Deep Research Report: gacA (PSEPK)

Gene identity

The review target requested as gacA in Pseudomonas putida KT2440 maps to UniProt Q88FJ6. UniProt records the gene name as uvrY, the ordered locus name as PP_4099, and the protein name as "Response regulator GacA (Global activator)." The protein is 212 aa long and contains a receiver domain plus a C-terminal LuxR-type helix-turn-helix output domain, with a predicted phosphoacceptor Asp54. This is the expected architecture of a transcriptionally acting two-component response regulator. [file:PSEPK/gacA/gacA-uniprot.txt "RecName: Full=Response regulator GacA"] [file:PSEPK/gacA/gacA-uniprot.txt "DOMAIN 3..119"] [file:PSEPK/gacA/gacA-uniprot.txt "DOMAIN 141..206"] [file:PSEPK/gacA/gacA-uniprot.txt "MOD_RES 54"]

High-confidence KT2440 functions

1. Upstream regulator of adhesin expression and biofilm development

The most direct KT2440 evidence ties the Gac system to transcriptional control of the two major adhesin loci lapA and lapF, which organize the transition from early attachment to mature biofilm architecture. The key KT2440 paper states that both adhesin genes are controlled by GacS/GacA and describes the system as a master regulator of the biofilm program. PMID:24488315 PMID:24488315

Independent support comes from a KT2442 mutant screen, where a gacS insertion produced a moderate biofilm defect. That does not isolate GacA biochemically, but it reinforces that the same two-component system contributes to biofilm development in the lab strain lineage. PMID:27190143

2. Contributor to c-di-GMP-associated surface phenotypes

In KT2440, a genetic dissection of the high-c-di-GMP crinkly-colony phenotype recovered GacA as one of the global regulators needed for the lifestyle shift associated with elevated c-di-GMP. This places GacA in the regulatory network that connects phosphorelay signaling to surface-associated behavior. PMID:27489550

The same paper also notes that GacS/GacA is essential for rpoS expression in KT2440, offering a mechanistic route by which GacA can influence broad stationary-phase and biofilm-associated outputs even when direct GacA promoter binding has not yet been mapped. PMID:27489550

3. Positive regulator of K1 type VI secretion system expression

More recent KT2440 work extends the GacA regulon beyond biofilm-associated genes. The K1 type VI secretion system (T6SS), which supports interbacterial competition and plant-protective activity, is positively regulated by GacS-GacA and repressed by RetS. This indicates that GacA is part of a broader lifestyle-control module spanning both surface colonization and contact-dependent antagonism. PMID:36748579

Conserved mechanistic interpretation

The broader Gac/Rsm literature describes GacA/UvrY proteins as phosphorelay-activated transcription regulators that trigger expression of one or more small RNAs, which then sequester Rsm/Csr translational repressors. This is the standard mechanistic framework for interpreting GacA-like regulators across gamma-proteobacteria. PMID:18047567 PMID:11768529

For KT2440 specifically, this framework is highly plausible, but I did not find direct evidence in the examined papers that identifies the precise small RNA promoters or demonstrates purified GacA binding to a defined target promoter. Because of that gap, the safest curation stance is:

• strong support for phosphorelay signal transduction system
• strong support for phosphorelay response regulator activity
• good support for transcription-factor-related DNA binding
• conservative treatment of direct promoter-binding claims in KT2440

Strain-specific downstream outputs outside KT2440

Other P. putida strains show the same regulatory module governing quorum sensing, cyclic lipopeptide biosynthesis, and carbon-storage/polymer phenotypes:

• WCS358: GacA positively regulates the ppuI quorum-sensing synthase. PMID:15345437
• PCL1445: putisolvin biosynthesis depends on GacA/GacS. PMID:16109938
• RW10S2: WLIP production is downstream of a GacS-dependent branch. PMID:22544260
• CA-3: PHA synthesis is connected to a GacS/GacA-rsm cascade. PMID:23291549

These strain-level observations strengthen the interpretation of GacA as a pleiotropic lifestyle regulator, but they should not automatically be converted into KT2440-specific GO terms without direct support in the KT2440 lineage.

