Cdc2 (p34cdc2, Cdk1) is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase and the master regulator of the fission-yeast cell cycle, driving both the G1/S and G2/M transitions of the mitotic cycle as well as the meiotic divisions. It is catalytically inert as a monomer and becomes an active kinase only when bound to a B-type cyclin (chiefly the mitotic cyclin Cdc13, with Cig1/Cig2/Puc1 acting at G1/S) together with the small Suc1/Cks1 subunit, forming the cyclin-dependent kinase holoenzyme (MPF). Its activity is further controlled by activating phosphorylation of Thr167 in the activation loop by CAK (Csk1/Mcs6), by inhibitory phosphorylation of Tyr15 (and Thr14) by the Wee1/Mik1 kinases, by activating Tyr15 dephosphorylation by the Cdc25 phosphatase, and by the CDK inhibitor Rum1 that restrains it during G1. Active Cdc2-cyclin phosphorylates Ser/Thr-Pro motifs on more than 200 substrates, and a single rising CDK activity is sufficient to order cell-cycle events through substrate-specific activity thresholds. Through these substrates it controls DNA replication initiation and prevents re-replication, chromosome condensation and segregation, spindle and kinetochore dynamics, mitotic exit, cytokinesis timing, and meiotic progression. Cdc2 acts mainly in the nucleus, at spindle pole bodies, spindles, kinetochores and on chromatin, and its inactivation by checkpoint signaling enforces cell-cycle arrest in response to DNA damage and replication stress.
| GO Term | Evidence | Action | Reason |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0000307 cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the catalytic subunit of the cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme, a cyclin(Cdc13/Cig2)-Cdc2-Suc1(Cks1) complex. Reason: Core cellular component; Cdc2 forms a holoenzyme with a cyclin and the Suc1/Cks1 subunit. |
| GO:0000086 G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 drives the G2/M transition (mitotic entry); the rate-limiting cdc2 function classically defined by the requirement in G2 for control of mitosis and by Tyr15 phospho-regulation of mitotic entry. Reason: Core cell-cycle driving function. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. Supporting Evidence: PMID:27984725 a single genetically engineered cyclin-CDK chimera between the mitotic B-type cyclin Cdc13 and the CDK Cdc2 (Cdc13-L-Cdc2) can substitute for the four cyclin-CDK complexes acting during the mitotic cell PMID:11486016 Cdc2 kinase is a master regulator of cell cycle progression in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Our data indicate that Cdc2 phosphorylates replication factor Orp2, a subunit of the origin recognition complex (ORC). |
| GO:0004672 protein kinase activity | IEA GO_REF:0000002 | MODIFY | Summary: General protein kinase activity; correct ancestor term but uninformative for a CDK. Reason: Over-general parent; replace with the specific cyclin-dependent ser/thr kinase activity. Proposed replacements: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IEA GO_REF:0000120 | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0005524 ATP binding | IEA GO_REF:0000002 | ACCEPT | Summary: ATP binding is required for and intrinsic to the kinase catalytic activity; the ATP-binding pocket (Gly-rich loop, Tyr15) is well characterized. Reason: Correct supporting molecular function for a protein kinase. |
| GO:0005634 nucleus | IEA GO_REF:0000117 | ACCEPT | Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin pool localizes to the nucleus, consistent with phosphorylation of nuclear/chromatin substrates. Reason: Electronic localization consistent with abundant experimental nuclear data for active Cdc2. |
| GO:0005737 cytoplasm | IEA GO_REF:0000044 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Cdc2 is also present in the cytoplasm; a substantial cytoplasmic pool exists in addition to nuclear/SPB pools. Reason: Valid localization but secondary to the functionally critical nuclear/SPB/chromatin pools. |
| GO:0106310 protein serine kinase activity | IEA GO_REF:0000116 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Protein serine kinase activity is a Rhea/ISS electronic term; CDK1 is a Ser/Thr kinase, so this captures only part of the activity. Reason: Partial/over-narrow electronic import; the dual-specificity Ser/Thr activity is correctly captured by GO:0004693/GO:0004674. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:8552194 Interaction of Cdc2 and Cdc18 with a fission yeast ORC2-like... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Records a physical interaction with Orc2/Orp2 (ORC subunit). "protein binding" is uninformative; the biologically meaningful relationships are captured by the holoenzyme complex term and specific downstream/regulatory BP terms. Reason: Bare protein binding adds no functional information; partner-specific function is better represented elsewhere (cyclin binding, holoenzyme complex, substrate-process terms). |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:9115279 Pch1(+), a second essential C-type cyclin gene in Schizosacc... