cdc2

Existing Annotations Review

GO Term	Evidence	Action	Reason
GO:0000307 cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex	IBA GO_REF:0000033	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the catalytic subunit of the cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme, a cyclin(Cdc13/Cig2)-Cdc2-Suc1(Cks1) complex. Reason: Core cellular component; Cdc2 forms a holoenzyme with a cyclin and the Suc1/Cks1 subunit.
GO:0000086 G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle	IBA GO_REF:0000033	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 drives the G2/M transition (mitotic entry); the rate-limiting cdc2 function classically defined by the requirement in G2 for control of mitosis and by Tyr15 phospho-regulation of mitotic entry. Reason: Core cell-cycle driving function.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IBA GO_REF:0000033	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity. Supporting Evidence: PMID:27984725 a single genetically engineered cyclin-CDK chimera between the mitotic B-type cyclin Cdc13 and the CDK Cdc2 (Cdc13-L-Cdc2) can substitute for the four cyclin-CDK complexes acting during the mitotic cell PMID:11486016 Cdc2 kinase is a master regulator of cell cycle progression in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Our data indicate that Cdc2 phosphorylates replication factor Orp2, a subunit of the origin recognition complex (ORC).
GO:0004672 protein kinase activity	IEA GO_REF:0000002	MODIFY	Summary: General protein kinase activity; correct ancestor term but uninformative for a CDK. Reason: Over-general parent; replace with the specific cyclin-dependent ser/thr kinase activity. Proposed replacements: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IEA GO_REF:0000120	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0005524 ATP binding	IEA GO_REF:0000002	ACCEPT	Summary: ATP binding is required for and intrinsic to the kinase catalytic activity; the ATP-binding pocket (Gly-rich loop, Tyr15) is well characterized. Reason: Correct supporting molecular function for a protein kinase.
GO:0005634 nucleus	IEA GO_REF:0000117	ACCEPT	Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin pool localizes to the nucleus, consistent with phosphorylation of nuclear/chromatin substrates. Reason: Electronic localization consistent with abundant experimental nuclear data for active Cdc2.
GO:0005737 cytoplasm	IEA GO_REF:0000044	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Cdc2 is also present in the cytoplasm; a substantial cytoplasmic pool exists in addition to nuclear/SPB pools. Reason: Valid localization but secondary to the functionally critical nuclear/SPB/chromatin pools.
GO:0106310 protein serine kinase activity	IEA GO_REF:0000116	MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED	Summary: Protein serine kinase activity is a Rhea/ISS electronic term; CDK1 is a Ser/Thr kinase, so this captures only part of the activity. Reason: Partial/over-narrow electronic import; the dual-specificity Ser/Thr activity is correctly captured by GO:0004693/GO:0004674.
GO:0005515 protein binding	IPI PMID:8552194 Interaction of Cdc2 and Cdc18 with a fission yeast ORC2-like...	MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED	Summary: Records a physical interaction with Orc2/Orp2 (ORC subunit). "protein binding" is uninformative; the biologically meaningful relationships are captured by the holoenzyme complex term and specific downstream/regulatory BP terms. Reason: Bare protein binding adds no functional information; partner-specific function is better represented elsewhere (cyclin binding, holoenzyme complex, substrate-process terms).
GO:0005515 protein binding	IPI PMID:9115279 Pch1(+), a second essential C-type cyclin gene in Schizosacc...	MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED	Summary: Records a physical interaction with cyclin Pch1. "protein binding" is uninformative; the biologically meaningful relationships are captured by the holoenzyme complex term and specific downstream/regulatory BP terms. Reason: Bare protein binding adds no functional information; partner-specific function is better represented elsewhere (cyclin binding, holoenzyme complex, substrate-process terms).
GO:0005515 protein binding	IPI PMID:9303310 p25rum1 promotes proteolysis of the mitotic B-cyclin p56cdc1...	MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED	Summary: Records a physical interaction with CDK inhibitor Rum1. "protein binding" is uninformative; the biologically meaningful relationships are captured by the holoenzyme complex term and specific downstream/regulatory BP terms. Reason: Bare protein binding adds no functional information; partner-specific function is better represented elsewhere (cyclin binding, holoenzyme complex, substrate-process terms).
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA PMID:41354344 The mitotic functions of a fission yeast CK1 enzyme are regu...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0004674 protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA PMID:21965289 Nsk1 ensures accurate chromosome segregation by promoting as...	MODIFY	Summary: General protein serine/threonine kinase activity; correct but less informative than the cyclin-dependent term GO:0004693. Reason: Accurate but over-general for a CDK; the cyclin-dependent ser/thr kinase term is the informative core MF. Proposed replacements: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	EXP PMID:39174851 CDK phosphorylation of Sfr1 downregulates Rad51 function in ...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0106310 protein serine kinase activity	ISS GO_REF:0000024	MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED	Summary: Protein serine kinase activity is a Rhea/ISS electronic term; CDK1 is a Ser/Thr kinase, so this captures only part of the activity. Reason: Partial/over-narrow electronic import; the dual-specificity Ser/Thr activity is correctly captured by GO:0004693/GO:0004674.
GO:0051292 nuclear pore complex assembly	EXP NOT PMID:35354597 Quantitative analysis of nuclear pore complex organization i...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is NOT involved in nuclear pore complex assembly; quantitative NPC analysis found no role. Reason: Negated annotation appropriately documents absence of a role.