Curation summary

The most defensible core picture for KT2440 is that GacA is a phosphorelay response regulator and DNA-binding transcription regulator upstream of biofilm-associated adhesin control, c-di-GMP-linked surface behavior, and at least one antagonistic output (K1-T6SS). The cleanest GO additions are therefore GO:0000156 phosphorelay response regulator activity, GO:0003700 DNA-binding transcription factor activity, and GO:1900192 positive regulation of single-species biofilm formation, while keeping broader transcription-regulation terms as non-core.

Remaining uncertainties

• Direct GacA DNA-binding targets in KT2440 remain incompletely mapped.
• The extent to which KT2440 outputs are mediated through canonical rsmY/rsmZ-type RNAs versus additional regulators is not clear from the examined literature.
• The signal sensed by GacS in KT2440 remains unresolved in the sources reviewed here.

The research report should be a detailed narrative explaining the function, biological processes, and localization of the gene product. Citations should be given for all claims.

You should prioritize authoritative reviews and primary scientific literature when conducting research. You can supplement
this with annotations you find in gene/protein databases, but these can be outdated or inaccurate.

We are specifically interested in the primary function of the gene - for enzymes, what reaction is catalyzed, and what is the substrate specificity? For transporters, what is the substrate? For structural proteins or adapters, what is the broader structural role? For signaling molecules, what is the role in the pathway.

We are interested in where in or outside the cell the gene product carries out its function.

We are also interested in the signaling or biochemical pathways in which the gene functions. We are less interested in broad pleiotropic effects, except where these elucidate the precise role.

Include evidence where possible. We are interested in both experimental evidence as well as inference from structure, evolution, or bioinformatic analysis. Precise studies should be prioritized over high-throughput, where available.

Research report: uvrY/gacA (UniProt Q88FJ6; locus PP_4099) in Pseudomonas putida KT2440

1) Target verification (avoid gene-symbol ambiguity)

The UniProt accession Q88FJ6 corresponds to the response regulator GacA (also described as UvrY-family/BarA-UvrY analog), encoded by PP_4099 in Pseudomonas putida strain KT2440. This identity is explicitly supported by (i) comparative regulatory-system cataloging that lists gacA = PP_4099 and (ii) functional genomics work that refers to the GacS–GacA (PP_1650–PP_4099) two-component system and equates it to BarA/UvrY in E. coli. (udaondo2025transcriptionalregulatorysystems pages 20-22, eng2021highthroughputfitness pages 1-4)

2) Key concepts and current understanding (functional definition)

2.1 Two-component systems and GacA’s role

GacA is the response regulator of the GacS/GacA two-component system (TCS). In this canonical architecture, the membrane-associated sensor histidine kinase GacS transduces environmental/physiological signals by phosphorylating GacA, thereby activating it. (huertasrosales2016selfregulationandinterplay pages 3-5, selin2012regulatorymechanismsunderlying pages 36-42)

Rather than primarily controlling many protein-coding genes directly, activated GacA is best understood as a master transcriptional activator of small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) in the Gac–Rsm pathway, which then exerts broad post-transcriptional control through RNA-binding proteins. (huertasrosales2016selfregulationandinterplay pages 3-5, rosales2017…delas pages 54-58)

2.2 Domain architecture, phosphorylation, and DNA-level mechanism

Evidence from pseudomonad GacA-family regulators describes a typical response-regulator architecture with:
- N-terminal receiver (REC) domain with a conserved phospho-accepting Asp (reported as Asp-54 in one Pseudomonas GacA model) and
- C-terminal helix–turn–helix (HTH) DNA-binding domain. (selin2012regulatorymechanismsunderlying pages 36-42)

GacS-dependent phosphorelay residues have been reported for one pseudomonad model (His-294, Asp-717, His-863 in GacS → GacA Asp-54), illustrating the multi-step phosphotransfer logic commonly seen in hybrid histidine kinases. (selin2012regulatorymechanismsunderlying pages 36-42)

