id: F6TY09 gene_symbol: WEE1 taxon: id: NCBITaxon:9796 label: Equus caballus status: COMPLETE description: The intact WEE1 sequence supports nuclear CDK phosphorylation; oocyte-specific predictions require distinction from WEE2. source_documents: - projects/PROTNLM_EVALUATION/mammal-benchmark/horse40-predictions.csv - projects/PROTNLM_EVALUATION/mammal-benchmark/predictions.jsonl.gz - projects/PROTNLM_EVALUATION/mammal-benchmark/paired-sequences/WEE1.json references: - id: PMID:7743995 title: Regulation of the human WEE1Hu CDK tyrosine 15-kinase during the cell cycle. full_text_unavailable: true findings: [] - id: PMID:21454751 title: Protein tyrosine kinase Wee1B is essential for metaphase II exit in mouse oocytes. full_text_unavailable: false findings: [] - id: file:HORSE/WEE1/WEE1-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md title: HORSE/WEE1/WEE1-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md findings: [] - id: PMID:8348613 title: Human wee1 maintains mitotic timing by protecting the nucleus from cytoplasmically activated Cdc2 kinase. full_text_unavailable: true findings: [] - id: PMID:8428596 title: Human Wee1 kinase inhibits cell division by phosphorylating p34cdc2 exclusively on Tyr15. full_text_unavailable: true findings: [] - id: PMID:37527245 title: Oocyte-specific Wee1-like protein kinase 2 is dispensable for fertility in mice. full_text_unavailable: false findings: [] predictions: - source_method: ProtNLM2 source_version: UniProt API snapshot 2026-09-08 predicted_term: id: GO:0060631 label: regulation of meiosis I predicted_term_type: GO_BP review: assessment: UNC confidence_score: 1 summary: WEE1 is a conserved CDK-inhibitory kinase, but mammalian oocyte studies distinguish somatic WEE1 from WEE2/Wee1B. A mitotic checkpoint mechanism does not automatically establish regulation of meiosis I. Broad meiotic participation cannot be excluded without horse-specific expression and perturbation evidence. Later Wee2 knockout mice retain fertility, reinforcing that this evidence should not be generalized to absolute indispensability or absence of compensation. supported_by: - &id006 reference_id: PMID:7743995 supporting_text: 'WEE1Hu plays a role in inhibiting mitosis before M phase by phosphorylating cyclin B1-Cdc2.' - &id003 reference_id: PMID:21454751 supporting_text: Wee1B mRNA was continuously expressed during the meiotic cell cycle and was replaced by somatic Wee1 (hereafter termed Wee1A) during the 2- or 4-cell embryo mitotic divisions - &id001 reference_id: file:HORSE/WEE1/WEE1-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md supporting_text: share 95.4% identity among 646 paired residues. - &id004 reference_id: PMID:37527245 supporting_text: 'Wee2 loss-of-function is likely complicated by biological redundancies with other proteins co-expressed in oocytes.' - source_method: ProtNLM2 source_version: UniProt API snapshot 2026-09-08 predicted_term: id: GO:0005654 label: nucleoplasm predicted_term_type: GO_CC review: assessment: COR confidence_score: 2 summary: Human experiments place the soluble checkpoint kinase in the nucleus. Full-length horse sequence conservation supports nucleoplasmic activity; this is more specific than the frozen horse nucleus annotation. supported_by: - &id002 reference_id: PMID:8348613 supporting_text: 'the human wee1-like tyrosine kinase is a nuclear protein that ensures the completion of DNA replication prior to mitosis' - *id001 - source_method: ProtNLM2 source_version: UniProt API snapshot 2026-09-08 predicted_term: id: GO:0005886 label: plasma membrane predicted_term_type: GO_CC review: assessment: UNC confidence_score: 1 summary: The characterized WEE1 checkpoint pool is nuclear, with additional cytoplasmic annotations. No primary evidence retrieved establishes plasma-membrane recruitment of the selected horse protein. A soluble kinase can associate peripherally with a membrane, so absence of a transmembrane helix does not refute the prediction. supported_by: - *id002 - *id001 - source_method: ProtNLM2 source_version: UniProt API snapshot 2026-09-08 predicted_term: id: GO:0035038 label: female pronucleus assembly predicted_term_type: GO_BP review: assessment: UNC confidence_score: 1 summary: The mouse egg-activation experiment distinguishes WEE2/Wee1B depletion, which blocks pronucleus formation, from WEE1/Wee1A depletion, which does not in that assay. The selected horse sequence is a close full-length WEE1 match, making paralog transfer a plausible explanation. However, differential necessity does not exclude participation, and later Wee2 knockout mice retain substantial fertility with possible compensation. Without horse oocyte expression and perturbation evidence, this specific biological-process prediction remains uncertain rather than definitively refuted. supported_by: - &id007 reference_id: PMID:21454751 supporting_text: Wee1B knockdown oocytes failed to form pronuclei, whereas oocytes injected with control, Myt1, or Wee1A MO were correctly activated - *id003 - *id001 - *id004 - source_method: ProtNLM2 source_version: UniProt API snapshot 2026-09-08 predicted_term: id: GO:0006468 label: protein phosphorylation predicted_term_type: GO_BP review: assessment: COR confidence_score: 2 summary: Protein phosphorylation follows directly from the conserved WEE1 tyrosine-kinase reaction. This is correct but broad relative to its specific CDK-inhibitory mechanism. supported_by: - &id005 reference_id: PMID:8428596 supporting_text: 'purified human Wee1 phosphorylates p34cdc2 exclusively on Tyr15 in vitro; no Thr14 phosphorylation was detected.' - *id001 - source_method: ProtNLM2 source_version: UniProt API snapshot 2026-09-08 predicted_term: id: GO:0042327 label: positive regulation of phosphorylation predicted_term_type: GO_BP review: assessment: UNC confidence_score: 1 summary: WEE1 catalyzes inhibitory CDK phosphorylation, which supports protein phosphorylation. A separate positive-regulation-of-phosphorylation process requires identifying the regulated reaction; the direct catalytic reaction alone does not establish that regulatory relationship, and effects on downstream CDK phosphorylation are inhibitory. supported_by: - *id005 - *id006 - *id001 - source_method: ProtNLM2 source_version: UniProt API snapshot 2026-09-08 predicted_term: id: GO:0007143 label: female meiotic nuclear division predicted_term_type: GO_BP review: assessment: UNC confidence_score: 1 summary: Mammalian studies identify WEE2/Wee1B as the oocyte-enriched paralog, whereas this horse sequence is WEE1. The broad female-meiosis term is not validated by conserved kinase activity alone. Redundancy and species-specific expression leave possible participation unresolved rather than proving absence. Later Wee2 knockout mice retain fertility, reinforcing that this evidence should not be generalized to absolute indispensability or absence of compensation. supported_by: - *id003 - *id007 - *id001 - *id004