GO:1904547 regulation of cellular response to glucose starvation	IMP PMID:37128864 CDK actively contributes to establishment of the stationary ...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in regulation of cellular response to glucose starvation / stationary-phase establishment, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0140602 nucleolar peripheral inclusion body	IDA PMID:37128864 CDK actively contributes to establishment of the stationary ...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Active CDK localizes to a nucleolar peripheral inclusion body during stationary phase establishment. Reason: Specialized stationary-phase localization; valid but non-core.
GO:0004674 protein serine/threonine kinase activity	EXP PMID:36408846 Differential phosphorylation of Clr4(SUV39H) by Cdk1 accompa...	MODIFY	Summary: General protein serine/threonine kinase activity; correct but less informative than the cyclin-dependent term GO:0004693. Reason: Accurate but over-general for a CDK; the cyclin-dependent ser/thr kinase term is the informative core MF. Proposed replacements: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
GO:0044773 mitotic DNA damage checkpoint signaling	EXP PMID:12023299 Cdc2-cyclin B kinase activity links Crb2 and Rqh1-topoisomer...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in mitotic DNA damage checkpoint signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0071957 old mitotic spindle pole body	IDA PMID:1699136 Distinct nuclear and spindle pole body population of cyclin-...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin localizes to the spindle pole body (old/new mitotic SPB; meiotic SPB), a major mitotic/meiotic substrate platform. Reason: Genuine localization of active kinase but a specialized sub-pool, not the core MF.
GO:0071958 new mitotic spindle pole body	IDA PMID:1699136 Distinct nuclear and spindle pole body population of cyclin-...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin localizes to the spindle pole body (old/new mitotic SPB; meiotic SPB), a major mitotic/meiotic substrate platform. Reason: Genuine localization of active kinase but a specialized sub-pool, not the core MF.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	EXP PMID:34810257 Ccp1-Ndc80 switch at the N terminus of CENP-T regulates kine...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:1905561 positive regulation of kinetochore assembly	EXP PMID:34810257 Ccp1-Ndc80 switch at the N terminus of CENP-T regulates kine...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of kinetochore assembly, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0072687 meiotic spindle	IDA PMID:12606573 Function of Cdc2p-dependent Bub1p phosphorylation and Bub1p ...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin localizes to the mitotic/meiotic spindle and spindle midzone where it phosphorylates spindle substrates. Reason: Genuine sub-localization of active kinase, peripheral to the core catalytic-activity annotation.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	EXP PMID:12606573 Function of Cdc2p-dependent Bub1p phosphorylation and Bub1p ...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	EXP PMID:34402513 Phosphorylation in the intrinsically disordered region of F-...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:1902413 negative regulation of mitotic cytokinesis	EXP PMID:34402513 Phosphorylation in the intrinsically disordered region of F-...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of mitotic cytokinesis, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	EXP PMID:34133210 Cdk1 phosphorylation of fission yeast paxillin inhibits its ...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0005515 protein binding	IPI PMID:1655416 Phosphorylation at Thr167 is required for Schizosaccharomyce...	MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED	Summary: Records a physical interaction with cyclin Cdc13 (Thr167-dependent association). "protein binding" is uninformative; the biologically meaningful relationships are captured by the holoenzyme complex term and specific downstream/regulatory BP terms. Reason: Bare protein binding adds no functional information; partner-specific function is better represented elsewhere (cyclin binding, holoenzyme complex, substrate-process terms).
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	EXP PMID:9430640 Regulation of the G1 phase of the cell cycle by periodic sta...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0032436 positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process	IMP PMID:9430640 Regulation of the G1 phase of the cell cycle by periodic sta...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolism, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	EXP PMID:16920624 CDC2 phosphorylation of the fission yeast dis1 ensures accur...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0031568 mitotic G1 cell size control checkpoint signaling	IGI PMID:9398669 A WD repeat protein controls the cell cycle and differentiat...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in mitotic G1 cell size control checkpoint signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0031568 mitotic G1 cell size control checkpoint signaling	IMP PMID:8121488 Regulation of progression through the G1 phase of the cell c...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in mitotic G1 cell size control checkpoint signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA PMID:32878942 Phosphoregulation of the cytokinetic protein Fic1 contribute...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:2000099 regulation of establishment or maintenance of bipolar cell polarity	IDA PMID:32878942 Phosphoregulation of the cytokinetic protein Fic1 contribute...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in regulation of bipolar cell polarity (Fic1), reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA PMID:23333317 Removal of centrosomal PP1 by NIMA kinase unlocks the MPF fe...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA PMID:31644361 A mechanism for how Cdr1/Nim1 kinase promotes mitotic entry ...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA PMID:20739936 Phosphorylation of the CPC by Cdk1 promotes chromosome bi-or...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0140429 positive regulation of mitotic sister chromatid biorientation	EXP PMID:20739936 Phosphorylation of the CPC by Cdk1 promotes chromosome bi-or...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of mitotic sister chromatid biorientation, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0110045 negative regulation of cell cycle switching, mitotic to meiotic cell cycle	IMP PMID:17804800 Mei4p coordinates the onset of meiosis I by regulating cdc25...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of mitotic-to-meiotic cell cycle switching, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA PMID:11781565 Feedback regulation of the MBF transcription factor by cycli...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA PMID:19686686 Phospho-regulated interaction between kinesin-6 Klp9p and mi...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:1904514 positive regulation of initiation of premeiotic DNA replication	IMP PMID:7498766 The role of cdc2 and other genes in meiosis in Schizosacchar...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is essential for initiation of premeiotic DNA replication. Reason: Core meiotic function supported by classic genetic analysis. Supporting Evidence: PMID:7498766 The cdc2 gene, which is required for the initiation of both mitotic S-phase and M-phase, is essential for premeiotic DNA synthesis and meiosis II.