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Records a physical interaction with cyclin Pch1. "protein binding" is uninformative; the biologically meaningful relationships are captured by the holoenzyme complex term and specific downstream/regulatory BP terms. Reason: Bare protein binding adds no functional information; partner-specific function is better represented elsewhere (cyclin binding, holoenzyme complex, substrate-process terms). |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:9303310 p25rum1 promotes proteolysis of the mitotic B-cyclin p56cdc1... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Records a physical interaction with CDK inhibitor Rum1. "protein binding" is uninformative; the biologically meaningful relationships are captured by the holoenzyme complex term and specific downstream/regulatory BP terms. Reason: Bare protein binding adds no functional information; partner-specific function is better represented elsewhere (cyclin binding, holoenzyme complex, substrate-process terms). |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IDA PMID:41354344 The mitotic functions of a fission yeast CK1 enzyme are regu... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0004674 protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IDA PMID:21965289 Nsk1 ensures accurate chromosome segregation by promoting as... | MODIFY | Summary: General protein serine/threonine kinase activity; correct but less informative than the cyclin-dependent term GO:0004693. Reason: Accurate but over-general for a CDK; the cyclin-dependent ser/thr kinase term is the informative core MF. Proposed replacements: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | EXP PMID:39174851 CDK phosphorylation of Sfr1 downregulates Rad51 function in ... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0106310 protein serine kinase activity | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Protein serine kinase activity is a Rhea/ISS electronic term; CDK1 is a Ser/Thr kinase, so this captures only part of the activity. Reason: Partial/over-narrow electronic import; the dual-specificity Ser/Thr activity is correctly captured by GO:0004693/GO:0004674. |
| GO:0051292 nuclear pore complex assembly | EXP NOT PMID:35354597 Quantitative analysis of nuclear pore complex organization i... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is NOT involved in nuclear pore complex assembly; quantitative NPC analysis found no role. Reason: Negated annotation appropriately documents absence of a role. |
| GO:1904547 regulation of cellular response to glucose starvation | IMP PMID:37128864 CDK actively contributes to establishment of the stationary ... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in regulation of cellular response to glucose starvation / stationary-phase establishment, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0140602 nucleolar peripheral inclusion body | IDA PMID:37128864 CDK actively contributes to establishment of the stationary ... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Active CDK localizes to a nucleolar peripheral inclusion body during stationary phase establishment. Reason: Specialized stationary-phase localization; valid but non-core. |
| GO:0004674 protein serine/threonine kinase activity | EXP PMID:36408846 Differential phosphorylation of Clr4(SUV39H) by Cdk1 accompa... | MODIFY | Summary: General protein serine/threonine kinase activity; correct but less informative than the cyclin-dependent term GO:0004693. Reason: Accurate but over-general for a CDK; the cyclin-dependent ser/thr kinase term is the informative core MF. Proposed replacements: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity |
| GO:0044773 mitotic DNA damage checkpoint signaling | EXP PMID:12023299 Cdc2-cyclin B kinase activity links Crb2 and Rqh1-topoisomer... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in mitotic DNA damage checkpoint signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0071957 old mitotic spindle pole body | IDA PMID:1699136 Distinct nuclear and spindle pole body population of cyclin-... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin localizes to the spindle pole body (old/new mitotic SPB; meiotic SPB), a major mitotic/meiotic substrate platform. Reason: Genuine localization of active kinase but a specialized sub-pool, not the core MF. |
| GO:0071958 new mitotic spindle pole body | IDA PMID:1699136 Distinct nuclear and spindle pole body population of cyclin-... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin localizes to the spindle pole body (old/new mitotic SPB; meiotic SPB), a major mitotic/meiotic substrate platform. Reason: Genuine localization of active kinase but a specialized sub-pool, not the core MF. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | EXP PMID:34810257 Ccp1-Ndc80 switch at the N terminus of CENP-T regulates kine... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:1905561 positive regulation of kinetochore assembly | EXP PMID:34810257 Ccp1-Ndc80 switch at the N terminus of CENP-T regulates kine... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of kinetochore assembly, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0072687 meiotic spindle | IDA PMID:12606573 Function of Cdc2p-dependent Bub1p phosphorylation and Bub1p ... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin localizes to the mitotic/meiotic spindle and spindle midzone where it phosphorylates spindle substrates. Reason: Genuine sub-localization of active kinase, peripheral to the core catalytic-activity annotation. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | EXP PMID:12606573 Function of Cdc2p-dependent Bub1p phosphorylation and Bub1p ... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | EXP PMID:34402513 Phosphorylation in the intrinsically disordered region of F-... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:1902413 negative regulation of mitotic cytokinesis | EXP PMID:34402513 Phosphorylation in the intrinsically disordered region of F-... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of mitotic cytokinesis, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | EXP PMID:34133210 Cdk1 phosphorylation of fission yeast paxillin inhibits its ... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:1655416 Phosphorylation at Thr167 is required for Schizosaccharomyce... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Records a physical interaction with cyclin Cdc13 (Thr167-dependent association). "protein binding" is uninformative; the biologically meaningful relationships are captured by the holoenzyme complex term and specific downstream/regulatory BP terms. Reason: Bare protein binding adds no functional information; partner-specific function is better represented elsewhere (cyclin binding, holoenzyme complex, substrate-process terms). |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | EXP PMID:9430640 Regulation of the G1 phase of the cell cycle by periodic sta... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0032436 positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process | IMP PMID:9430640 Regulation of the G1 phase of the cell cycle by periodic sta... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolism, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | EXP PMID:16920624 CDC2 phosphorylation of the fission yeast dis1 ensures accur... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0031568 mitotic G1 cell size control checkpoint signaling | IGI PMID:9398669 A WD repeat protein controls the cell cycle and differentiat... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in mitotic G1 cell size control checkpoint signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0031568 mitotic G1 cell size control checkpoint signaling | IMP PMID:8121488 Regulation of progression through the G1 phase of the cell c... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in mitotic G1 cell size control checkpoint signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IDA PMID:32878942 Phosphoregulation of the cytokinetic protein Fic1 contribute... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:2000099 regulation of establishment or maintenance of bipolar cell polarity | IDA PMID:32878942 Phosphoregulation of the cytokinetic protein Fic1 contribute... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in regulation of bipolar cell polarity (Fic1), reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IDA PMID:23333317 Removal of centrosomal PP1 by NIMA kinase unlocks the MPF fe... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IDA PMID:31644361 A mechanism for how Cdr1/Nim1 kinase promotes mitotic entry ... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IDA PMID:20739936 Phosphorylation of the CPC by Cdk1 promotes chromosome bi-or... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0140429 positive regulation of mitotic sister chromatid biorientation | EXP PMID:20739936 Phosphorylation of the CPC by Cdk1 promotes chromosome bi-or... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of mitotic sister chromatid biorientation, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0110045 negative regulation of cell cycle switching, mitotic to meiotic cell cycle | IMP PMID:17804800 Mei4p coordinates the onset of meiosis I by regulating cdc25... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of mitotic-to-meiotic cell cycle switching, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IDA PMID:11781565 Feedback regulation of the MBF transcription factor by cycli... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IDA PMID:19686686 Phospho-regulated interaction between kinesin-6 Klp9p and mi... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:1904514 positive regulation of initiation of premeiotic DNA replication | IMP PMID:7498766 The role of cdc2 and other genes in meiosis in Schizosacchar... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is essential for initiation of premeiotic DNA replication. Reason: Core meiotic function supported by classic genetic analysis. Supporting Evidence: PMID:7498766 The cdc2 gene, which is required for the initiation of both mitotic S-phase and M-phase, is essential for premeiotic DNA synthesis and meiosis II. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:10581266 The identification of Wos2, a p23 homologue that interacts w... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Records a physical interaction with Wos2 (p23 homologue). "protein binding" is uninformative; the biologically meaningful relationships are captured by the holoenzyme complex term and specific downstream/regulatory BP terms. Reason: Bare protein binding adds no functional information; partner-specific function is better represented elsewhere (cyclin binding, holoenzyme complex, substrate-process terms). |
