fimT

UniProt ID: Q9HVN0
Organism: Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1
Review Status: COMPLETE
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Gene Description

FimT (PA4549) is a 169-residue minor pilin-like protein of the type IVa pilus system of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, encoded next to its paralogue fimU between pilR and the pilV minor pilin genes. It has a class III prepilin-like N-terminal leader and hydrophobic helix (N-methylation motif) followed by a GspH-type globular domain, the fold shared by FimU and the type II secretion pseudopilin GspH. A fimT mutant has normal pili, twitching and phage sensitivity, but overexpressed FimT can replace FimU in pilus biogenesis, so FimT has a subtle, partly redundant role in type IV pilus assembly. Purified P. aeruginosa FimT binds double-stranded DNA in vitro, like the FimT of naturally transformable Legionella pneumophila, where FimT is the DNA-binding minor pilin of the DNA-uptake pilus; whether DNA binding matters for P. aeruginosa FimT in vivo is unknown.

Existing Annotations Review

GO Term Evidence Action Reason
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
IEA
GO_REF:0000044
ACCEPT
Summary: UniProt subcellular-location mapping to plasma membrane; the UniProt location (cell inner membrane, single-pass) is itself an ARBA prediction.
Reason: The ARBA location is not evidence on its own, but FimT carries the N-methylation (class III prepilin) motif and N-terminal hydrophobic helix of type IV prepilins, which reside in the inner membrane before PilD processing and assembly, and it belongs to the GspH/FimT minor pilin family whose members are inner-membrane targeted. Inner membrane is where a prepilin resides and is assembled from.
Supporting Evidence:
file:PSEAE/fimT/fimT-uniprot.txt
InterPro; IPR012902; N_methyl_site.
file:PSEAE/fimT/fimT-uniprot.txt
NCBIfam; TIGR02532; IV_pilin_GFxxxE; 1.
PMID:8682785
The predicted 18.5-kDa products of the fimT and fimU genes contain prepilin-like leader sequences
GO:0015627 type II protein secretion system complex
IEA
GO_REF:0000002
REMOVE
Summary: InterPro2GO mapping from IPR022346 (T2SS GspH).
Reason: IPR022346 covers the whole GspH/FimT family, which includes the type IV pilus minor pilins FimT and FimU as well as the T2SS pseudopilin GspH. FimT is encoded in the type IV pilus gene region and its only known in vivo role is in fimbrial biogenesis; P. aeruginosa has its own Xcp T2SS GspH, XcpU (PA3100, Q00515). There is no evidence that FimT is a T2SS component. The domain-to-complex mapping is wrong for this family member, as in the fimU review.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:35246533
FimT and FimU are minor type IV pilins that belong to the GspH/FimT family of proteins (Pfam: PF12019; InterPro: IPR022346), which also includes the type II secretion system (T2SS) pseudopilin GspH/XcpU.
PMID:8682785
overexpression of the fimT gene was found to be able to functionally replace the lack of a fimU gene product, suggesting a subtle role in fimbrial biogenesis
GO:0015628 protein secretion by the type II secretion system
IEA
GO_REF:0000002
REMOVE
Summary: InterPro2GO mapping from IPR022346 (T2SS GspH).
Reason: Same family-level over-reach as the complex row. No study links FimT to Xcp-dependent secretion; the experimental data place it in type IV pilus biogenesis and, in vitro, DNA binding. The Xcp system has its own GspH (XcpU).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:35246533
FimT and FimU are minor type IV pilins that belong to the GspH/FimT family of proteins (Pfam: PF12019; InterPro: IPR022346), which also includes the type II secretion system (T2SS) pseudopilin GspH/XcpU.
GO:0016888 DNA endonuclease activity, producing 5'-phosphomonoesters
IDA
PMID:18174131
Functional role of conserved residues in the characteristic ...
REMOVE
Summary: PseudoCAP IDA (2019-03-11) citing Chiang et al. 2008, an ATPase study of purified PilB, PilT and PilU. The term is the same off-by-one id slip found on the pilU row from that paper, and the paper's abstract concerns only the three NTPases, not FimT.
Reason: The claim is wrong whatever the full text contains. A live QuickGO query (2026-11-03) shows four PseudoCAP rows citing PMID:18174131, all dated 2019-03-11: pilB (P22608) and pilT (P24559) to GO:0016887 ATP hydrolysis activity, and pilU (G3XCX3) and fimT (Q9HVN0) to the adjacent id GO:0016888. The pilU review established that GO:0016888 was keyed for GO:0016887. FimT is a GspH-family minor pilin with no nuclease domain, and no study reports nuclease activity for any FimT. Repointing to GO:0016887 would also be wrong: the abstract names PilB, PilT and PilU as the purified and mutated motor proteins, and FimT is not an NTPase. The fimT row is most likely a copy of the pilU row attached to the wrong gene product, so it should be deleted rather than corrected. This is a demonstrable keying error, not a second-guessed experiment; the full text was not available (abstract only), which is why the gene-product half of the defect is PROBABLE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18174131
Assay of purified 6xHis-tagged PilB, PilT and PilU from P. aeruginosa showed that all three proteins have ATPase activities in vitro.
file:PSEAE/fimT/fimT-uniprot.txt
Pfam; PF12019; GspH; 1.
PMID:35246533
FimT and FimU are minor type IV pilins that belong to the GspH/FimT family of proteins
GO:0043683 type IV pilus assembly
IDA
PMID:8682785
Identification of two genes with prepilin-like leader sequen...
ACCEPT
Summary: PseudoCAP IDA from Alm and Mattick 1996: the fimT mutant is wild type, but FimT overexpression replaces FimU in fimbrial biogenesis.
Reason: FimT is a prepilin-like minor pilin of the GspH/FimT family whose paralogue FimU promotes type IV pilus assembly, and overexpressed FimT can take over FimU's role, so FimT can itself do the minor-pilin work of priming assembly. Its contribution in wild-type cells is subtle (the single mutant has no phenotype), which the paper says. The evidence described in the abstract is genetic (mutant and overexpression suppression), which fits IGI or IMP better than IDA; I cannot read the full text, so this is noted rather than filed as a defect.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:8682785
overexpression of the fimT gene was found to be able to functionally replace the lack of a fimU gene product, suggesting a subtle role in fimbrial biogenesis
PMID:8682785
whereas the fimT and dada* mutants retained wild-type phenotypes
GO:0003690 double-stranded DNA binding
IDA
PMID:35246533
The molecular basis of FimT-mediated DNA uptake during bacte...
NEW
Summary: Purified P. aeruginosa FimT binds a 30 bp dsDNA in EMSA, with an affinity of the same order as Legionella FimT; P. aeruginosa FimU does not bind.
Reason: Direct in vitro binding assay on the purified P. aeruginosa protein, with FimU as an internal negative comparator. The term is as specific as the assay supports (30 bp dsDNA; ssDNA was tested only for the Legionella protein, and binding there is non-sequence-specific). The physiological significance in P. aeruginosa, which is not known to be naturally transformable, is unknown, so no process term is proposed.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:35246533
We expressed and purified FimT and FimU from the human pathogen P. aeruginosa and the plant pathogen Xanthomonas campestris (both Ξ³-Proteobacteria) and performed EMSAs to assess DNA binding in vitro
PMID:35246533
Interestingly, FimT from both species binds to DNA and the affinity appears to be within the same order of magnitude as L. pneumophila FimT.
PMID:35246533
A 30 bp dsDNA fragment (1 ΞΌM) was incubated with increasing concentrations of purified pilins (0–100 ΞΌM)