GO:0005515 protein binding	IPI PMID:10581266 The identification of Wos2, a p23 homologue that interacts w...	MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED	Summary: Records a physical interaction with Wos2 (p23 homologue). "protein binding" is uninformative; the biologically meaningful relationships are captured by the holoenzyme complex term and specific downstream/regulatory BP terms. Reason: Bare protein binding adds no functional information; partner-specific function is better represented elsewhere (cyclin binding, holoenzyme complex, substrate-process terms).
GO:1905757 negative regulation of primary cell septum biogenesis	IMP PMID:29813053 Specific detection of fission yeast primary septum reveals s...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of primary cell septum biogenesis, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0062123 regulation of linear element maturation	IMP PMID:30640914 CDK contribution to DSB formation and recombination in fissi...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in regulation of linear element maturation (meiosis), reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:1905263 positive regulation of meiotic DNA double-strand break formation involved in reciprocal meiotic recombination	IMP PMID:30640914 CDK contribution to DSB formation and recombination in fissi...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of meiotic DSB formation, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0072441 response to meiotic DNA replication checkpoint signaling	EXP PMID:10521402 Meiotic DNA replication checkpoint control in fission yeast.	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in response to meiotic DNA replication checkpoint signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA PMID:9353247 Regulation of the replication initiator protein p65cdc18 by ...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IMP PMID:9353247 Regulation of the replication initiator protein p65cdc18 by ...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IMP PMID:9303310 p25rum1 promotes proteolysis of the mitotic B-cyclin p56cdc1...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	EXP PMID:9755169 Cdc18 transcription and proteolysis couple S phase to passag...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0045732 positive regulation of protein catabolic process	EXP PMID:9755169 Cdc18 transcription and proteolysis couple S phase to passag...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of protein catabolic process (Cdc18 turnover), reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:1900087 positive regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle	IMP PMID:9034336 Fission yeast pheromone blocks S-phase by inhibiting the G1 ...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 (as G1/S cyclin-CDK) positively regulates the G1/S transition. Reason: Core cell-cycle function consistent with Cdc2 driving S-phase entry.
GO:0005634 nucleus	IDA PMID:29123917 The telomere bouquet facilitates meiotic prophase progressio...	ACCEPT	Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin pool localizes to the nucleus, consistent with phosphorylation of nuclear/chromatin substrates. Reason: Experimentally supported nuclear localization of active kinase.
GO:1903500 negative regulation of mitotic actomyosin contractile ring assembly	IMP PMID:29343550 Cdk1-dependent phosphoinhibition of a formin-F-BAR interacti...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of mitotic actomyosin contractile ring assembly, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	EXP PMID:29343550 Cdk1-dependent phosphoinhibition of a formin-F-BAR interacti...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA PMID:26804917 Spatiotemporal Control of Forkhead Binding to DNA Regulates ...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0110044 regulation of cell cycle switching, mitotic to meiotic cell cycle	IDA PMID:26804917 Spatiotemporal Control of Forkhead Binding to DNA Regulates ...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in regulation of mitotic-to-meiotic cell cycle switching, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0140445 chromosome, telomeric repeat region	EXP PMID:29123917 The telomere bouquet facilitates meiotic prophase progressio...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Cdc2-cyclin associates with chromatin (including telomeric repeat regions), e.g. stable association with replication origins that prevents endoreduplication. Reason: Genuine chromatin localization linked to replication control; peripheral to core MF.
GO:0097472 cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity	IDA PMID:22665807 Multisite phosphoregulation of Cdc25 activity refines the mi...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity is a valid but slightly less specific statement of the core CDK catalytic activity captured more precisely by GO:0004693. Reason: Correct and core; GO:0004693 is the preferred more specific term but this parent is also accurate.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	EXP PMID:27984725 CDK Substrate Phosphorylation and Ordering the Cell Cycle.	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0042307 positive regulation of protein import into nucleus	IMP PMID:10485849 Fission yeast condensin complex: essential roles of non-SMC ...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of protein import into nucleus, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0031536 positive regulation of exit from mitosis	IMP PMID:16950791 Role of Hcn1 and its phosphorylation in fission yeast anapha...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of exit from mitosis, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:1905785 negative regulation of anaphase-promoting complex-dependent catabolic process	IMP PMID:10921878 Fission yeast Fizzy-related protein srw1p is a G(1)-specific...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of APC-dependent catabolic process, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IMP PMID:19523829 Phosphorylation state defines discrete roles for monopolin i...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0140429 positive regulation of mitotic sister chromatid biorientation	IMP PMID:19523829 Phosphorylation state defines discrete roles for monopolin i...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of mitotic sister chromatid biorientation, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:1902845 negative regulation of mitotic spindle elongation	IMP PMID:19523829 Phosphorylation state defines discrete roles for monopolin i...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of mitotic spindle elongation, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:1903380 positive regulation of mitotic chromosome condensation	IMP PMID:10485849 Fission yeast condensin complex: essential roles of non-SMC ...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of mitotic chromosome condensation (Cut3/SMC4), reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:1903467 negative regulation of mitotic DNA replication initiation	IMP PMID:11486016 Control of DNA rereplication via Cdc2 phosphorylation sites ...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of mitotic DNA replication initiation (anti-rereplication), reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function. Supporting Evidence: PMID:11486016 Cdc2 phosphorylation of Orp2 appears to be one of multiple mechanisms by which Cdc2 prevents DNA rereplication in a single cell cycle.