| GO:1905757 negative regulation of primary cell septum biogenesis | IMP PMID:29813053 Specific detection of fission yeast primary septum reveals s... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of primary cell septum biogenesis, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0062123 regulation of linear element maturation | IMP PMID:30640914 CDK contribution to DSB formation and recombination in fissi... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in regulation of linear element maturation (meiosis), reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:1905263 positive regulation of meiotic DNA double-strand break formation involved in reciprocal meiotic recombination | IMP PMID:30640914 CDK contribution to DSB formation and recombination in fissi... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of meiotic DSB formation, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0072441 response to meiotic DNA replication checkpoint signaling | EXP PMID:10521402 Meiotic DNA replication checkpoint control in fission yeast. | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in response to meiotic DNA replication checkpoint signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IDA PMID:9353247 Regulation of the replication initiator protein p65cdc18 by ... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IMP PMID:9353247 Regulation of the replication initiator protein p65cdc18 by ... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IMP PMID:9303310 p25rum1 promotes proteolysis of the mitotic B-cyclin p56cdc1... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | EXP PMID:9755169 Cdc18 transcription and proteolysis couple S phase to passag... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0045732 positive regulation of protein catabolic process | EXP PMID:9755169 Cdc18 transcription and proteolysis couple S phase to passag... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of protein catabolic process (Cdc18 turnover), reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:1900087 positive regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle | IMP PMID:9034336 Fission yeast pheromone blocks S-phase by inhibiting the G1 ... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 (as G1/S cyclin-CDK) positively regulates the G1/S transition. Reason: Core cell-cycle function consistent with Cdc2 driving S-phase entry. |
| GO:0005634 nucleus | IDA PMID:29123917 The telomere bouquet facilitates meiotic prophase progressio... | ACCEPT | Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin pool localizes to the nucleus, consistent with phosphorylation of nuclear/chromatin substrates. Reason: Experimentally supported nuclear localization of active kinase. |
| GO:1903500 negative regulation of mitotic actomyosin contractile ring assembly | IMP PMID:29343550 Cdk1-dependent phosphoinhibition of a formin-F-BAR interacti... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of mitotic actomyosin contractile ring assembly, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | EXP PMID:29343550 Cdk1-dependent phosphoinhibition of a formin-F-BAR interacti... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IDA PMID:26804917 Spatiotemporal Control of Forkhead Binding to DNA Regulates ... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0110044 regulation of cell cycle switching, mitotic to meiotic cell cycle | IDA PMID:26804917 Spatiotemporal Control of Forkhead Binding to DNA Regulates ... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in regulation of mitotic-to-meiotic cell cycle switching, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0140445 chromosome, telomeric repeat region | EXP PMID:29123917 The telomere bouquet facilitates meiotic prophase progressio... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Cdc2-cyclin associates with chromatin (including telomeric repeat regions), e.g. stable association with replication origins that prevents endoreduplication. Reason: Genuine chromatin localization linked to replication control; peripheral to core MF. |
| GO:0097472 cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity | IDA PMID:22665807 Multisite phosphoregulation of Cdc25 activity refines the mi... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity is a valid but slightly less specific statement of the core CDK catalytic activity captured more precisely by GO:0004693. Reason: Correct and core; GO:0004693 is the preferred more specific term but this parent is also accurate. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | EXP PMID:27984725 CDK Substrate Phosphorylation and Ordering the Cell Cycle. | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0042307 positive regulation of protein import into nucleus | IMP PMID:10485849 Fission yeast condensin complex: essential roles of non-SMC ... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of protein import into nucleus, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0031536 positive regulation of exit from mitosis | IMP PMID:16950791 Role of Hcn1 and its phosphorylation in fission yeast anapha... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of exit from mitosis, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:1905785 negative regulation of anaphase-promoting complex-dependent catabolic process | IMP PMID:10921878 Fission yeast Fizzy-related protein srw1p is a G(1)-specific... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of APC-dependent catabolic process, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IMP PMID:19523829 Phosphorylation state defines discrete roles for monopolin i... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0140429 positive regulation of mitotic sister chromatid biorientation | IMP PMID:19523829 Phosphorylation state defines discrete roles for monopolin i... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of mitotic sister chromatid biorientation, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:1902845 negative regulation of mitotic spindle elongation | IMP PMID:19523829 Phosphorylation state defines discrete roles for monopolin i... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of mitotic spindle elongation, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:1903380 positive regulation of mitotic chromosome condensation | IMP PMID:10485849 Fission yeast condensin complex: essential roles of non-SMC ... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of mitotic chromosome condensation (Cut3/SMC4), reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:1903467 negative regulation of mitotic DNA replication initiation | IMP PMID:11486016 Control of DNA rereplication via Cdc2 phosphorylation sites ... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of mitotic DNA replication initiation (anti-rereplication), reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. Supporting Evidence: PMID:11486016 Cdc2 phosphorylation of Orp2 appears to be one of multiple mechanisms by which Cdc2 prevents DNA rereplication in a single cell cycle. |
| GO:1903467 negative regulation of mitotic DNA replication initiation | IMP PMID:9436991 Negative regulation of Cdc18 DNA replication protein by Cdc2... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of mitotic DNA replication initiation (anti-rereplication), reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0000776 kinetochore | EXP PMID:11683390 In vivo localisation of fission yeast cyclin-dependent kinas... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin localizes to the kinetochore, consistent with phosphorylation of kinetochore substrates (Nsk1, CENP-T/Cnp20, Bub1). Reason: Genuine sub-localization, peripheral to the core MF. |
| GO:0005634 nucleus | EXP PMID:11683390 In vivo localisation of fission yeast cyclin-dependent kinas... | ACCEPT | Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin pool localizes to the nucleus, consistent with phosphorylation of nuclear/chromatin substrates. Reason: Experimentally supported nuclear localization of active kinase. |
| GO:0035974 meiotic spindle pole body | EXP PMID:11683390 In vivo localisation of fission yeast cyclin-dependent kinas... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin localizes to the spindle pole body (old/new mitotic SPB; meiotic SPB), a major mitotic/meiotic substrate platform. Reason: Genuine localization of active kinase but a specialized sub-pool, not the core MF. |
| GO:0044732 mitotic spindle pole body | EXP PMID:11683390 In vivo localisation of fission yeast cyclin-dependent kinas... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin localizes to the spindle pole body (old/new mitotic SPB; meiotic SPB), a major mitotic/meiotic substrate platform. Reason: Genuine localization of active kinase but a specialized sub-pool, not the core MF. |
| GO:0072686 mitotic spindle | EXP PMID:11683390 In vivo localisation of fission yeast cyclin-dependent kinas... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin localizes to the mitotic/meiotic spindle and spindle midzone where it phosphorylates spindle substrates. Reason: Genuine sub-localization of active kinase, peripheral to the core catalytic-activity annotation. |
| GO:0005737 cytoplasm | EXP PMID:11683390 In vivo localisation of fission yeast cyclin-dependent kinas... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Cdc2 is also present in the cytoplasm; a substantial cytoplasmic pool exists in addition to nuclear/SPB pools. Reason: Valid localization but secondary to the functionally critical nuclear/SPB/chromatin pools. |
| GO:0072435 response to mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling | IMP PMID:9278510 Cdc25 mitotic inducer targeted by chk1 DNA damage checkpoint... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in response to mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0045842 positive regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition | IMP PMID:7774573 Dominant mutants identify new roles for p34cdc2 in mitosis. | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:26131711 Two Distinct Cdc2 Pools Regulate Cell Cycle Progression and ... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Records a physical interaction with a Cdc2 interactor. "protein binding" is uninformative; the biologically meaningful relationships are captured by the holoenzyme complex term and specific downstream/regulatory BP terms. Reason: Bare protein binding adds no functional information; partner-specific function is better represented elsewhere (cyclin binding, holoenzyme complex, substrate-process terms). |