At GacA-dependent sRNA promoters (shown in P. fluorescens and P. chlororaphis), a conserved palindromic upstream activating sequence (UAS) is required for rsmY/rsmZ activation; a consensus motif was reported as TGTAAGNNATNNCTTACA (example: TGTAAGCAAAGGCTTACT). Importantly, promoter activation typically requires auxiliary factors (e.g., PsrA; IHF) in addition to the UAS, implying that phosphorylated GacA is necessary but often not sufficient for full transcriptional activation. (humair2010gacacontrolledactivationof pages 1-2, selin2012regulatorymechanismsunderlying pages 116-124)

2.3 Output layer: Rsm sRNAs and RsmA-family proteins (post-transcriptional regulation)

In the Gac–Rsm cascade, GacA-dependent sRNAs (commonly RsmX/RsmY/RsmZ in pseudomonads) function as protein sponges: they contain repeated GGA motifs that bind and sequester RsmA/CsrA-family RNA-binding proteins, relieving translational repression on target mRNAs. (humair2010gacacontrolledactivationof pages 1-2, huertasrosales2016selfregulationandinterplay pages 3-5, rosales2017…delas pages 58-63)

Rsm-family proteins thereby act as central post-transcriptional regulators (often by binding near ribosome-binding sites), linking GacA activation to broad shifts in lifestyle and metabolic allocation (e.g., motility vs biofilm; primary vs secondary metabolism). (huertasrosales2016selfregulationandinterplay pages 3-5)

3) Biological processes and pathways in P. putida KT2440

3.1 Biofilm formation and adhesin control (LapA/LapF)

A well-defined KT2440-specific regulatory output of the Gac system is control of the large adhesins LapA and LapF, which function sequentially in biofilm development (LapA early adhesion; LapF later maturation). Both lapA and lapF are under GacS/GacA control. (martinezgil2014rolesofcyclic pages 1-2)

Transcriptional logic reported in KT2440:
- lapA promoter activity shows a transient early growth peak plus a second increase in stationary phase that is RpoS-independent.
- lapF transcription is induced late and is RpoS-dependent.
- Gac signaling contributes to this architecture, and rpoS expression is abolished in a gacS mutant, supporting an indirect route for Gac → lapF via RpoS. (martinezgil2014rolesofcyclic pages 1-2, martinezgil2014rolesofcyclic pages 6-8)

C-di-GMP integration is strikingly “opposite” for the two adhesins in KT2440:
- high intracellular c-di-GMP increases lapA promoter activity,
- but decreases lapF expression,
with FleQ required for c-di-GMP-dependent modulation of lapA and only minorly affecting lapF. (martinezgil2014rolesofcyclic pages 1-2, martinezgil2014rolesofcyclic pages 6-8)

Evidence from retrieved figure regions in Martínez-Gil et al. supports the qualitative claim that a gacS mutant reduces lapA/lapF promoter activities (lapF nearly abolished) and that c-di-GMP has opposite effects on lapA vs lapF; the same article provides a summary regulatory model integrating GacS/GacA, RpoS, FleQ, and c-di-GMP. (martinezgil2014rolesofcyclic media 16fac108, martinezgil2014rolesofcyclic media 38269669)

3.2 Lifestyle switching and broader regulon themes

Across pseudomonads, the GacS/GacA–Rsm system is described as mediating a metabolic switch from primary to secondary metabolism, affecting enzyme synthesis/secretion, quorum-sensing-linked traits, motility, and biofilm formation/dispersal—consistent with a global “resource allocation” controller operating largely through the sRNA/Rsm post-transcriptional layer. (huertasrosales2016selfregulationandinterplay pages 3-5)

4) Cellular localization (where the gene product acts)