GO:1903467 negative regulation of mitotic DNA replication initiation	IMP PMID:9436991 Negative regulation of Cdc18 DNA replication protein by Cdc2...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of mitotic DNA replication initiation (anti-rereplication), reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0000776 kinetochore	EXP PMID:11683390 In vivo localisation of fission yeast cyclin-dependent kinas...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin localizes to the kinetochore, consistent with phosphorylation of kinetochore substrates (Nsk1, CENP-T/Cnp20, Bub1). Reason: Genuine sub-localization, peripheral to the core MF.
GO:0005634 nucleus	EXP PMID:11683390 In vivo localisation of fission yeast cyclin-dependent kinas...	ACCEPT	Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin pool localizes to the nucleus, consistent with phosphorylation of nuclear/chromatin substrates. Reason: Experimentally supported nuclear localization of active kinase.
GO:0035974 meiotic spindle pole body	EXP PMID:11683390 In vivo localisation of fission yeast cyclin-dependent kinas...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin localizes to the spindle pole body (old/new mitotic SPB; meiotic SPB), a major mitotic/meiotic substrate platform. Reason: Genuine localization of active kinase but a specialized sub-pool, not the core MF.
GO:0044732 mitotic spindle pole body	EXP PMID:11683390 In vivo localisation of fission yeast cyclin-dependent kinas...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin localizes to the spindle pole body (old/new mitotic SPB; meiotic SPB), a major mitotic/meiotic substrate platform. Reason: Genuine localization of active kinase but a specialized sub-pool, not the core MF.
GO:0072686 mitotic spindle	EXP PMID:11683390 In vivo localisation of fission yeast cyclin-dependent kinas...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin localizes to the mitotic/meiotic spindle and spindle midzone where it phosphorylates spindle substrates. Reason: Genuine sub-localization of active kinase, peripheral to the core catalytic-activity annotation.
GO:0005737 cytoplasm	EXP PMID:11683390 In vivo localisation of fission yeast cyclin-dependent kinas...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Cdc2 is also present in the cytoplasm; a substantial cytoplasmic pool exists in addition to nuclear/SPB pools. Reason: Valid localization but secondary to the functionally critical nuclear/SPB/chromatin pools.
GO:0072435 response to mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling	IMP PMID:9278510 Cdc25 mitotic inducer targeted by chk1 DNA damage checkpoint...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in response to mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0045842 positive regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition	IMP PMID:7774573 Dominant mutants identify new roles for p34cdc2 in mitosis.	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0005515 protein binding	IPI PMID:26131711 Two Distinct Cdc2 Pools Regulate Cell Cycle Progression and ...	MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED	Summary: Records a physical interaction with a Cdc2 interactor. "protein binding" is uninformative; the biologically meaningful relationships are captured by the holoenzyme complex term and specific downstream/regulatory BP terms. Reason: Bare protein binding adds no functional information; partner-specific function is better represented elsewhere (cyclin binding, holoenzyme complex, substrate-process terms).
GO:0072435 response to mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling	IPI PMID:26131711 Two Distinct Cdc2 Pools Regulate Cell Cycle Progression and ...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in response to mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0001100 negative regulation of exit from mitosis	EXP PMID:16950131 Phospho-regulation of the Cdc14/Clp1 phosphatase delays late...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of exit from mitosis, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IMP PMID:10485849 Fission yeast condensin complex: essential roles of non-SMC ...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:1903465 positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle DNA replication	EXP PMID:11937031 CDK phosphorylation of Drc1 regulates DNA replication in fis...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle DNA replication, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:1902845 negative regulation of mitotic spindle elongation	IMP PMID:19686686 Phospho-regulated interaction between kinesin-6 Klp9p and mi...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of mitotic spindle elongation, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0072435 response to mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling	IGI PMID:9042863 Cdc2 tyrosine phosphorylation is required for the DNA damage...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in response to mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA PMID:9436991 Negative regulation of Cdc18 DNA replication protein by Cdc2...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0005634 nucleus	IDA PMID:11084332 Cut8, essential for anaphase, controls localization of 26S p...	ACCEPT	Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin pool localizes to the nucleus, consistent with phosphorylation of nuclear/chromatin substrates. Reason: Experimentally supported nuclear localization of active kinase.