| GO:0072435 response to mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling | IPI PMID:26131711 Two Distinct Cdc2 Pools Regulate Cell Cycle Progression and ... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in response to mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0001100 negative regulation of exit from mitosis | EXP PMID:16950131 Phospho-regulation of the Cdc14/Clp1 phosphatase delays late... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of exit from mitosis, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IMP PMID:10485849 Fission yeast condensin complex: essential roles of non-SMC ... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:1903465 positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle DNA replication | EXP PMID:11937031 CDK phosphorylation of Drc1 regulates DNA replication in fis... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle DNA replication, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:1902845 negative regulation of mitotic spindle elongation | IMP PMID:19686686 Phospho-regulated interaction between kinesin-6 Klp9p and mi... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of mitotic spindle elongation, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0072435 response to mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling | IGI PMID:9042863 Cdc2 tyrosine phosphorylation is required for the DNA damage... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in response to mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IDA PMID:9436991 Negative regulation of Cdc18 DNA replication protein by Cdc2... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0005634 nucleus | IDA PMID:11084332 Cut8, essential for anaphase, controls localization of 26S p... | ACCEPT | Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin pool localizes to the nucleus, consistent with phosphorylation of nuclear/chromatin substrates. Reason: Experimentally supported nuclear localization of active kinase. |
| GO:1990023 mitotic spindle midzone | IDA PMID:11084332 Cut8, essential for anaphase, controls localization of 26S p... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin localizes to the mitotic/meiotic spindle and spindle midzone where it phosphorylates spindle substrates. Reason: Genuine sub-localization of active kinase, peripheral to the core catalytic-activity annotation. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | EXP PMID:25487150 A PP1-PP2A phosphatase relay controls mitotic progression. | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IDA PMID:7957097 Phosphorylation of dis2 protein phosphatase at the C-termina... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IDA PMID:16950791 Role of Hcn1 and its phosphorylation in fission yeast anapha... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0000785 chromatin | IDA PMID:12419251 Stable association of mitotic cyclin B/Cdc2 to replication o... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Cdc2-cyclin associates with chromatin (including telomeric repeat regions), e.g. stable association with replication origins that prevents endoreduplication. Reason: Genuine chromatin localization linked to replication control; peripheral to core MF. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IDA PMID:22959349 Telomere-nuclear envelope dissociation promoted by Rap1 phos... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:1904537 negative regulation of mitotic telomere tethering at nuclear periphery | IPI PMID:22959349 Telomere-nuclear envelope dissociation promoted by Rap1 phos... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of mitotic telomere tethering, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IDA PMID:25533340 Cdk1 restrains NHEJ through phosphorylation of XRCC4-like fa... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:2001033 negative regulation of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining | IMP PMID:25533340 Cdk1 restrains NHEJ through phosphorylation of XRCC4-like fa... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of NHEJ (Xlf1 phosphorylation), reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:2665944 Regulation of p34cdc2 protein kinase during mitosis. | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Records a physical interaction with a Cdc2 mitotic interactor. "protein binding" is uninformative; the biologically meaningful relationships are captured by the holoenzyme complex term and specific downstream/regulatory BP terms. Reason: Bare protein binding adds no functional information; partner-specific function is better represented elsewhere (cyclin binding, holoenzyme complex, substrate-process terms). |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IDA PMID:16950131 Phospho-regulation of the Cdc14/Clp1 phosphatase delays late... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0031138 negative regulation of conjugation with cellular fusion | IMP PMID:18059475 Cdc2p controls the forkhead transcription factor Fkh2p by ph... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of conjugation with cellular fusion, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IMP PMID:10921876 APC(ste9/srw1) promotes degradation of mitotic cyclins in G(... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IDA PMID:10921878 Fission yeast Fizzy-related protein srw1p is a G(1)-specific... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:1905785 negative regulation of anaphase-promoting complex-dependent catabolic process | IMP PMID:10921876 APC(ste9/srw1) promotes degradation of mitotic cyclins in G(... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of APC-dependent catabolic process, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0031573 mitotic intra-S DNA damage checkpoint signaling | IMP PMID:15297457 On the slowing of S phase in response to DNA damage in fissi... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in mitotic intra-S DNA damage checkpoint signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IDA PMID:9177184 Interaction of the S phase regulator cdc18 with cyclin-depen... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0004672 protein kinase activity | IDA PMID:3516412 The cell cycle control gene cdc2+ of fission yeast encodes a... | MODIFY | Summary: General protein kinase activity; correct ancestor term but uninformative for a CDK. Reason: Over-general parent; replace with the specific cyclin-dependent ser/thr kinase activity. Proposed replacements: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IDA PMID:24920823 Cdk1 promotes cytokinesis in fission yeast through activatio... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0031031 positive regulation of septation initiation signaling | IMP PMID:24920823 Cdk1 promotes cytokinesis in fission yeast through activatio... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of septation initiation signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0051446 positive regulation of meiotic cell cycle | IMP PMID:7498766 The role of cdc2 and other genes in meiosis in Schizosacchar... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is required to drive the meiotic divisions; essential for premeiotic DNA synthesis and meiosis II. Reason: Core meiotic cell-cycle function. Supporting Evidence: PMID:7498766 The cdc2 gene, which is required for the initiation of both mitotic S-phase and M-phase, is essential for premeiotic DNA synthesis and meiosis II. |
| GO:0000086 G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle | IMP PMID:2665944 Regulation of p34cdc2 protein kinase during mitosis. | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 drives the G2/M transition (mitotic entry); the rate-limiting cdc2 function classically defined by the requirement in G2 for control of mitosis and by Tyr15 phospho-regulation of mitotic entry. Reason: Core cell-cycle driving function. Supporting Evidence: PMID:2682257 Substitution of this tyrosine by phenylalanine advances cells prematurely into mitosis, establishing that tyrosine phosphorylation/dephosphorylation directly regulates pp34 function. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IDA PMID:24074952 Phosphorylation-dependent assembly and coordination of the D... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0005634 nucleus | IDA PMID:2534559 Fission yeast cyclin: subcellular localisation and cell cycl... | ACCEPT | Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin pool localizes to the nucleus, consistent with phosphorylation of nuclear/chromatin substrates. Reason: Experimentally supported nuclear localization of active kinase. |
| GO:0097472 cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity | IDA PMID:2665944 Regulation of p34cdc2 protein kinase during mitosis. | ACCEPT | Summary: Cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity is a valid but slightly less specific statement of the core CDK catalytic activity captured more precisely by GO:0004693. Reason: Correct and core; GO:0004693 is the preferred more specific term but this parent is also accurate. |
| GO:1990820 response to mitotic DNA integrity checkpoint signaling | IGI PMID:12186947 A novel chk1-dependent G1/M checkpoint in fission yeast. | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in response to mitotic DNA integrity checkpoint signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IDA PMID:11486016 Control of DNA rereplication via Cdc2 phosphorylation sites ... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:1902424 negative regulation of attachment of mitotic spindle microtubules to kinetochore | IMP PMID:22065639 Cdk1 phosphorylation of the kinetochore protein Nsk1 prevent... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of mitotic spindle MT attachment to kinetochore, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. |
| GO:0000307 cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex | IDA PMID:3322810 p13suc1 acts in the fission yeast cell division cycle as a c... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the catalytic subunit of the cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme, a cyclin(Cdc13/Cig2)-Cdc2-Suc1(Cks1) complex. Reason: Core cellular component; Cdc2 forms a holoenzyme with a cyclin and the Suc1/Cks1 subunit. Supporting Evidence: PMID:3322810 p13suc1 was found in yeast lysates in a complex with the cdc2+ gene product. |
