ALS

Core Functions

Catalyzes pyruvate condensation to acetolactate as part of branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis.

Molecular Function:

acetolactate synthase activity

Directly Involved In:

L-isoleucine biosynthetic process L-valine biosynthetic process

Cellular Locations:

chloroplast stroma

In Complex:

acetolactate synthase complex

Supporting Evidence:

file:MISSI/ALS/ALS-uniprot.txt
Reaction=2 pyruvate + H(+) = (2S)-2-acetolactate + CO2
file:MISSI/ALS/ALS-uniprot.txt
PATHWAY: Amino-acid biosynthesis; L-isoleucine biosynthesis; L-isoleucine from 2-oxobutanoate: step 1/4.
file:MISSI/ALS/ALS-uniprot.txt
COFACTOR: Name=thiamine diphosphate
file:interpro/panther/PTHR18968/PTHR18968-entries.csv
Q41768,"Acetolactate synthase 1, chloroplastic",protein,4577,Zea mays
file:interpro/panther/PTHR18968/PTHR18968-entries.csv
P17597,"Acetolactate synthase, chloroplastic",protein,3702,Arabidopsis thaliana

References

file:MISSI/ALS/ALS-uniprot.txt

UniProtKB entry for Miscanthus sinensis ALS

UniProt supports acetolactate synthase activity, branched-chain amino acid biosynthetic pathways, and the PANTHER assignment, but it has no explicit subcellular-location line for Miscanthus ALS.

file:interpro/panther/PTHR18968/PTHR18968-entries.csv

PANTHER PTHR18968 family entries for acetolactate synthase homologs

Several plant members of the same PANTHER acetolactate synthase subfamily are chloroplastic, while the subfamily label is mitochondrial and therefore not used directly for Miscanthus localization.

Suggested Experiments

Experiment: Assay ALS activity and herbicide inhibition in vitro using Miscanthus enzyme variants.

Type: targeted functional assay

📚 Additional Documentation

Notes

(ALS-notes.md)

Curation notes

QuickGO export is header-only; therefore no UniProt DR/InterPro-derived terms are listed as existing_annotations or proposed as NEW.
Core function focuses on acetolactate synthase activity in branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis; herbicide response is not treated as a core function.
Added chloroplast stroma localization after PR re-review. UniProt lacks a direct location line for this Miscanthus entry, but plant ALS homologs in PTHR18968 include chloroplastic Arabidopsis and maize enzymes; the PANTHER subfamily label says mitochondrial and is not used for localization.

📄 View Raw YAML

id: A0A292QBV7
gene_symbol: ALS
product_type: PROTEIN
status: INITIALIZED
taxon:
  id: NCBITaxon:62337
  label: Miscanthus sinensis
description: Acetolactate synthase, a thiamine-diphosphate- and magnesium-dependent enzyme catalyzing the first committed steps toward branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis.
existing_annotations: []
references:
- id: file:MISSI/ALS/ALS-uniprot.txt
  title: UniProtKB entry for Miscanthus sinensis ALS
  findings:
  - statement: UniProt supports acetolactate synthase activity, branched-chain amino acid biosynthetic pathways, and the PANTHER assignment, but it has no explicit subcellular-location line for Miscanthus ALS.
- id: file:interpro/panther/PTHR18968/PTHR18968-entries.csv
  title: PANTHER PTHR18968 family entries for acetolactate synthase homologs
  findings:
  - statement: >-
      Several plant members of the same PANTHER acetolactate synthase subfamily
      are chloroplastic, while the subfamily label is mitochondrial and therefore
      not used directly for Miscanthus localization.
core_functions:
- description: Catalyzes pyruvate condensation to acetolactate as part of branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis.
  molecular_function:
    id: GO:0003984
    label: acetolactate synthase activity
  directly_involved_in:
  - id: GO:1901705
    label: L-isoleucine biosynthetic process
  - id: GO:0009099
    label: L-valine biosynthetic process
  locations:
  - id: GO:0009570
    label: chloroplast stroma
  in_complex:
    id: GO:0005948
    label: acetolactate synthase complex
  supported_by:
  - reference_id: file:MISSI/ALS/ALS-uniprot.txt
    supporting_text: Reaction=2 pyruvate + H(+) = (2S)-2-acetolactate + CO2
  - reference_id: file:MISSI/ALS/ALS-uniprot.txt
    supporting_text: 'PATHWAY: Amino-acid biosynthesis; L-isoleucine biosynthesis; L-isoleucine from 2-oxobutanoate: step 1/4.'
  - reference_id: file:MISSI/ALS/ALS-uniprot.txt
    supporting_text: 'COFACTOR: Name=thiamine diphosphate'
  - reference_id: file:interpro/panther/PTHR18968/PTHR18968-entries.csv
    supporting_text: Q41768,"Acetolactate synthase 1, chloroplastic",protein,4577,Zea mays
  - reference_id: file:interpro/panther/PTHR18968/PTHR18968-entries.csv
    supporting_text: P17597,"Acetolactate synthase, chloroplastic",protein,3702,Arabidopsis thaliana
proposed_new_terms: []
suggested_questions:
- question: Are Miscanthus ALS variants associated with herbicide sensitivity or altered branched-chain amino acid metabolism?
suggested_experiments:
- description: Assay ALS activity and herbicide inhibition in vitro using Miscanthus enzyme variants.
  experiment_type: targeted functional assay

Gene Description