GO:1990023 mitotic spindle midzone	IDA PMID:11084332 Cut8, essential for anaphase, controls localization of 26S p...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin localizes to the mitotic/meiotic spindle and spindle midzone where it phosphorylates spindle substrates. Reason: Genuine sub-localization of active kinase, peripheral to the core catalytic-activity annotation.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	EXP PMID:25487150 A PP1-PP2A phosphatase relay controls mitotic progression.	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA PMID:7957097 Phosphorylation of dis2 protein phosphatase at the C-termina...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA PMID:16950791 Role of Hcn1 and its phosphorylation in fission yeast anapha...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0000785 chromatin	IDA PMID:12419251 Stable association of mitotic cyclin B/Cdc2 to replication o...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Cdc2-cyclin associates with chromatin (including telomeric repeat regions), e.g. stable association with replication origins that prevents endoreduplication. Reason: Genuine chromatin localization linked to replication control; peripheral to core MF.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA PMID:22959349 Telomere-nuclear envelope dissociation promoted by Rap1 phos...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:1904537 negative regulation of mitotic telomere tethering at nuclear periphery	IPI PMID:22959349 Telomere-nuclear envelope dissociation promoted by Rap1 phos...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of mitotic telomere tethering, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA PMID:25533340 Cdk1 restrains NHEJ through phosphorylation of XRCC4-like fa...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:2001033 negative regulation of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining	IMP PMID:25533340 Cdk1 restrains NHEJ through phosphorylation of XRCC4-like fa...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of NHEJ (Xlf1 phosphorylation), reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0005515 protein binding	IPI PMID:2665944 Regulation of p34cdc2 protein kinase during mitosis.	MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED	Summary: Records a physical interaction with a Cdc2 mitotic interactor. "protein binding" is uninformative; the biologically meaningful relationships are captured by the holoenzyme complex term and specific downstream/regulatory BP terms. Reason: Bare protein binding adds no functional information; partner-specific function is better represented elsewhere (cyclin binding, holoenzyme complex, substrate-process terms).
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA PMID:16950131 Phospho-regulation of the Cdc14/Clp1 phosphatase delays late...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0031138 negative regulation of conjugation with cellular fusion	IMP PMID:18059475 Cdc2p controls the forkhead transcription factor Fkh2p by ph...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of conjugation with cellular fusion, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IMP PMID:10921876 APC(ste9/srw1) promotes degradation of mitotic cyclins in G(...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA PMID:10921878 Fission yeast Fizzy-related protein srw1p is a G(1)-specific...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:1905785 negative regulation of anaphase-promoting complex-dependent catabolic process	IMP PMID:10921876 APC(ste9/srw1) promotes degradation of mitotic cyclins in G(...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of APC-dependent catabolic process, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0031573 mitotic intra-S DNA damage checkpoint signaling	IMP PMID:15297457 On the slowing of S phase in response to DNA damage in fissi...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in mitotic intra-S DNA damage checkpoint signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA PMID:9177184 Interaction of the S phase regulator cdc18 with cyclin-depen...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0004672 protein kinase activity	IDA PMID:3516412 The cell cycle control gene cdc2+ of fission yeast encodes a...	MODIFY	Summary: General protein kinase activity; correct ancestor term but uninformative for a CDK. Reason: Over-general parent; replace with the specific cyclin-dependent ser/thr kinase activity. Proposed replacements: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA PMID:24920823 Cdk1 promotes cytokinesis in fission yeast through activatio...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0031031 positive regulation of septation initiation signaling	IMP PMID:24920823 Cdk1 promotes cytokinesis in fission yeast through activatio...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of septation initiation signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0051446 positive regulation of meiotic cell cycle	IMP PMID:7498766 The role of cdc2 and other genes in meiosis in Schizosacchar...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is required to drive the meiotic divisions; essential for premeiotic DNA synthesis and meiosis II. Reason: Core meiotic cell-cycle function. Supporting Evidence: PMID:7498766 The cdc2 gene, which is required for the initiation of both mitotic S-phase and M-phase, is essential for premeiotic DNA synthesis and meiosis II.
GO:0000086 G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle	IMP PMID:2665944 Regulation of p34cdc2 protein kinase during mitosis.	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 drives the G2/M transition (mitotic entry); the rate-limiting cdc2 function classically defined by the requirement in G2 for control of mitosis and by Tyr15 phospho-regulation of mitotic entry. Reason: Core cell-cycle driving function. Supporting Evidence: PMID:2682257 Substitution of this tyrosine by phenylalanine advances cells prematurely into mitosis, establishing that tyrosine phosphorylation/dephosphorylation directly regulates pp34 function.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA PMID:24074952 Phosphorylation-dependent assembly and coordination of the D...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0005634 nucleus	IDA PMID:2534559 Fission yeast cyclin: subcellular localisation and cell cycl...	ACCEPT	Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin pool localizes to the nucleus, consistent with phosphorylation of nuclear/chromatin substrates. Reason: Experimentally supported nuclear localization of active kinase.
GO:0097472 cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity	IDA PMID:2665944 Regulation of p34cdc2 protein kinase during mitosis.	ACCEPT	Summary: Cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity is a valid but slightly less specific statement of the core CDK catalytic activity captured more precisely by GO:0004693. Reason: Correct and core; GO:0004693 is the preferred more specific term but this parent is also accurate.
GO:1990820 response to mitotic DNA integrity checkpoint signaling	IGI PMID:12186947 A novel chk1-dependent G1/M checkpoint in fission yeast.	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in response to mitotic DNA integrity checkpoint signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA PMID:11486016 Control of DNA rereplication via Cdc2 phosphorylation sites ...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:1902424 negative regulation of attachment of mitotic spindle microtubules to kinetochore	IMP PMID:22065639 Cdk1 phosphorylation of the kinetochore protein Nsk1 prevent...	KEEP AS NON CORE	Summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of mitotic spindle MT attachment to kinetochore, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase. Reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
GO:0000307 cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex	IDA PMID:3322810 p13suc1 acts in the fission yeast cell division cycle as a c...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the catalytic subunit of the cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme, a cyclin(Cdc13/Cig2)-Cdc2-Suc1(Cks1) complex. Reason: Core cellular component; Cdc2 forms a holoenzyme with a cyclin and the Suc1/Cks1 subunit. Supporting Evidence: PMID:3322810 p13suc1 was found in yeast lysates in a complex with the cdc2+ gene product.