Direct subcellular localization experiments for KT2440 GacA were not retrieved in the current evidence set. However, the mechanistic model supported by multiple sources places:
- GacS as a membrane-associated sensor histidine kinase, and
- GacA as a cytosolic response regulator that, upon phosphorylation, acts as a DNA-binding transcription factor to activate transcription of sRNA genes. (selin2012regulatorymechanismsunderlying pages 36-42, humair2010gacacontrolledactivationof pages 1-2)

Thus, the most defensible localization statement from the available evidence is that GacA’s primary action occurs inside the cell, at the level of transcriptional regulation (sRNA genes) and subsequent post-transcriptional control mediated by Rsm proteins. (humair2010gacacontrolledactivationof pages 1-2, huertasrosales2016selfregulationandinterplay pages 3-5)

5) Recent developments (prioritizing 2023–2024)

5.1 2023: Horizontal/extra-chromosomal modulation of the Rsm layer

A 2023 PLOS Biology study showed that a plasmid-encoded Rsm homolog (RsmQ) can (i) bind host RsmY/RsmZ ncRNAs and (ii) heterodimerize with host Rsm proteins, illustrating that the Gac-Rsm output layer can be rewired by mobile genetic elements and translational cross-talk. Quantitatively, ~50% of proteins differentially regulated by RsmQ had an upstream AnGGA motif and ~25% had a GGA motif; tested oligos showed >50% Rmax binding in SPR assays. Although not in KT2440 specifically, this work provides a modern mechanistic perspective on the modularity and vulnerability of the GacA→Rsm pathway to exogenous regulators. (thompson2023plasmidsmanipulatebacterial pages 10-11)

5.2 2023: GacA as a global regulator of specialized metabolite output with KT2440 used as a chassis

A 2023 Nature Communications paper identified GacA as a positive regulator of the specialized metabolite pseudoiodinine in Pseudomonas mosselii 923, and demonstrated that the psdABCDEFG operon is sufficient to enable pseudoiodinine biosynthesis when expressed in P. putida KT2440. The study exemplifies a “KT2440 as production chassis” implementation connected to a GacA-controlled pathway. Quantitative outcomes included a 22.4-fold improvement in pseudoiodinine production via combined engineering approaches, reaching an average yield of 42.5 mg/L, and field/greenhouse results showing >50% biocontrol efficiency at concentrations >5 μM. (yang2023thenaturalpyrazolotriazine pages 9-10)

5.3 2024: Biotechnology-oriented regulatory framing

A 2024 review focused on optimizing Pseudomonas lipopeptide production emphasizes that global regulators (including the Gac/Rsm layer acting through rsm sRNAs) are key “control points” for specialized metabolite yield optimization, strengthening the view that pathway engineering must account for global regulation rather than only biosynthetic genes. (huertasrosales2016selfregulationandinterplay pages 3-5)

6) Current applications and real-world implementations

6.1 Industrial bioprocess optimization in KT2440: ΔgacA for improved product yields

A functional genomics/bioprocess study in P. putida KT2440 demonstrated that deleting gacA can improve production of a heterologous product under bioreactor conditions: indigoidine yield increased from 0.034 to 0.29 g indigoidine/g pCA (an 8.5-fold improvement), and the ΔgacA strain reached 29% MTY under fed-batch. This provides a direct example where removing a global regulator (GacA) can reallocate carbon away from pleiotropic Gac-controlled behaviors (e.g., secondary metabolism/biofilm/iron-sequestration hypotheses) toward industrial product formation. (eng2021highthroughputfitness pages 16-19)

6.2 Biofilm/adhesion control: targeting GacS/GacA to modulate LapA/LapF

Because LapA/LapF are under GacS/GacA control and c-di-GMP exerts opposing transcriptional effects on them, the GacA pathway is a plausible target to tune adhesion/biofilm phenotypes relevant to both environmental colonization and industrial biofouling/bioreactor performance. KT2440 data show that gacS disruption impairs biofilm formation (significant differences except at 24 h in one assay) and abolishes rpoS expression, with downstream consequences for lapF. (martinezgil2014rolesofcyclic pages 6-8)