| GO:0097472 cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity | IDA PMID:3322810 p13suc1 acts in the fission yeast cell division cycle as a c... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity is a valid but slightly less specific statement of the core CDK catalytic activity captured more precisely by GO:0004693. Reason: Correct and core; GO:0004693 is the preferred more specific term but this parent is also accurate. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IDA PMID:22065639 Cdk1 phosphorylation of the kinetochore protein Nsk1 prevent... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0004672 protein kinase activity | IDA PMID:2569363 The fission yeast cdc2/cdc13/suc1 protein kinase: regulation... | MODIFY | Summary: General protein kinase activity; correct ancestor term but uninformative for a CDK. Reason: Over-general parent; replace with the specific cyclin-dependent ser/thr kinase activity. Proposed replacements: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity |
| GO:0005634 nucleus | IDA PMID:2569363 The fission yeast cdc2/cdc13/suc1 protein kinase: regulation... | ACCEPT | Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin pool localizes to the nucleus, consistent with phosphorylation of nuclear/chromatin substrates. Reason: Experimentally supported nuclear localization of active kinase. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IGI PMID:2569363 The fission yeast cdc2/cdc13/suc1 protein kinase: regulation... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0000082 G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle | IMP PMID:7254352 Gene required in G1 for commitment to cell cycle and in G2 f... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 drives the G1/S transition of the mitotic cell cycle; genetically required in G1 for commitment to the cell cycle (Nurse & Bissett). Reason: Core cell-cycle driving function, classic genetic evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:7254352 Gene required in G1 for commitment to cell cycle and in G2 for control of mitosis in fission yeast. |
| GO:0000086 G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle | IMP PMID:7254352 Gene required in G1 for commitment to cell cycle and in G2 f... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 drives the G2/M transition (mitotic entry); the rate-limiting cdc2 function classically defined by the requirement in G2 for control of mitosis and by Tyr15 phospho-regulation of mitotic entry. Reason: Core cell-cycle driving function. Supporting Evidence: PMID:7254352 Gene required in G1 for commitment to cell cycle and in G2 for control of mitosis in fission yeast. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IDA PMID:18059475 Cdc2p controls the forkhead transcription factor Fkh2p by ph... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IDA PMID:11937031 CDK phosphorylation of Drc1 regulates DNA replication in fis... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IDA PMID:9242669 A novel protein, Psp1, essential for cell cycle progression ... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:8455610 Two fission yeast B-type cyclins, cig2 and Cdc13, have diffe... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Records a physical interaction with cyclin Cig2. "protein binding" is uninformative; the biologically meaningful relationships are captured by the holoenzyme complex term and specific downstream/regulatory BP terms. Reason: Bare protein binding adds no functional information; partner-specific function is better represented elsewhere (cyclin binding, holoenzyme complex, substrate-process terms). |
| GO:0000307 cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex | IPI PMID:2682257 Tyrosine phosphorylation of the fission yeast cdc2+ protein ... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cdc2 is the catalytic subunit of the cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme, a cyclin(Cdc13/Cig2)-Cdc2-Suc1(Cks1) complex. Reason: Core cellular component; Cdc2 forms a holoenzyme with a cyclin and the Suc1/Cks1 subunit. |
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Download this section (compressed HTML)Q: Which of the >200 identified Cdc2 substrates are individually rate-limiting for ordering specific cell-cycle events, versus collectively contributing through the activity-threshold model?
Q: To what extent is substrate selection determined by cyclin identity (Cdc13 vs Cig1/Cig2/Puc1) versus simply by total CDK activity level in vivo?
Q: How do the spatially distinct Cdc2 pools (nuclear, spindle pole body, kinetochore, chromatin, cytoplasmic) differ in their substrate repertoire and regulation?
Experiment: Systematic analog-sensitive (as-CDK) chemical-genetic inactivation combined with quantitative phosphoproteomics across synchronized mitotic and meiotic time-courses to map substrate-specific activity thresholds and assign each substrate to a cell-cycle event.
Experiment: Targeted, substrate-non-phosphorylatable (S/T-to-A) allele panels for individual Cdc2 substrates to determine which downstream processes (e.g. condensation, kinetochore assembly, cytokinesis timing) genetically require direct Cdc2 phosphorylation.
Experiment: Live-cell imaging with cyclin-specific tagged Cdc2 complexes to quantify the spatiotemporal dynamics of distinct Cdc2-cyclin pools at SPBs, kinetochores and chromatin during mitosis and meiosis.
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