GO:0097472 cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity	IDA PMID:3322810 p13suc1 acts in the fission yeast cell division cycle as a c...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity is a valid but slightly less specific statement of the core CDK catalytic activity captured more precisely by GO:0004693. Reason: Correct and core; GO:0004693 is the preferred more specific term but this parent is also accurate.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA PMID:22065639 Cdk1 phosphorylation of the kinetochore protein Nsk1 prevent...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0004672 protein kinase activity	IDA PMID:2569363 The fission yeast cdc2/cdc13/suc1 protein kinase: regulation...	MODIFY	Summary: General protein kinase activity; correct ancestor term but uninformative for a CDK. Reason: Over-general parent; replace with the specific cyclin-dependent ser/thr kinase activity. Proposed replacements: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
GO:0005634 nucleus	IDA PMID:2569363 The fission yeast cdc2/cdc13/suc1 protein kinase: regulation...	ACCEPT	Summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin pool localizes to the nucleus, consistent with phosphorylation of nuclear/chromatin substrates. Reason: Experimentally supported nuclear localization of active kinase.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IGI PMID:2569363 The fission yeast cdc2/cdc13/suc1 protein kinase: regulation...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0000082 G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle	IMP PMID:7254352 Gene required in G1 for commitment to cell cycle and in G2 f...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 drives the G1/S transition of the mitotic cell cycle; genetically required in G1 for commitment to the cell cycle (Nurse & Bissett). Reason: Core cell-cycle driving function, classic genetic evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:7254352 Gene required in G1 for commitment to cell cycle and in G2 for control of mitosis in fission yeast.
GO:0000086 G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle	IMP PMID:7254352 Gene required in G1 for commitment to cell cycle and in G2 f...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 drives the G2/M transition (mitotic entry); the rate-limiting cdc2 function classically defined by the requirement in G2 for control of mitosis and by Tyr15 phospho-regulation of mitotic entry. Reason: Core cell-cycle driving function. Supporting Evidence: PMID:7254352 Gene required in G1 for commitment to cell cycle and in G2 for control of mitosis in fission yeast.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA PMID:18059475 Cdc2p controls the forkhead transcription factor Fkh2p by ph...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA PMID:11937031 CDK phosphorylation of Drc1 regulates DNA replication in fis...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0004693 cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA PMID:9242669 A novel protein, Psp1, essential for cell cycle progression ...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function. Reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
GO:0005515 protein binding	IPI PMID:8455610 Two fission yeast B-type cyclins, cig2 and Cdc13, have diffe...	MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED	Summary: Records a physical interaction with cyclin Cig2. "protein binding" is uninformative; the biologically meaningful relationships are captured by the holoenzyme complex term and specific downstream/regulatory BP terms. Reason: Bare protein binding adds no functional information; partner-specific function is better represented elsewhere (cyclin binding, holoenzyme complex, substrate-process terms).
GO:0000307 cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex	IPI PMID:2682257 Tyrosine phosphorylation of the fission yeast cdc2+ protein ...	ACCEPT	Summary: Cdc2 is the catalytic subunit of the cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme, a cyclin(Cdc13/Cig2)-Cdc2-Suc1(Cks1) complex. Reason: Core cellular component; Cdc2 forms a holoenzyme with a cyclin and the Suc1/Cks1 subunit.

📄 View Raw YAML

id: P04551
gene_symbol: cdc2
product_type: PROTEIN
status: DRAFT
taxon:
  id: NCBITaxon:284812
  label: Schizosaccharomyces pombe (strain 972 / ATCC 24843)
description: Cdc2 (p34cdc2, Cdk1) is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase and the master regulator of the fission-yeast cell cycle, driving both the G1/S and G2/M transitions of the mitotic cycle as well as the meiotic divisions. It is catalytically inert as a monomer and becomes an active kinase only when bound to a B-type cyclin (chiefly the mitotic cyclin Cdc13, with Cig1/Cig2/Puc1 acting at G1/S) together with the small Suc1/Cks1 subunit, forming the cyclin-dependent kinase holoenzyme (MPF). Its activity is further controlled by activating phosphorylation of Thr167 in the activation loop by CAK (Csk1/Mcs6), by inhibitory phosphorylation of Tyr15 (and Thr14) by the Wee1/Mik1 kinases, by activating Tyr15 dephosphorylation by the Cdc25 phosphatase, and by the CDK inhibitor Rum1 that restrains it during G1. Active Cdc2-cyclin phosphorylates Ser/Thr-Pro motifs on more than 200 substrates, and a single rising CDK activity is sufficient to order cell-cycle events through substrate-specific activity thresholds. Through these substrates it controls DNA replication initiation and prevents re-replication, chromosome condensation and segregation, spindle and kinetochore dynamics, mitotic exit, cytokinesis timing, and meiotic progression. Cdc2 acts mainly in the nucleus, at spindle pole bodies, spindles, kinetochores and on chromatin, and its inactivation by checkpoint signaling enforces cell-cycle arrest in response to DNA damage and replication stress.
existing_annotations:
- term:
    id: GO:0000307
    label: cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex
  evidence_type: IBA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000033
  qualifier: part_of
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the catalytic subunit of the cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme, a cyclin(Cdc13/Cig2)-Cdc2-Suc1(Cks1) complex.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Core cellular component; Cdc2 forms a holoenzyme with a cyclin and the Suc1/Cks1 subunit.