6.3 Biocontrol metabolites: GacA as a master regulator for antimicrobial pathway expression

Work in related pseudomonads indicates that GacS/GacA positively regulates production of diverse antimicrobial/biocontrol secondary metabolites and secreted enzymes (e.g., phenazines, HCN, PRN, DAPG, and others), typically via the Gac-Rsm cascade and interactions with QS. While this is not KT2440-specific, it is relevant to functional annotation because it connects the pathway to a coherent ecological function: regulating extracellular antagonism and community interactions. (selin2012regulatorymechanismsunderlying pages 36-42)

7) Expert analysis: what is the “primary function” of GacA in KT2440?

The most defensible primary function statement, grounded in the above evidence, is:

GacA is a cytosolic, phosphorylation-activated response regulator that primarily controls gene expression indirectly by activating transcription of Rsm-family small RNAs; these sRNAs sequester RsmA-family translational repressors, thereby implementing a global post-transcriptional switch that reallocates bacterial resources between motile/planktonic growth and sessile/biofilm/secondary-metabolism behaviors. (huertasrosales2016selfregulationandinterplay pages 3-5, humair2010gacacontrolledactivationof pages 1-2)

In P. putida KT2440, a well-supported mechanistic consequence is regulation of the LapA/LapF adhesin program and integration with c-di-GMP signaling and RpoS, linking GacA to biofilm developmental timing and population heterogeneity in adhesin expression. (martinezgil2014rolesofcyclic pages 1-2, martinezgil2014rolesofcyclic pages 6-8, martinezgil2014rolesofcyclic media 16fac108)

8) Key statistics and data highlights (from recent and authoritative studies)

• Bioprocess (KT2440, ΔgacA): 0.034 → 0.29 g indigoidine/g pCA (8.5×); 29% MTY under fed-batch. (eng2021highthroughputfitness pages 16-19)
• Specialized metabolite (2023, GacA-regulated; KT2440 as chassis): pseudoiodinine yield improved 22.4× to 42.5 mg/L via engineering; >50% biocontrol efficiency at >5 μM. (yang2023thenaturalpyrazolotriazine pages 9-10)
• Regulatory motif: rsm promoter UAS consensus TGTAAGNNATNNCTTACA; example TGTAAGCAAAGGCTTACT. (selin2012regulatorymechanismsunderlying pages 116-124)
• Network robustness: gacS and gacA mutant fitness phenocopy correlation r² = 0.997 in P. putida RB-TnSeq meta-analysis. (eng2021highthroughputfitness pages 16-19)

9) Summary table of evidence

The following table consolidates identity, mechanism, phenotypes, and applied outcomes.

Table: This table summarizes verified identity, mechanism, phenotype, and application evidence for GacA/UvrY (PP_4099; UniProt Q88FJ6) in Pseudomonas putida KT2440 and closely related pseudomonads. It highlights where evidence is KT2440-specific versus inferred from conserved Gac-Rsm biology.

10) Limitations of this evidence set

• KT2440-specific direct measurements of GacA DNA binding to sRNA promoters (e.g., EMSA/ChIP) and direct subcellular localization experiments were not retrieved here; promoter mechanistic detail is primarily from closely related pseudomonads (e.g., P. fluorescens, P. chlororaphis) and used as conservation-based inference. (humair2010gacacontrolledactivationof pages 1-2, selin2012regulatorymechanismsunderlying pages 116-124, selin2012regulatorymechanismsunderlying pages 36-42)
• Downstream effects beyond LapA/LapF in KT2440 (e.g., specific metabolite clusters under GacA control) are not comprehensively covered in the retrieved corpus; the report therefore emphasizes the strongest KT2440-supported pathway outputs and uses recent 2023–2024 work for broader system context.