Core Functions

Minor pilin-like protein of the type IVa pilus system. FimT is a GspH-family prepilin anchored in the inner membrane that can substitute for its paralogue FimU in promoting type IV pilus assembly when overexpressed, though it is dispensable in wild-type cells.

Directly Involved In:
Cellular Locations:
Supporting Evidence:
  • PMID:8682785
    overexpression of the fimT gene was found to be able to functionally replace the lack of a fimU gene product, suggesting a subtle role in fimbrial biogenesis
  • PMID:35246533
    FimT and FimU are minor type IV pilins that belong to the GspH/FimT family of proteins

Non-catalytic DNA-binding minor pilin. Purified P. aeruginosa FimT binds double-stranded DNA in vitro, as the FimT of naturally transformable Legionella does in its DNA-uptake pilus; the in vivo role in P. aeruginosa is unknown.

Molecular Function:
double-stranded DNA binding
Supporting Evidence:
  • PMID:35246533
    Interestingly, FimT from both species binds to DNA and the affinity appears to be within the same order of magnitude as L. pneumophila FimT.

References

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Suggested Questions for Experts

Q: Does FimT DNA binding have any role in P. aeruginosa, for example in binding extracellular DNA in biofilms, given that PAO1 is not known to be naturally transformable?

Q: Is FimT incorporated into P. aeruginosa type IV pili in wild-type cells, or only when overexpressed, and does it occupy the FimU position in the priming complex?

Suggested Experiments

Experiment: Detect FimT in sheared pili of wild-type, fimU and FimT-overexpressing P. aeruginosa with specific antibodies, as was done for the other minor pilins, and test whether surface pili of a FimT-overexpressing strain bind labelled DNA.

πŸ“š Additional Documentation

Notes

(fimT-notes.md)

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