- term:
    id: GO:0000086
    label: G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle
  evidence_type: IBA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000033
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 drives the G2/M transition (mitotic entry); the rate-limiting cdc2 function classically defined by the requirement in G2 for control of mitosis and by Tyr15 phospho-regulation of mitotic entry.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Core cell-cycle driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IBA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000033
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
    supported_by:
    - reference_id: PMID:27984725
      supporting_text: a single genetically engineered cyclin-CDK chimera between the mitotic B-type cyclin Cdc13 and the CDK Cdc2 (Cdc13-L-Cdc2) can substitute for the four cyclin-CDK complexes acting during the mitotic cell
      reference_section_type: RESULTS
    - reference_id: PMID:11486016
      supporting_text: Cdc2 kinase is a master regulator of cell cycle progression in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Our data indicate that Cdc2 phosphorylates replication factor Orp2, a subunit of the origin recognition complex (ORC).
      reference_section_type: ABSTRACT
- term:
    id: GO:0004672
    label: protein kinase activity
  evidence_type: IEA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000002
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: General protein kinase activity; correct ancestor term but uninformative for a CDK.
    action: MODIFY
    reason: Over-general parent; replace with the specific cyclin-dependent ser/thr kinase activity.
    proposed_replacement_terms:
    - id: GO:0004693
      label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IEA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000120
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0005524
    label: ATP binding
  evidence_type: IEA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000002
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: ATP binding is required for and intrinsic to the kinase catalytic activity; the ATP-binding pocket (Gly-rich loop, Tyr15) is well characterized.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Correct supporting molecular function for a protein kinase.
- term:
    id: GO:0005634
    label: nucleus
  evidence_type: IEA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000117
  qualifier: located_in
  review:
    summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin pool localizes to the nucleus, consistent with phosphorylation of nuclear/chromatin substrates.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Electronic localization consistent with abundant experimental nuclear data for active Cdc2.
- term:
    id: GO:0005737
    label: cytoplasm
  evidence_type: IEA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000044
  qualifier: located_in
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is also present in the cytoplasm; a substantial cytoplasmic pool exists in addition to nuclear/SPB pools.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Valid localization but secondary to the functionally critical nuclear/SPB/chromatin pools.
- term:
    id: GO:0106310
    label: protein serine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IEA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000116
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Protein serine kinase activity is a Rhea/ISS electronic term; CDK1 is a Ser/Thr kinase, so this captures only part of the activity.
    action: MARK_AS_OVER_ANNOTATED
    reason: Partial/over-narrow electronic import; the dual-specificity Ser/Thr activity is correctly captured by GO:0004693/GO:0004674.
- term:
    id: GO:0005515
    label: protein binding
  evidence_type: IPI
  original_reference_id: PMID:8552194
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Records a physical interaction with Orc2/Orp2 (ORC subunit). "protein binding" is uninformative; the biologically meaningful relationships are captured by the holoenzyme complex term and specific downstream/regulatory BP terms.
    action: MARK_AS_OVER_ANNOTATED
    reason: Bare protein binding adds no functional information; partner-specific function is better represented elsewhere (cyclin binding, holoenzyme complex, substrate-process terms).
- term:
    id: GO:0005515
    label: protein binding
  evidence_type: IPI
  original_reference_id: PMID:9115279
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Records a physical interaction with cyclin Pch1. "protein binding" is uninformative; the biologically meaningful relationships are captured by the holoenzyme complex term and specific downstream/regulatory BP terms.
    action: MARK_AS_OVER_ANNOTATED
    reason: Bare protein binding adds no functional information; partner-specific function is better represented elsewhere (cyclin binding, holoenzyme complex, substrate-process terms).
- term:
    id: GO:0005515
    label: protein binding
  evidence_type: IPI
  original_reference_id: PMID:9303310
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Records a physical interaction with CDK inhibitor Rum1. "protein binding" is uninformative; the biologically meaningful relationships are captured by the holoenzyme complex term and specific downstream/regulatory BP terms.
    action: MARK_AS_OVER_ANNOTATED
    reason: Bare protein binding adds no functional information; partner-specific function is better represented elsewhere (cyclin binding, holoenzyme complex, substrate-process terms).
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:41354344
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0004674
    label: protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:21965289
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: General protein serine/threonine kinase activity; correct but less informative than the cyclin-dependent term GO:0004693.
    action: MODIFY
    reason: Accurate but over-general for a CDK; the cyclin-dependent ser/thr kinase term is the informative core MF.
    proposed_replacement_terms:
    - id: GO:0004693
      label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:39174851
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0106310
    label: protein serine kinase activity
  evidence_type: ISS
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000024
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Protein serine kinase activity is a Rhea/ISS electronic term; CDK1 is a Ser/Thr kinase, so this captures only part of the activity.
    action: MARK_AS_OVER_ANNOTATED
    reason: Partial/over-narrow electronic import; the dual-specificity Ser/Thr activity is correctly captured by GO:0004693/GO:0004674.
