| Claim/Function | Biological context (tissue/process) | Key experimental evidence (assay/method) | Subcellular localization | Quantitative/statistical data if stated | Key citation details (authors, year, journal, DOI/URL) | PaperQA citation ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| **Identity verification:** *jar* (jaguar; Mhc95F) encodes Drosophila **myosin VI**, an unconventional actin-based motor that moves toward the **minus/pointed end** of actin filaments | General molecular identity; gene/protein annotation in *D. melanogaster* | Biochemical and genetic characterization summarized in primary studies; loss-of-function and protein detection in flies | Actin-associated motor; broadly expressed, including embryonic and adult tissues | ~140 kDa protein; six isoforms reported from alternative splicing | Morrison & Miller, 2008, *Genetics*, doi:10.1534/genetics.107.085969, https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.107.085969; Kisiel et al., 2011, *BMC Neurosci.*, doi:10.1186/1471-2202-12-65, https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2202-12-65 | (pqac-00000003, pqac-00000001, pqac-00000000) |
| Myosin VI can function as both **cargo transporter** and **anchor/tether**, consistent with slow kinetics and strong actin binding | General cell biology; mechanistic interpretation across tissues | Biophysical/mechanistic interpretation in reviews and Drosophila experimental contexts; FRAP and mutant phenotypes support tethering roles | Actin filaments; vesicle-associated and cortical sites | Not numerically stated in retrieved excerpts; FRAP indicates actin binding for minutes in spermatid cones | Noguchi et al., 2006, *Mol. Biol. Cell*, doi:10.1091/mbc.e06-01-0031, https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e06-01-0031; Kisiel et al., 2014, *PLoS ONE*, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0102988, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0102988 | (pqac-00000011, pqac-00000013, pqac-00000001) |
| Required for **basal protein targeting** during asymmetric neuroblast division; likely transports or positions the Miranda complex | Embryonic neuroblasts; asymmetric cell division | Anti-Miranda immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, anti-Jar co-IP, GST pull-down showing direct Jar-Miranda binding; jar null analysis and RNAi | Jar in small cytoplasmic particles, sometimes cortical; partial basal enrichment in metaphase neuroblasts; overlaps partly with Miranda | In jar322 embryos, **30%** of metaphase neuroblasts had Miranda mislocalized; **21%** of spindles misoriented by 80–90° vs **2%** in heterozygotes; in RNAi, improper Miranda localization in ~**50%** and spindle defects in **45%** | Petritsch et al., 2003, *Developmental Cell*, doi:10.1016/S1534-5807(03)00020-0, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1534-5807(03)00020-0 | (pqac-00000009, pqac-00000010) |
| Contributes to **correct spindle orientation** in mitotic neuroblasts, acting downstream of or parallel to apical polarity machinery | Embryonic neuroblasts; mitotic spindle positioning | jar null mutant analysis with immunostaining of Inscuteable and Miranda; spindle orientation scoring | Dynamic cytoplasmic particles in dividing neuroblasts; enriched during prophase/metaphase | Inscuteable remained apical in **95%** of neuroblasts with mislocalized Miranda; spindle misorientation in **21%** of jar322 vs **2%** controls | Petritsch et al., 2003, *Developmental Cell*, doi:10.1016/S1534-5807(03)00020-0, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1534-5807(03)00020-0 | (pqac-00000009, pqac-00000010) |
| Required for **actin cone organization/stabilization** during spermatid individualization; supports formation of dense front meshwork | Testis; spermatogenesis/spermatid individualization | Live and fixed imaging of actin cones; mutant and overexpression analyses; myosin S1 decoration; FRAP of GFP-myosin VI | Localizes to the **front of actin cones** in individualization complexes | In mutants, cones fail to accumulate sufficient F-actin; overexpression produces **bigger cones with more F-actin**; FRAP indicates binding for **minutes** | Noguchi et al., 2006, *Mol. Biol. Cell*, doi:10.1091/mbc.e06-01-0031, https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e06-01-0031 | (pqac-00000011) |
