cysH

UniProt ID: O05927
Organism: Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1
Review Status: COMPLETE
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Gene Description

CysH is a thioredoxin-dependent APS reductase containing a [4Fe-4S] cluster. It reduces activated sulfate in APS to sulfite and AMP during assimilatory sulfate reduction, supplying reduced sulfur for cysteine biosynthesis. Its substrate preference distinguishes it from the PAPS reductase used by enteric bacteria.

Existing Annotations Review

GO Term Evidence Action Reason
GO:0000103 sulfate assimilation
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: CysH supplies sulfite for assimilatory reduced-sulfur biosynthesis.
Reason: The enzyme performs the APS-reduction step and thereby supplies reduced sulfur for cysteine synthesis; the native P. aeruginosa knockout is a cysteine auxotroph. This is catalytic pathway participation, not solely a downstream growth phenotype.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10613872
Purified P. aeruginosa CysH expressed as a His-tagged recombinant protein is able to reduce APS, but not PAPS.
PMID:10613872
Insertional knockout mutation of P. aeruginosa cysH produced cysteine auxotrophy, indicating its role in sulfate assimilation.
GO:0000103 sulfate assimilation
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
ACCEPT
Summary: CysH supplies sulfite for assimilatory reduced-sulfur biosynthesis.
Reason: The enzyme performs the APS-reduction step and thereby supplies reduced sulfur for cysteine synthesis; the native P. aeruginosa knockout is a cysteine auxotroph. This is catalytic pathway participation, not solely a downstream growth phenotype.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10613872
Purified P. aeruginosa CysH expressed as a His-tagged recombinant protein is able to reduce APS, but not PAPS.
PMID:10613872
Insertional knockout mutation of P. aeruginosa cysH produced cysteine auxotrophy, indicating its role in sulfate assimilation.
GO:0000103 sulfate assimilation
IMP
PMID:10613872
Identification of a new class of 5'-adenylylsulfate (APS) re...
ACCEPT
Summary: CysH supplies sulfite for assimilatory reduced-sulfur biosynthesis.
Reason: The enzyme performs the APS-reduction step and thereby supplies reduced sulfur for cysteine synthesis; the native P. aeruginosa knockout is a cysteine auxotroph. This is catalytic pathway participation, not solely a downstream growth phenotype. PseudoCAP seed assessment (2026-11-05): this row is the PAO1 seed of the GO:0000103 IBD at PTN008207357. Verdict SOUND; the full text pairs the knockout with assays of the purified enzyme. The IBD also stands on the three Arabidopsis APR seeds, each with TAIR IDA rows for sulfate assimilation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10613872
Purified P. aeruginosa CysH expressed as a His-tagged recombinant protein is able to reduce APS, but not PAPS.
PMID:10613872
Insertional knockout mutation of P. aeruginosa cysH produced cysteine auxotrophy, indicating its role in sulfate assimilation.
GO:0003824 catalytic activity
IEA
GO_REF:0000002
MODIFY
Summary: Refine catalytic activity to thioredoxin-dependent APS reduction.
Reason: The broad catalytic term is true; use the specific supported reaction.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10613872
Purified P. aeruginosa CysH expressed as a His-tagged recombinant protein is able to reduce APS, but not PAPS.
PMID:10613872
with thioredoxin supplied as an electron donor.
GO:0004604 phosphoadenylyl-sulfate reductase (thioredoxin) activity
IEA
GO_REF:0000120
REMOVE
Summary: The PAPS-reductase substrate assignment conflicts with the supported APS reaction.
Reason: Purified P. aeruginosa CysH reduces APS but not PAPS. APS-specific domain/cluster evidence supports this chemistry rather than transfer based on the broad PAPS/APS family name.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10613872
Purified P. aeruginosa CysH expressed as a His-tagged recombinant protein is able to reduce APS, but not PAPS.
PMID:11940598
recombinant APS reductase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa contains a [4Fe-4S] cluster
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IEA
GO_REF:0000120
ACCEPT
Summary: CysH is a cytoplasmic assimilatory enzyme.
Reason: Curated/HAMAP-supported localization places the soluble APS-reduction reaction in the cytoplasm; this is the location of its core activity.
Supporting Evidence:
file:PSEAE/cysH/cysH-uniprot.txt
Cytoplasm
GO:0009973 adenylyl-sulfate reductase activity
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
MODIFY
Summary: Refine APS reductase activity to its thioredoxin-dependent reaction.
Reason: The enzyme reduces APS using thioredoxin; the existing more specific GO:0043866 captures the supported donor chemistry.
Propagation Review
Root cause: TERM SCOPING PROBLEM
Failure modes: GRANULARITY MISMATCH
Sources checked:
PANTHER:PTN008207357 SUPPORTS TRANSFER