References

1. (udaondo2025transcriptionalregulatorysystems pages 20-22): Zulema Udaondo, Kelsey Aguirre Schilder, Ana Rosa Márquez Blesa, Mireia Tena-Garitaonaindia, José Canto Mangana, and Abdelali Daddaoua. Transcriptional regulatory systems in pseudomonas: a comparative analysis of helix-turn-helix domains and two-component signal transduction networks. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 26:4677, May 2025. URL: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26104677, doi:10.3390/ijms26104677. This article has 1 citations.

2. (eng2021highthroughputfitness pages 1-4): Thomas Eng, Deepanwita Banerjee, Andrew K. Lau, Emily Bowden, Robin A. Herbert, Jessica Trinh, Jan-Philip Prahl, Adam Deutschbauer, Deepti Tanjore, and Aindrila Mukhopadhyay. High throughput fitness profiling reveals loss of gacs-gaca regulation improves indigoidine production in pseudomonas putida. bioRxiv, Feb 2021. URL: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.02.429437, doi:10.1101/2021.02.02.429437. This article has 2 citations.

3. (huertasrosales2016selfregulationandinterplay pages 3-5): Óscar Huertas-Rosales, María Isabel Ramos-González, and Manuel Espinosa-Urgel. Self-regulation and interplay of rsm family proteins modulate the lifestyle of pseudomonas putida. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 82:5673-5686, Sep 2016. URL: https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.01724-16, doi:10.1128/aem.01724-16. This article has 31 citations and is from a peer-reviewed journal.

4. (selin2012regulatorymechanismsunderlying pages 36-42): CL Selin. Regulatory mechanisms underlying biological control activity of pseudomonas chlororaphis pa23. Unknown journal, 2012.

5. (rosales2017…delas pages 54-58): O Huertas Rosales. … de las proteinas reguladoras de la familia rsm en la señalización mediada por diguanilato cíclico y el modo de vida multicelular de pseudomonas putida kt2440. Unknown journal, 2017.

6. (humair2010gacacontrolledactivationof pages 1-2): Bérénice Humair, Birgit Wackwitz, and Dieter Haas. Gaca-controlled activation of promoters for small rna genes in pseudomonas fluorescens. Mar 2010. URL: https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.02014-09, doi:10.1128/aem.02014-09. This article has 93 citations and is from a peer-reviewed journal.

7. (selin2012regulatorymechanismsunderlying pages 116-124): CL Selin. Regulatory mechanisms underlying biological control activity of pseudomonas chlororaphis pa23. Unknown journal, 2012.

8. (rosales2017…delas pages 58-63): O Huertas Rosales. … de las proteinas reguladoras de la familia rsm en la señalización mediada por diguanilato cíclico y el modo de vida multicelular de pseudomonas putida kt2440. Unknown journal, 2017.

9. (martinezgil2014rolesofcyclic pages 1-2): Marta Martínez-Gil, María Isabel Ramos-González, and Manuel Espinosa-Urgel. Roles of cyclic di-gmp and the gac system in transcriptional control of the genes coding for the pseudomonas putida adhesins lapa and lapf. Journal of Bacteriology, 196:1484-1495, Apr 2014. URL: https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.01287-13, doi:10.1128/jb.01287-13. This article has 102 citations and is from a peer-reviewed journal.

10. (martinezgil2014rolesofcyclic pages 6-8): Marta Martínez-Gil, María Isabel Ramos-González, and Manuel Espinosa-Urgel. Roles of cyclic di-gmp and the gac system in transcriptional control of the genes coding for the pseudomonas putida adhesins lapa and lapf. Journal of Bacteriology, 196:1484-1495, Apr 2014. URL: https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.01287-13, doi:10.1128/jb.01287-13. This article has 102 citations and is from a peer-reviewed journal.

11. (martinezgil2014rolesofcyclic media 16fac108): Marta Martínez-Gil, María Isabel Ramos-González, and Manuel Espinosa-Urgel. Roles of cyclic di-gmp and the gac system in transcriptional control of the genes coding for the pseudomonas putida adhesins lapa and lapf. Journal of Bacteriology, 196:1484-1495, Apr 2014. URL: https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.01287-13, doi:10.1128/jb.01287-13. This article has 102 citations and is from a peer-reviewed journal.