| Promotes **actin dynamics at membrane-remodeling sites** by recruiting/maintaining cortactin and Arp2/3 pathway components | Testis; spermatogenesis membrane remodeling | Colocalization and mutant analysis for myosin VI, cortactin, Arp2/3; genetic interaction with dynamin | Individualization complex / actin structures associated with membrane remodeling | Major actin-structure defects when both dynamin and myosin VI are impaired (no specific percentages in excerpt) | Rogat & Miller, 2002, *J. Cell Sci.*, doi:10.1242/jcs.00149, https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.00149 | (pqac-00000015) |
| The **motor head** and **globular tail cargo-binding domain** are both required for cone-front localization and actin-structure specialization; conserved tail binding sites are functionally important | Testis; specialized actin structure assembly | Domain deletions and site-specific mutagenesis in myosin VI; rescue/functional tests in spermatid cones | Cone front dense meshwork | Not numerically stated in excerpt; qualitative separation of localization vs actin-organization functions | Isaji et al., 2011, *PLoS ONE*, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0022755, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022755 | (pqac-00000014) |
| Important for **synaptic development and transmission** at the larval neuromuscular junction (NMJ) | Nervous system; larval NMJ synapse development/function | Loss-of-function jar alleles; larval locomotion assays; NMJ morphology; electrophysiology; vesicle marker staining | Synaptic boutons/NMJ; associated with synaptic vesicle pools at bouton periphery | Decreased locomotor activity, reduced NMJ length and bouton number reported; excerpt gives no exact numeric values | Kisiel et al., 2011, *BMC Neurosci.*, doi:10.1186/1471-2202-12-65, https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2202-12-65 | (pqac-00000001, pqac-00000005, pqac-00000007) |
| Functions as a **synaptic vesicle tether/anchor**, restraining vesicle mobility and maintaining peripheral vesicle localization | Nervous system; larval NMJ vesicle trafficking | FM dye loading of actively cycling vesicles; FRAP of synaptotagmin-GFP-labeled vesicles in jar mutants | Peripheral region of synaptic boutons; mutant vesicles redistribute throughout bouton | FRAP showed **rapid recovery** and altered bleach depth in mutants; no exact percentages in excerpt | Kisiel et al., 2014, *PLoS ONE*, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0102988, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0102988 | (pqac-00000013) |
| Supports **planar cell polarity-related trafficking** through interaction networks involving Kermit and Vang, implying motor-dependent relocalization of PCP components | Epithelia; planar cell polarity establishment | Genetic screen; pull-down and genetic interaction studies | Intracellular compartments involved in Vang relocalization during PCP establishment | No quantitative values in excerpt | Lin & Katanaev, 2013, *PLoS ONE*, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0076885, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0076885 | (pqac-00000012) |
| Complete myosin VI loss of function is **not lethal**, but contributes to normal development and fertility-related processes | Whole organism development; viability and fertility | Genetic analysis of jar322 in trans to deficiencies; RT-PCR; westerns; developmental scoring | Broad developmental expression; testes, ovaries, adults examined by western blot | Null animals recovered at **lower than expected Mendelian frequency**; exact percentage not stated in excerpt | Morrison & Miller, 2008, *Genetics*, doi:10.1534/genetics.107.085969, https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.107.085969 | (pqac-00000008, pqac-00000003) |
| Expression is **developmentally regulated** and tissue-specific, supporting diverse context-dependent roles | Embryogenesis, adult tissues, gonads, nervous system | Western blotting; developmental expression summary from thesis/primary references | Testis, ovaries, neuroblasts, larval brain/NMJ | Peak expression reported during **8–12 h embryogenesis** and in adults; six isoforms | Majumdar, 2007, thesis/unknown journal; supporting primary literature summaries | (pqac-00000000, pqac-00000002, pqac-00000006) |


*Table: This table summarizes primary functional annotation evidence for Drosophila melanogaster jar/jaguar (UniProt Q01989), including molecular function, biological processes, localization, and key assays. It is useful as a compact evidence map linking specific claims to experiments and citation IDs for later narrative synthesis.*