flbD

UniProt ID: G5EAY5
Organism: Emericella nidulans (strain FGSC A4 / ATCC 38163 / CBS 112.46 / NRRL 194 / M139)
Review Status: DRAFT
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Gene Description

flbD encodes a Myb-like DNA-binding transcription factor that is an upstream developmental activator coordinating the initiation of conidiophore development in Aspergillus nidulans, and is uniquely required for both asexual (conidiation) and sexual (cleistothecium/ascospore) differentiation. FlbD acts with FlbB upstream of brlA.

Existing Annotations Review

GO Term Evidence Action Reason
GO:0005634 nucleus
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: Accept: nucleus.
Reason: Myb-type factors act in the nucleus, and is_active_in is the appropriate qualifier for a DNA-binding regulator; confirmed directly by the IDA row in this review.
GO:0000981 DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: Accept: DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific.
Reason: Family-level assignment from the Myb/SANT repeat. FlbD's characterised output is induction of brlA, a Pol II gene, so the Pol II-specific TF term fits.
GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: Accept: positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II.
Reason: The signed activator term, matching FlbD's requirement for brlA induction alongside FlbB rather than any repressive role.
GO:0000278 mitotic cell cycle
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Over-annotated: mitotic-cell-cycle role propagated from cell-cycle Myb orthologs.
Reason: Propagated by phylogeny from cell-cycle Myb proteins; FlbD's characterized role is developmental regulation, not the mitotic cell cycle.
GO:0000978 RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: Accept: RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding.
Reason: The sequence-specific binding facet of the same TF activity. Myb repeats are sequence-specific DNA-binding modules, so this term is preferable to bare DNA binding.
GO:0003006 developmental process involved in reproduction
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Generic reproductive-development term (electronic).
Reason: Broad electronic term; loosely consistent but uninformative.
GO:0003677 DNA binding
IEA
GO_REF:0000104
ACCEPT
Summary: Accept: DNA binding.
Reason: Unsigned keyword-level parent of the sequence-specific binding terms above; retained, but uninformative on its own.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IEA
GO_REF:0000120
ACCEPT
Summary: Accept: nucleus.
Reason: Nuclear location predicted from the Myb domain signature, and independently confirmed by direct localisation in this review.
GO:0006351 DNA-templated transcription
IEA
GO_REF:0000104
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Borderline: FlbD regulates transcription rather than catalyzing it.
Reason: 'DNA-templated transcription' implies performing transcription; for a TF the regulation terms are more accurate. Kept non-core.
GO:0006355 regulation of DNA-templated transcription
IEA
GO_REF:0000120
ACCEPT
Summary: Accept: regulation of DNA-templated transcription.
Reason: Generic regulation parent. The Pol II-specific and conidiation terms elsewhere in this review carry the specificity.
GO:0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Generic morphogenesis term (electronic).
Reason: Loosely consistent with conidiophore morphogenesis but uninformative.
GO:0009791 post-embryonic development
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Over-annotated: animal/plant 'post-embryonic development' term.
Reason: ARBA propagation from multicellular animal/plant Myb orthologs; not applicable to fungal conidiation.
GO:0009888 tissue development
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Over-annotated: 'tissue development' is an animal/plant multicellular term.
Reason: Filamentous fungi do not form tissues in this sense; ARBA over-propagation.
GO:0030154 cell differentiation
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Cell differentiation (generic).
Reason: Conidiation is a form of cell differentiation, but the specific conidiation terms are preferred; kept non-core.
GO:0032875 regulation of DNA endoreduplication
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Over-annotated: DNA-endoreduplication regulation from plant/animal Myb.
Reason: No evidence FlbD regulates endoreduplication in A. nidulans; ARBA over-propagation.
GO:0033993 response to lipid
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Over-annotated: 'response to lipid' not established for FlbD.
Reason: ARBA electronic propagation without experimental support in A. nidulans.
GO:0043565 sequence-specific DNA binding
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
ACCEPT
Summary: Sequence-specific DNA binding (Myb).
Reason: Consistent with FlbD's Myb DNA-binding domain.
GO:0048582 positive regulation of post-embryonic development
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Over-annotated: positive regulation of post-embryonic development (animal/plant).
Reason: ARBA propagation from multicellular orthologs; inapplicable to fungi.
GO:0048731 system development
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Over-annotated: 'system development' is an animal/plant term.
Reason: ARBA over-propagation; not applicable to a fungus.
GO:0050891 multicellular organismal-level water homeostasis
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
REMOVE
Summary: Taxon-inappropriate: plant water-homeostasis term.
Reason: 'Multicellular organismal-level water homeostasis' is a plant/animal physiology term with no basis in Aspergillus; a clear ARBA mis-propagation.
GO:0097305 response to alcohol
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Over-annotated: 'response to alcohol' not established for FlbD.
Reason: ARBA electronic propagation without experimental support.
GO:1901002 positive regulation of response to salt stress
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
REMOVE
Summary: Taxon-inappropriate: plant salt-stress-response regulation.
