glgA

UniProt ID: Q88FN9
Organism: Pseudomonas putida (strain ATCC 47054 / DSM 6125 / CFBP 8728 / NCIMB 11950 / KT2440)
Review Status: DRAFT
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Gene Description

GlgA (PP_4050) is the glycogen/alpha-glucan synthase of Pseudomonas putida KT2440. It is predicted to extend non-reducing alpha-1,4-glucan ends using an UDP-glucose donor, supplying polymer to the connected trehalose and branched-alpha-glucan network. The experimentally characterized Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 ortholog is a UDP-glucose-preferring enzyme in the same PANTHER subfamily; Q88FN9 donor specificity has not been assayed directly.

Existing Annotations Review

GO Term Evidence Action Reason
GO:0004373 alpha-1,4-glucan glucosyltransferase (UDP-glucose donor) activity
IEA
GO_REF:0000002
ACCEPT
Summary: Strong ortholog and pathway-architecture evidence supports UDP-glucose specificity.
Reason: Purified P. aeruginosa PAO1 GlgA preferentially uses UDP-glucose, and the paper explicitly relates this specificity to the absence of glgC across Pseudomonas spp. Q88FN9 and the assayed PAO1 enzyme share PTHR45825:SF8, and KT2440 likewise lacks canonical GlgC. This supports transfer of the UDP-specific function while retaining direct Q88FN9 kinetics as a knowledge gap.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:33872310
The highest polymerase activity was with UDP-glucose, as expected given the lack of the glgC gene coding for the enzyme responsible for the production of ADP-glucose in Pseudomonas spp.
GO:0005978 glycogen biosynthetic process
IEA
GO_REF:0000120
ACCEPT
Summary: GlgA supplies the integrated Pseudomonas pathway that produces branched storage alpha-glucan.
Reason: The reviewed HAMAP assignment places Q88FN9 in glycogen biosynthesis, and experimental analysis of the close P. aeruginosa pathway shows GlgA-dependent formation of linear alpha-1,4-glucan. PAO1 GlgB can branch that product when overexpressed in a sensitized background, but physiological flux normally runs rapidly through TreY/TreZ toward trehalose or maltose and then through GlgE/GlgB to branched polymer. The biological-process annotation captures participation in that integrated biosynthetic pathway; it does not require a dominant direct GlgA-to-GlgB route.
Supporting Evidence:
file:PSEPK/glgA/glgA-uniprot.txt
PATHWAY: Glycan biosynthesis; glycogen biosynthesis.
PMID:33872310
the cluster of genes including glgA is entirely geared towards the production of either trehalose or maltose in vivo.
GO:0009011 alpha-1,4-glucan glucosyltransferase (ADP-glucose donor) activity
IEA
GO_REF:0000120
REMOVE
Summary: The HAMAP-derived ADP-glucose assignment conflicts with Pseudomonas ortholog and pathway evidence.
Reason: UniProt/HAMAP assigns EC 2.4.1.21/RHEA:18189 and ADP-glucose to Q88FN9. In contrast, purified P. aeruginosa PAO1 GlgA preferentially polymerizes UDP-glucose, and the study links this result to the absence of glgC in Pseudomonas spp. The matching glgC-negative KT2440 pathway architecture makes the ADP-glucose-specific electronic annotation unsupported. The same-subfamily PAO1 ortholog is UDP-preferring, and KT2440 lacks the GlgC source of ADP-glucose; GO:0009011 therefore represents the wrong donor- specific sibling activity for this Pseudomonas enzyme.
Supporting Evidence:
file:PSEPK/glgA/glgA-uniprot.txt
DR GO; GO:0009011; F:alpha-1,4-glucan glucosyltransferase (ADP-glucose donor) activity; IEA:UniProtKB-UniRule.
PMID:33872310
GlgA was able to produce linear Ξ±-glucan from UDP-glucose without the addition of an acceptor maltooligosaccharide (Fig 2A).
GO:0016757 glycosyltransferase activity
IEA
GO_REF:0000002
MODIFY
Summary: Correct but less informative than the supported UDP-glucose-specific activity.
Reason: GlgA is securely a glycosyltransferase, but GO:0004373 captures both alpha-1,4-glucan chain extension and the supported UDP-glucose donor.
Supporting Evidence:
file:PSEPK/glgA/glgA-uniprot.txt
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 1 family.
GO:0030979 alpha-glucan biosynthetic process
ISS
PMID:33872310
Trehalose and Ξ±-glucan mediate distinct abiotic stress respo...
NEW
Summary: GlgA-dependent linear glucan formation supports the broader alpha-glucan biosynthetic process.
Reason: Purified PAO1 GlgA forms linear alpha-glucan, and Q88FN9 is the close KT2440 family member in the conserved Pseudomonas alpha-glucan locus. This term records formation of the immediate linear alpha-glucan product alongside participation in integrated glycogen biosynthesis.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:33872310
GlgA was able to produce linear Ξ±-glucan from UDP-glucose without the addition of an acceptor maltooligosaccharide (Fig 2A).

Core Functions

UDP-glucose-dependent extension of alpha-1,4-glucan chains during alpha-glucan and glycogen biosynthesis.

Supporting Evidence:
  • file:PSEPK/glgA/glgA-uniprot.txt
    DE RecName: Full=Glycogen synthase
  • PMID:33872310
    GlgA was able to produce linear Ξ±-glucan from UDP-glucose without the addition of an acceptor maltooligosaccharide (Fig 2A).

References

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Suggested Questions for Experts

Q: Does Q88FN9 use UDP-glucose like PAO1 GlgA, or ADP-glucose as predicted by UniProt/HAMAP?

Suggested Experiments

Experiment: Assay purified Q88FN9 with ADP-glucose and UDP-glucose and measure donor preference, then combine targeted nucleotide-sugar metabolomics with galU disruption or depletion to test the in-vivo donor-supply route.

πŸ“š Additional Documentation

Notes

(glgA-notes.md)

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