The inherited APS-reductase claim is supported; target biochemistry specifies thioredoxin as the reductant. This refinement does not challenge the ancestral node or donor count.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10613872
Purified P. aeruginosa CysH expressed as a His-tagged recombinant protein is able to reduce APS, but not PAPS.
PMID:10613872
with thioredoxin supplied as an electron donor.
GO:0019344 L-cysteine biosynthetic process
IEA
GO_REF:0000002
ACCEPT
Summary: CysH supplies sulfite for assimilatory reduced-sulfur biosynthesis.
Reason: The enzyme performs the APS-reduction step and thereby supplies reduced sulfur for cysteine synthesis; the native P. aeruginosa knockout is a cysteine auxotroph. This is catalytic pathway participation, not solely a downstream growth phenotype.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10613872
Purified P. aeruginosa CysH expressed as a His-tagged recombinant protein is able to reduce APS, but not PAPS.
PMID:10613872
Insertional knockout mutation of P. aeruginosa cysH produced cysteine auxotrophy, indicating its role in sulfate assimilation.
GO:0043866 adenylyl-sulfate reductase (thioredoxin) activity
EXP
PMID:10613872
Identification of a new class of 5'-adenylylsulfate (APS) re...
ACCEPT
Summary: CysH reduces APS with thioredoxin-derived reducing equivalents.
Reason: The purified P. aeruginosa reaction and thioredoxin adduct experiments establish the reaction. The [4Fe-4S] cluster accompanies APS specificity.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10613872
Purified P. aeruginosa CysH expressed as a His-tagged recombinant protein is able to reduce APS, but not PAPS.
PMID:10613872
with thioredoxin supplied as an electron donor.
GO:0043866 adenylyl-sulfate reductase (thioredoxin) activity
EXP
PMID:11940598
The presence of an iron-sulfur cluster in adenosine 5'-phosp...
ACCEPT
Summary: CysH reduces APS with thioredoxin-derived reducing equivalents.
Reason: The purified P. aeruginosa reaction and thioredoxin adduct experiments establish the reaction. The [4Fe-4S] cluster accompanies APS specificity.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10613872
Purified P. aeruginosa CysH expressed as a His-tagged recombinant protein is able to reduce APS, but not PAPS.
PMID:10613872
with thioredoxin supplied as an electron donor.
GO:0043866 adenylyl-sulfate reductase (thioredoxin) activity
EXP
PMID:16289027
The interaction of 5'-adenylylsulfate reductase from Pseudom...
ACCEPT
Summary: CysH reduces APS with thioredoxin-derived reducing equivalents.
Reason: The purified P. aeruginosa reaction and thioredoxin adduct experiments establish the reaction. The [4Fe-4S] cluster accompanies APS specificity.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10613872
Purified P. aeruginosa CysH expressed as a His-tagged recombinant protein is able to reduce APS, but not PAPS.
PMID:10613872
with thioredoxin supplied as an electron donor.
GO:0043866 adenylyl-sulfate reductase (thioredoxin) activity
IEA
GO_REF:0000120
ACCEPT
Summary: CysH reduces APS with thioredoxin-derived reducing equivalents.
Reason: The purified P. aeruginosa reaction and thioredoxin adduct experiments establish the reaction. The [4Fe-4S] cluster accompanies APS specificity.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10613872
Purified P. aeruginosa CysH expressed as a His-tagged recombinant protein is able to reduce APS, but not PAPS.
PMID:10613872
with thioredoxin supplied as an electron donor.
GO:0051539 4 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding
IEA
GO_REF:0000104
ACCEPT
Summary: The APS reductase carries a [4Fe-4S] cluster.
Reason: MΓΆssbauer analysis directly identifies this cluster in P. aeruginosa CysH; conserved cluster ligands support the PAO1 inference.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:11940598
recombinant APS reductase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa contains a [4Fe-4S] cluster
GO:0070814 hydrogen sulfide biosynthetic process
IEA
GO_REF:0000104
ACCEPT
Summary: CysH supplies sulfite for assimilatory reduced-sulfur biosynthesis.
Reason: The enzyme performs the APS-reduction step and thereby supplies reduced sulfur for cysteine synthesis; the native P. aeruginosa knockout is a cysteine auxotroph. This is catalytic pathway participation, not solely a downstream growth phenotype.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10613872
Purified P. aeruginosa CysH expressed as a His-tagged recombinant protein is able to reduce APS, but not PAPS.
PMID:10613872
Insertional knockout mutation of P. aeruginosa cysH produced cysteine auxotrophy, indicating its role in sulfate assimilation.

Core Functions

Reduces APS to sulfite and AMP with thioredoxin, in the direct APS route of sulfate assimilation.

Directly Involved In:
Cellular Locations:
Supporting Evidence:
  • PMID:10613872
    Purified P. aeruginosa CysH expressed as a His-tagged recombinant protein is able to reduce APS, but not PAPS.
  • PMID:10613872
    with thioredoxin supplied as an electron donor.

References

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Notes

(cysH-notes.md)

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