GltX is a cytosolic class-I glutamyl-tRNA synthetase that activates glutamate with ATP and attaches it to tRNA(Glu) for translation. Its conserved catalytic architecture includes the HIGH and KMSKS regions. Its putative zinc-binding region differs at two positions from the characterized E. coli and P. aeruginosa canonical coordination sites.
| GO Term | Evidence | Action | Reason |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0000049 tRNA binding | IEA GO_REF:0000002 | ACCEPT | Summary: gltX recognizes the tRNA substrate as an integral enzymatic role. Reason: Curated tRNA substrate recognition and the conserved binding/catalytic architecture support this core capability. Its co-occurrence with ligase activity is not grounds for marking it peripheral. Supporting Evidence: file:PSEPK/gltX/gltX-uniprot.txt Catalyzes the attachment of glutamate to tRNA(Glu) in a two- step reaction: glutamate is first activated by ATP to form Glu-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Glu). {ECO:0000255|HAMAP- Rule:MF_00022}. |
| GO:0000166 nucleotide binding | IEA GO_REF:0000002 | MODIFY | Summary: gltX binds ATP as part of its aminoacylation machinery. Reason: Nucleotide binding is true but broad. The curated glutamate reaction and relevant subunit architecture support the more specific ATP-binding claim; this is integral substrate recognition, not a peripheral role. Proposed replacements: ATP binding Supporting Evidence: file:PSEPK/gltX/gltX-uniprot.txt Reaction=tRNA(Glu) + L-glutamate + ATP = L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu) + AMP + diphosphate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:23540, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:9663, Rhea:RHEA- COMP:9680, ChEBI:CHEBI:29985, ChEBI:CHEBI:30616, ChEBI:CHEBI:33019, ChEBI:CHEBI:78442, ChEBI:CHEBI:78520, ChEBI:CHEBI:456215; EC=6.1.1.17; Evidence={ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00022}; |
| GO:0004812 aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity | IEA GO_REF:0000120 | MODIFY | Summary: gltX has a defined role in the substrate-specific catalytic reaction. Reason: Refine the broad activity to the supported glutamate-tRNA ligase activity. The exact KT2440 curated family/rule assignment supports function by homology, not a purified-target experiment. Proposed replacements: glutamate-tRNA ligase activity Supporting Evidence: file:PSEPK/gltX/gltX-uniprot.txt Reaction=tRNA(Glu) + L-glutamate + ATP = L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu) + AMP + diphosphate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:23540, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:9663, Rhea:RHEA- COMP:9680, ChEBI:CHEBI:29985, ChEBI:CHEBI:30616, ChEBI:CHEBI:33019, ChEBI:CHEBI:78442, ChEBI:CHEBI:78520, ChEBI:CHEBI:456215; EC=6.1.1.17; Evidence={ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00022}; file:PSEPK/gltX/gltX-uniprot.txt Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Glutamate--tRNA ligase type 1 subfamily. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP- Rule:MF_00022}. |
| GO:0004818 glutamate-tRNA ligase activity | IEA GO_REF:0000120 | ACCEPT | Summary: gltX supports its substrate-specific tRNA-ligase activity. Reason: The exact native protein has the corresponding curated HAMAP family/domain and reaction assignment. This supports conserved catalytic capability by homology, not direct KT2440 purification. Supporting Evidence: file:PSEPK/gltX/gltX-uniprot.txt Reaction=tRNA(Glu) + L-glutamate + ATP = L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu) + AMP + diphosphate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:23540, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:9663, Rhea:RHEA- COMP:9680, ChEBI:CHEBI:29985, ChEBI:CHEBI:30616, ChEBI:CHEBI:33019, ChEBI:CHEBI:78442, ChEBI:CHEBI:78520, ChEBI:CHEBI:456215; EC=6.1.1.17; Evidence={ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00022}; file:PSEPK/gltX/gltX-uniprot.txt Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Glutamate--tRNA ligase type 1 subfamily. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP- Rule:MF_00022}. |
| GO:0005524 ATP binding | IEA GO_REF:0000120 | ACCEPT | Summary: gltX contributes integral ATP recognition to its enzymatic reaction. Reason: ATP binding is an integral biochemical property, not a non-core activity merely because it is binding. The curated reaction/architecture supports it by homology for KT2440. Supporting Evidence: file:PSEPK/gltX/gltX-uniprot.txt Reaction=tRNA(Glu) + L-glutamate + ATP = L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu) + AMP + diphosphate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:23540, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:9663, Rhea:RHEA- COMP:9680, ChEBI:CHEBI:29985, ChEBI:CHEBI:30616, ChEBI:CHEBI:33019, ChEBI:CHEBI:78442, ChEBI:CHEBI:78520, ChEBI:CHEBI:456215; EC=6.1.1.17; Evidence={ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00022}; |
