awd

These computational predictions are reviewed separately from the GOA annotation set used for this review. The assessments below are from this project and do not constitute official GO annotations or endorsement by GO/UniProt. They are not included in the existing annotation review above.

GO Term	Evidence	Action	Reason
GO:0004550 nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity	IEA GO_REF:0000120	ACCEPT	Summary: Core catalytic activity of awd; directly assayed on the enzyme purified from flies. Reason: NDPK activity has been measured directly for the enzyme purified from wild-type and mutant larvae (PMID:1320004; PMID:2175255). Active-site mutations that abolish the activity also abolish awd genetic function (PMID:7559441). The 168-residue gene-model product contains the entire 153-residue enzyme unchanged, including the phosphohistidine His (His134 here, His119 in P08879) and all annotated nucleotide-binding residues. The InterPro/EC-based IEA is therefore correct for this product. awd sits in PANTHER subfamily PTHR11349:SF91 with yeast YNK1 and worm ndk-1, a branch of the family whose members are catalytically active. Whether the N-terminal extension is ever translated is uncertain (see identity notes). That uncertainty does not affect what the protein does if made. Supporting Evidence: PMID:1320004 We purified the nucleoside diphosphate kinases from wild-type and mutant larvae by a simple procedure involving affinity chromatography on blue Sepharose. PMID:2175255 We present evidence that the awd gene codes for a nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDP kinase) PMID:7559441 Seven revertants have amino acid substitutions of conserved residues that are likely to affect the active site: five of these have no enzymatic activity file:DROME/awd/awd-reference-P08879-uniprot.txt The ATP gamma phosphate is transferred to the NDP beta CC phosphate via a ping-pong mechanism, using a phosphorylated active-site CC intermediate. file:DROME/awd/awd-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md Catalytic His119 maps to target His134; all seven annotated nucleotide-binding positions are preserved.
GO:0006183 GTP biosynthetic process	IEA GO_REF:0000002	ACCEPT	Summary: NDPK carries out the final step of GTP synthesis (GDP + ATP -> GTP + ADP). Reason: Awd catalyses the step itself, so this is participation, not mere requirement. GDP-to-GTP phosphorylation is one of the ribonucleoside reactions in the curated P08879 catalytic activity, supported by enzyme from flies (PMID:1320004). FlyBase also records experimental ribonucleoside triphosphate biosynthesis for awd. The PAINT IBA on the gene places nucleoside triphosphate biosynthesis at the ancestral node. The catalytic core is intact in this product. Supporting Evidence: file:DROME/awd/awd-reference-P08879-uniprot.txt FUNCTION: Major role in the synthesis of nucleoside triphosphates other PMID:1320004 We purified the nucleoside diphosphate kinases from wild-type and mutant larvae file:DROME/awd/awd-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md Catalytic His119 maps to target His134; all seven annotated nucleotide-binding positions are preserved.
GO:0006228 UTP biosynthetic process	IEA GO_REF:0000002	ACCEPT	Summary: NDPK carries out the final step of UTP synthesis (UDP + ATP -> UTP + ADP). Reason: As for GTP, awd catalyses the terminal phosphorylation step. The term matches the broad-substrate ribonucleoside reaction curated for P08879 (PMID:1320004) and the NDPK step of de novo pyrimidine synthesis. UDP-to-UTP is the canonical NDPK step, and the catalytic core is intact in this product. Supporting Evidence: file:DROME/awd/awd-reference-P08879-uniprot.txt FUNCTION: Major role in the synthesis of nucleoside triphosphates other file:DROME/awd/awd-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md Catalytic His119 maps to target His134; all seven annotated nucleotide-binding positions are preserved.
GO:0006241 CTP biosynthetic process	IEA GO_REF:0000002	ACCEPT	Summary: NDPK phosphorylates CDP to CTP, one route of cellular CTP supply. Reason: NDPK phosphorylates CDP, and awd uses broad ribonucleoside substrates. CTP is mostly made by CTP synthase acting on UTP, so the NDPK contribution runs through the UTP pool and through CDP salvage. Awd still performs a step that yields CTP, so the term is a correct description of its catalysis. It is accepted for consistency with the shared InterPro mapping. Supporting Evidence: file:DROME/awd/awd-reference-P08879-uniprot.txt FUNCTION: Major role in the synthesis of nucleoside triphosphates other file:DROME/awd/awd-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md Catalytic His119 maps to target His134; all seven annotated nucleotide-binding positions are preserved.

ProtNLM External predictions

View prediction review YAML · awd-protnlm-predictions-review.yaml · Review status: COMPLETE

The ProtNLM2 API snapshot retrieved 2026-09-08 contains no GO-term predictions for A0A0B4LHX6. Nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity (GO:0004550) is the clear omission: purified Drosophila awd protein has the activity, and the selected 168-residue product contains the entire characterized 153-residue enzyme sequence, including its catalytic histidine and nucleotide-binding positions. The gene already carries GO:0004550 in GOA (electronic, accepted as core in the gene review), so an emitted NDP-kinase term would have scored CNN; the omission loses no novel content. The disagreement between FlyBase and reviewed UniProt about N-terminal initiation does not alter the conserved catalytic core; the prediction-time sequence is not established by the current comparison. The separate FUNCTION paragraph describing NDP-kinase phosphate transfer is CNN. This completed record assesses the absence of GO output; predictions is empty because no GO or EC prediction was emitted. The narrative judgment is in the linked function review and is not a score assigned to the omission.

Source documents: genes/DROME/awd/awd-protnlm-source.json · projects/PROTNLM_EVALUATION/fly-benchmark/manifest.json · genes/DROME/awd/awd-protnlm-function-review.md · genes/DROME/awd/awd-uniprot.txt · genes/DROME/awd/awd-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md · publications/PMID_1320004.md

No GO/EC predictions in the reviewed source.

Gene Description

Existing Annotations Review

Core Functions

Cytoplasmic nucleoside diphosphate kinase that phosphorylates ribo- and deoxyribonucleoside diphosphates using ATP through a phosphohistidine intermediate, supplying GTP, UTP, CTP and dNTP pools.

References

Suggested Questions for Experts

Suggested Experiments

External Prediction Reviews

ProtNLM External predictions

Deep Research

Falcon

FlyBase

FlyBase gene description for awd (DROME)

📚 Additional Documentation

Notes

Bioinformatics Results

Protnlm Function Review

📄 View Raw YAML