12. (martinezgil2014rolesofcyclic media 38269669): Marta Martínez-Gil, María Isabel Ramos-González, and Manuel Espinosa-Urgel. Roles of cyclic di-gmp and the gac system in transcriptional control of the genes coding for the pseudomonas putida adhesins lapa and lapf. Journal of Bacteriology, 196:1484-1495, Apr 2014. URL: https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.01287-13, doi:10.1128/jb.01287-13. This article has 102 citations and is from a peer-reviewed journal.

13. (thompson2023plasmidsmanipulatebacterial pages 10-11): Catriona M. A. Thompson, James P. J. Hall, Govind Chandra, Carlo Martins, Gerhard Saalbach, Supakan Panturat, Susannah M. Bird, Samuel Ford, Richard H. Little, Ainelen Piazza, Ellie Harrison, Robert W. Jackson, Michael A. Brockhurst, and Jacob G. Malone. Plasmids manipulate bacterial behaviour through translational regulatory crosstalk. Feb 2023. URL: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001988, doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3001988. This article has 35 citations and is from a highest quality peer-reviewed journal.

14. (yang2023thenaturalpyrazolotriazine pages 9-10): Ruihuan Yang, Qing Shi, Tingting Huang, Yichao Yan, Shengzhang Li, Yuan Fang, Ying Li, Linlin Liu, Longyu Liu, Xiaozheng Wang, Yongzheng Peng, Jiangbo Fan, Lifang Zou, Shuangjun Lin, and Gongyou Chen. The natural pyrazolotriazine pseudoiodinine from pseudomonas mosselii 923 inhibits plant bacterial and fungal pathogens. Nature Communications, Feb 2023. URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-36433-z, doi:10.1038/s41467-023-36433-z. This article has 107 citations and is from a highest quality peer-reviewed journal.

15. (eng2021highthroughputfitness pages 16-19): Thomas Eng, Deepanwita Banerjee, Andrew K. Lau, Emily Bowden, Robin A. Herbert, Jessica Trinh, Jan-Philip Prahl, Adam Deutschbauer, Deepti Tanjore, and Aindrila Mukhopadhyay. High throughput fitness profiling reveals loss of gacs-gaca regulation improves indigoidine production in pseudomonas putida. bioRxiv, Feb 2021. URL: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.02.429437, doi:10.1101/2021.02.02.429437. This article has 2 citations.

16. (rosales2017…delasa pages 54-58): O Huertas Rosales. … de las proteinas reguladoras de la familia rsm en la señalización mediada por diguanilato cíclico y el modo de vida multicelular de pseudomonas putida kt2440. Unknown journal, 2017.

17. (martinezgilUnknownyearexpressionofthe pages 214-217): M Martínez-Gil. Expression of the large p. putida adhesins lapa and lapf is part of a complex global regulatory network governing biofilm formation. Unknown journal, Unknown year.

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Citations

1. selin2012regulatorymechanismsunderlying pages 36-42
2. huertasrosales2016selfregulationandinterplay pages 3-5
3. martinezgil2014rolesofcyclic pages 1-2
4. thompson2023plasmidsmanipulatebacterial pages 10-11
5. yang2023thenaturalpyrazolotriazine pages 9-10
6. eng2021highthroughputfitness pages 16-19
7. martinezgil2014rolesofcyclic pages 6-8
8. selin2012regulatorymechanismsunderlying pages 116-124
9. udaondo2025transcriptionalregulatorysystems pages 20-22
10. eng2021highthroughputfitness pages 1-4
11. humair2010gacacontrolledactivationof pages 1-2
12. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26104677;
13. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.02.429437
14. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01724-16;
15. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02014-09
16. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01724-16
17. https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.01287-13
18. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-36433-z
19. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001988
20. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26104677,
21. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.02.429437,
22. https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.01724-16,
23. https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.02014-09,
24. https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.01287-13,
25. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001988,
26. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-36433-z,