id: Q88QQ4
gene_symbol: anmK
product_type: PROTEIN
status: DRAFT
taxon:
  id: NCBITaxon:160488
  label: Pseudomonas putida (strain ATCC 47054 / DSM 6125 / CFBP 8728 / NCIMB 11950 / KT2440)
description: >-
  AnmK is the ATP-dependent anhydro-N-acetylmuramic acid kinase of
  peptidoglycan recycling. It opens the 1,6-anhydro ring while phosphorylating
  anhMurNAc to MurNAc-6-phosphate, which enters the Pseudomonas anabolic
  recycling route to UDP-MurNAc.
existing_annotations:
- term:
    id: GO:0005524
    label: ATP binding
  evidence_type: IEA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000120
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: ATP is the phosphate donor for the AnmK reaction.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: >-
      ATP binding is valid but less informative than the substrate-specific
      kinase reaction.
    supported_by:
    - reference_id: file:PSEPK/anmK/anmK-uniprot.txt
      supporting_text: Reaction=1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-beta-muramate + ATP + H2O
- term:
    id: GO:0006040
    label: amino sugar metabolic process
  evidence_type: IEA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000002
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: AnmK converts the amino sugar anhMurNAc to MurNAc-6-phosphate.
    action: MARK_AS_OVER_ANNOTATED
    reason: >-
      The term is true but much broader than peptidoglycan turnover and
      anhMurNAc metabolism, which capture the biological role more precisely.
- term:
    id: GO:0009254
    label: peptidoglycan turnover
  evidence_type: IEA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000120
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: AnmK channels an anhydro-muropeptide sugar into recycling.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: >-
      The reviewed UniProt record and the P. putida pathway study place AnmK in
      peptidoglycan recycling.
    supported_by:
    - reference_id: file:PSEPK/anmK/anmK-uniprot.txt
      supporting_text: 'PATHWAY: Cell wall biogenesis; peptidoglycan recycling.'
    - reference_id: file:PSEPK/anmK/anmK-uniprot.txt
      supporting_text: Cells lacking this gene accumulate anhMurNAc and
- term:
    id: GO:0016773
    label: phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor
  evidence_type: IEA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000120
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: This is the best available GO term for the AnmK reaction class.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: >-
      GO lacks a substrate-specific term for EC 2.7.1.170. GO:0016773 correctly
      captures phosphorylation of an alcohol group and is retained as the core
      molecular function while the exact AnmK activity is requested below.
- term:
    id: GO:0097175
    label: 1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-beta-muramic acid catabolic process
  evidence_type: IEA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000120
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: AnmK consumes 1,6-anhydro-MurNAc during cell-wall sugar recovery.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: >-
      Ring opening and phosphorylation remove anhMurNAc, even though in
      Pseudomonas the resulting MurNAc-6-phosphate is recycled anabolically
      rather than cleaved by MurQ.
    supported_by:
    - reference_id: file:PSEPK/anmK/anmK-uniprot.txt
      supporting_text: generating MurNAc-6-P
references:
- id: GO_REF:0000002
  title: Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms
  findings: []
- id: GO_REF:0000120
  title: Combined Automated Annotation using Multiple IEA Methods
  findings: []
- id: PMID:28351914
  title: The N-Acetylmuramic Acid 6-Phosphate Phosphatase MupP Completes the Pseudomonas Peptidoglycan Recycling Pathway Leading to Intrinsic Fosfomycin Resistance.
  findings:
  - statement: >-
      The Pseudomonas anabolic route uses AnmK to convert anhMurNAc to
      MurNAc-6-phosphate upstream of MupP, AmgK, and MurU.
    supporting_text: >-
      the anhMurNAc kinase (AnmK) that phosphorylates anhMurNAc, yielding MurNAc 6P, is conserved
  reference_review:
    relevance: HIGH
    correctness: VERIFIED
    review_notes: >-
      Full text is cached and explicitly places AnmK in the P. putida pathway;
      target-specific pathway involvement is also supported by the disruption
      phenotype curated under PMID:23831760, while the exact reaction remains
      family-rule supported.
- id: PMID:23831760
  title: A cell wall recycling shortcut that bypasses peptidoglycan de novo biosynthesis.
  full_text_unavailable: true
  findings:
  - statement: >-
      The reviewed Q88QQ4 record cites this target-species study for AnmK
      function, pathway placement, and the deletion phenotype.
  reference_review:
    relevance: HIGH
    correctness: VERIFIED
    review_notes: >-
      The PMID and title were verified. The cached abstract foregrounds AmgK
      and MurU, so the target-specific AnmK result is grounded through the
      reviewed UniProt record's explicit PubMed attribution.
- id: file:PSEPK/anmK/anmK-uniprot.txt
  title: UniProtKB reviewed entry for anmK (Q88QQ4)
  findings:
  - statement: >-
      The reviewed record gives EC 2.7.1.170, Rhea 24952, pathway placement,
      and a P. putida disruption phenotype.
  reference_review:
    relevance: HIGH
    correctness: VERIFIED
    review_notes: Reviewed UniProtKB entry with exact reaction and target-strain evidence.
- id: file:modules/peptidoglycan_recycling.yaml
  title: Gram-negative peptidoglycan recycling module
  findings:
  - statement: AnmK begins the Pseudomonas anabolic MurNAc salvage arm.
core_functions:
- description: >-
    ATP-dependent phosphorylation and ring opening of
    1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-beta-muramic acid to MurNAc-6-phosphate (EC 2.7.1.170;
    Rhea 24952) during peptidoglycan recycling.
  molecular_function:
    id: GO:0016773
    label: phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor
  directly_involved_in:
  - id: GO:0009254
    label: peptidoglycan turnover
  - id: GO:0097175
    label: 1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-beta-muramic acid catabolic process
  supported_by:
  - reference_id: file:PSEPK/anmK/anmK-uniprot.txt
    supporting_text: >-
      Reaction=1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-beta-muramate + ATP + H2O = N-acetyl-D-
  - reference_id: PMID:28351914
    supporting_text: >-
      the anhMurNAc kinase (AnmK) that phosphorylates anhMurNAc, yielding MurNAc 6P, is conserved
proposed_new_terms:
- proposed_name: 1,6-anhydro-N-acetylmuramic acid kinase activity
  proposed_definition: >-
    Catalysis of the ATP-dependent phosphorylation and ring opening of
    1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-beta-muramate to form N-acetyl-D-muramate
    6-phosphate, ADP, and a proton.
  justification: >-
    EC 2.7.1.170 and Rhea 24952 define a substrate-specific reaction that is
    currently represented only by a broad phosphotransferase term in GOA.
  proposed_parent:
    id: GO:0016773
    label: phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor
  supported_by:
  - reference_id: file:PSEPK/anmK/anmK-uniprot.txt
    supporting_text: EC=2.7.1.170
suggested_questions:
- question: >-
    Does KT2440 AnmK have measurable activity on substrates other than
    1,6-anhydro-MurNAc?
suggested_experiments:
- description: >-
    Purify AnmK and compare kinetics for anhMurNAc and related amino sugars,
    coupled to LC-MS confirmation of MurNAc-6-phosphate.
  experiment_type: biochemical activity assay