| GO:0005737 cytoplasm | IEA GO_REF:0000120 | MODIFY | Summary: gltX acts in the soluble intracellular tRNA-processing system. Reason: The soluble intracellular synthetase acts on cellular tRNAs; refine cytoplasm to the already retained cytosol term. This is a conserved biochemical/localization inference, not native microscopy. Proposed replacements: cytosol Supporting Evidence: file:PSEPK/gltX/gltX-uniprot.txt Cytoplasm {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00022}. |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | IEA GO_REF:0000118 | ACCEPT | Summary: gltX acts in the bacterial cytosol. Reason: The conserved soluble enzyme architecture and curated intracellular localization support this core location. Direct KT2440 imaging is not claimed; lack of such an experiment does not make the supported core location peripheral. Supporting Evidence: file:PSEPK/gltX/gltX-uniprot.txt Cytoplasm {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00022}. |
| GO:0006418 tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation | IEA GO_REF:0000120 | ACCEPT | Summary: gltX directly supplies aminoacyl-tRNA for protein translation. Reason: The curated glutamateβtRNA reaction forms the amino-acidβtRNA ester bond used in translation. This is the current process term, not overannotation merely because a former substrate-specific BP was more detailed. Supporting Evidence: file:PSEPK/gltX/gltX-uniprot.txt Reaction=tRNA(Glu) + L-glutamate + ATP = L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu) + AMP + diphosphate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:23540, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:9663, Rhea:RHEA- COMP:9680, ChEBI:CHEBI:29985, ChEBI:CHEBI:30616, ChEBI:CHEBI:33019, ChEBI:CHEBI:78442, ChEBI:CHEBI:78520, ChEBI:CHEBI:456215; EC=6.1.1.17; Evidence={ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00022}; |
| GO:0006424 glutamyl-tRNA aminoacylation | IEA GO_REF:0000120 | MODIFY | Summary: gltX contributes to translational tRNA aminoacylation; the old substrate-specific BP is obsolete. Reason: Current QuickGO marks this substrate-specific process obsolete because it restates a molecular function. Preserve the original GOA term while replacing it with GO:0006418; retain substrate specificity in the supported ligase molecular function. Proposed replacements: tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation Supporting Evidence: file:PSEPK/gltX/gltX-uniprot.txt Catalyzes the attachment of glutamate to tRNA(Glu) in a two- step reaction: glutamate is first activated by ATP to form Glu-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Glu). {ECO:0000255|HAMAP- Rule:MF_00022}. |
| GO:0008270 zinc ion binding | IEA GO_REF:0000002 | UNDECIDED | Summary: KT2440 GltX loses canonical zinc ligands, but native binding remains unresolved. Reason: The reproduced three-protein alignment maps E. coli C98/C100/C125/H127 and PAO1 C107/C109/C134/H136 to KT2440 C107/C109/A134/L136. Thus the actual three-cysteine/one-histidine site has lost its last two ligands. This establishes divergence of the canonical site, not a negative native zinc-binding assay. Full PMID:25686371 separates zinc occupancy, transplanted-domain binding and catalytic requirement; alternative coordination motifs exist. No native KT2440 metal-content or affinity measurement was found, so the broader zinc-binding claim remains unresolved rather than categorically excluded. Supporting Evidence: file:PSEPK/gltX/gltX-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md The primary E. coli ligands C98/C100/C125/H127 map to KT2440 C107/C109/A134/L136. |
| GO:0043039 tRNA aminoacylation | IEA GO_REF:0000002 | MODIFY | Summary: gltX performs a defined chemical step supplying translation substrates. Reason: gltX directly participates in ATP-dependent glutamate attachment to tRNA for protein translation. Use the precise translational charging process rather than the broader parent; do not retain obsolete substrate-specific BP terms. Proposed replacements: tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation Supporting Evidence: file:PSEPK/gltX/gltX-uniprot.txt Reaction=tRNA(Glu) + L-glutamate + ATP = L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu) + AMP + diphosphate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:23540, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:9663, Rhea:RHEA- COMP:9680, ChEBI:CHEBI:29985, ChEBI:CHEBI:30616, ChEBI:CHEBI:33019, ChEBI:CHEBI:78442, ChEBI:CHEBI:78520, ChEBI:CHEBI:456215; EC=6.1.1.17; Evidence={ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00022}; |
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Experiment: Measure metal occupancy and binding affinity of purified native GltX with appropriate metal-depletion controls, retaining glutamylation activity measurements to distinguish binding from catalytic requirement.
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