Reason: Propagated from plant Myb stress-response regulators; no basis in A. nidulans FlbD.
GO:1902584 positive regulation of response to water deprivation
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
REMOVE
Summary: Taxon-inappropriate: plant water-deprivation-response regulation.
Reason: Propagated from plant Myb drought-response regulators; inapplicable to a fungus.
GO:1902806 regulation of cell cycle G1/S phase transition
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Over-annotated: G1/S cell-cycle regulation from mammalian Myb.
Reason: Propagated from mammalian cell-cycle Myb proteins; not FlbD's characterized role.
GO:2000037 regulation of stomatal complex patterning
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
REMOVE
Summary: Taxon-inappropriate: plant-specific stomatal-patterning term.
Reason: Regulation of stomatal complex patterning applies only to plants; A. nidulans has no stomata. A clear taxon-violating over-propagation.
GO:0006995 cellular response to nitrogen starvation
IMP
PMID:22798393
FlbD, a Myb transcription factor of Aspergillus nidulans, is...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Nitrogen starvation is an upstream cue for FlbD-dependent development.
Reason: Nitrogen limitation induces development; a regulatory input, kept non-core.
GO:0070791 cleistothecium development
IMP
PMID:22798393
FlbD, a Myb transcription factor of Aspergillus nidulans, is...
ACCEPT
Summary: Core process. FlbD is required for cleistothecium (sexual) development.
Reason: FlbD is uniquely required for both asexual and sexual differentiation, including cleistothecium development.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22798393
both Ξ”flbD and flbD(R47P) mutants are unable to develop the peridium, a specialized external tissue that differentiates during fruiting body formation and ends up surrounding the sexual spores
PMID:22798393
flbB to -D encode transcription factors needed for proper expression of the brlA gene, which is essential for asexual development.
GO:0075307 positive regulation of conidium formation
IMP
PMID:22798393
FlbD, a Myb transcription factor of Aspergillus nidulans, is...
ACCEPT
Summary: Core process. FlbD positively regulates conidium formation.
Reason: FlbD is an upstream activator positively regulating conidiation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22798393
both Ξ”flbD and flbD(R47P) mutants are unable to develop the peridium, a specialized external tissue that differentiates during fruiting body formation and ends up surrounding the sexual spores
PMID:22798393
flbB to -D encode transcription factors needed for proper expression of the brlA gene, which is essential for asexual development.
GO:0048315 conidium formation
IMP
PMID:7883170
flbD encodes a Myb-like DNA-binding protein that coordinates...
ACCEPT
Summary: Core process. FlbD coordinates initiation of conidiophore development.
Reason: flbD encodes a Myb-like protein coordinating initiation of conidiophore development.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:7883170
forced overexpression of flbD in submerged hyphae caused inappropriate activation of brlA expression and resulted in production of complex conidiophores that produced all of the distinct cell types observed in wild-type conidiophores including viable spores
PMID:7883170
The deduced FlbD protein sequence predicts a 314-amino-acid polypeptide with significant identity at its amino terminus to the DNA-binding domain of the Myb family of transcription factors indicating that FlbD probably functions as a sequence-specific transcriptional activator.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:20132447
The concerted action of bZip and cMyb transcription factors ...
ACCEPT
Summary: Accept: nucleus.
Reason: Direct nuclear localisation in the study showing concerted FlbB/FlbD action on brlA. This row is what grounds the phylogenetic and electronic location calls above.
GO:0075307 positive regulation of conidium formation
IMP
PMID:7883170
flbD encodes a Myb-like DNA-binding protein that coordinates...
ACCEPT
Summary: Core process. FlbD positively regulates conidium formation.
Reason: Consistent with FlbD as an upstream positive regulator of conidiation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:7883170
forced overexpression of flbD in submerged hyphae caused inappropriate activation of brlA expression and resulted in production of complex conidiophores that produced all of the distinct cell types observed in wild-type conidiophores including viable spores
PMID:7883170
The deduced FlbD protein sequence predicts a 314-amino-acid polypeptide with significant identity at its amino terminus to the DNA-binding domain of the Myb family of transcription factors indicating that FlbD probably functions as a sequence-specific transcriptional activator.

Core Functions

Upstream Myb-type transcription factor coordinating conidiation initiation: FlbD binds DNA and, acting with FlbB, drives brlA induction; it is uniquely required for both asexual conidiation and sexual (cleistothecium) development.

Supporting Evidence:
  • PMID:7883170
    forced overexpression of flbD in submerged hyphae caused inappropriate activation of brlA expression and resulted in production of complex conidiophores that produced all of the distinct cell types observed in wild-type conidiophores including viable spores
  • PMID:7883170
    The deduced FlbD protein sequence predicts a 314-amino-acid polypeptide with significant identity at its amino terminus to the DNA-binding domain of the Myb family of transcription factors indicating that FlbD probably functions as a sequence-specific transcriptional activator.
  • PMID:22798393
    both Ξ”flbD and flbD(R47P) mutants are unable to develop the peridium, a specialized external tissue that differentiates during fruiting body formation and ends up surrounding the sexual spores
  • PMID:22798393
    flbB to -D encode transcription factors needed for proper expression of the brlA gene, which is essential for asexual development.

References

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Notes

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