: Test polymerase-dead and exo-dead Tamas, and PolG2 knockdown, for nucleoid elimination in spermatids using live imaging of mtDNA nucleoids.
DNA polymerase gamma subunit 1 (PolG1) encodes the catalytic subunit of mitocondrial DNA polymerase gamma, which is responsible for the replication and repair of the mitochondrial genome.
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