- term:
    id: GO:0051292
    label: nuclear pore complex assembly
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:35354597
  qualifier: involved_in
  negated: true
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is NOT involved in nuclear pore complex assembly; quantitative NPC analysis found no role.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Negated annotation appropriately documents absence of a role.
- term:
    id: GO:1904547
    label: regulation of cellular response to glucose starvation
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:37128864
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in regulation of cellular response to glucose starvation / stationary-phase establishment, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0140602
    label: nucleolar peripheral inclusion body
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:37128864
  qualifier: is_active_in
  review:
    summary: Active CDK localizes to a nucleolar peripheral inclusion body during stationary phase establishment.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Specialized stationary-phase localization; valid but non-core.
- term:
    id: GO:0004674
    label: protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:36408846
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: General protein serine/threonine kinase activity; correct but less informative than the cyclin-dependent term GO:0004693.
    action: MODIFY
    reason: Accurate but over-general for a CDK; the cyclin-dependent ser/thr kinase term is the informative core MF.
    proposed_replacement_terms:
    - id: GO:0004693
      label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
- term:
    id: GO:0044773
    label: mitotic DNA damage checkpoint signaling
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:12023299
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in mitotic DNA damage checkpoint signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0071957
    label: old mitotic spindle pole body
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:1699136
  qualifier: is_active_in
  review:
    summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin localizes to the spindle pole body (old/new mitotic SPB; meiotic SPB), a major mitotic/meiotic substrate platform.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine localization of active kinase but a specialized sub-pool, not the core MF.
- term:
    id: GO:0071958
    label: new mitotic spindle pole body
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:1699136
  qualifier: is_active_in
  review:
    summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin localizes to the spindle pole body (old/new mitotic SPB; meiotic SPB), a major mitotic/meiotic substrate platform.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine localization of active kinase but a specialized sub-pool, not the core MF.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:34810257
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:1905561
    label: positive regulation of kinetochore assembly
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:34810257
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of kinetochore assembly, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0072687
    label: meiotic spindle
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:12606573
  qualifier: is_active_in
  review:
    summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin localizes to the mitotic/meiotic spindle and spindle midzone where it phosphorylates spindle substrates.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine sub-localization of active kinase, peripheral to the core catalytic-activity annotation.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:12606573
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:34402513
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:1902413
    label: negative regulation of mitotic cytokinesis
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:34402513
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of mitotic cytokinesis, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:34133210
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0005515
    label: protein binding
  evidence_type: IPI
  original_reference_id: PMID:1655416
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Records a physical interaction with cyclin Cdc13 (Thr167-dependent association). "protein binding" is uninformative; the biologically meaningful relationships are captured by the holoenzyme complex term and specific downstream/regulatory BP terms.
    action: MARK_AS_OVER_ANNOTATED
    reason: Bare protein binding adds no functional information; partner-specific function is better represented elsewhere (cyclin binding, holoenzyme complex, substrate-process terms).
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:9430640
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0032436
    label: positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:9430640
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolism, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:16920624
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0031568
    label: mitotic G1 cell size control checkpoint signaling
  evidence_type: IGI
  original_reference_id: PMID:9398669
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in mitotic G1 cell size control checkpoint signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0031568
    label: mitotic G1 cell size control checkpoint signaling
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:8121488
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in mitotic G1 cell size control checkpoint signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:32878942
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:2000099
    label: regulation of establishment or maintenance of bipolar cell polarity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:32878942
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in regulation of bipolar cell polarity (Fic1), reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:23333317
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:31644361
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:20739936
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0140429
    label: positive regulation of mitotic sister chromatid biorientation
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:20739936
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of mitotic sister chromatid biorientation, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0110045
    label: negative regulation of cell cycle switching, mitotic to meiotic cell cycle
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:17804800
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of mitotic-to-meiotic cell cycle switching, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:11781565
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:19686686
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:1904514
    label: positive regulation of initiation of premeiotic DNA replication
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:7498766
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is essential for initiation of premeiotic DNA replication.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Core meiotic function supported by classic genetic analysis.
    supported_by:
    - reference_id: PMID:7498766
      supporting_text: The cdc2 gene, which is required for the initiation of both mitotic S-phase and M-phase, is essential for premeiotic DNA synthesis and meiosis II.
      reference_section_type: ABSTRACT
- term:
    id: GO:0005515
    label: protein binding
  evidence_type: IPI
  original_reference_id: PMID:10581266
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Records a physical interaction with Wos2 (p23 homologue). "protein binding" is uninformative; the biologically meaningful relationships are captured by the holoenzyme complex term and specific downstream/regulatory BP terms.
    action: MARK_AS_OVER_ANNOTATED
    reason: Bare protein binding adds no functional information; partner-specific function is better represented elsewhere (cyclin binding, holoenzyme complex, substrate-process terms).
- term:
    id: GO:1905757
    label: negative regulation of primary cell septum biogenesis
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:29813053
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of primary cell septum biogenesis, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0062123
    label: regulation of linear element maturation
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:30640914
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in regulation of linear element maturation (meiosis), reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:1905263
    label: positive regulation of meiotic DNA double-strand break formation involved in reciprocal meiotic recombination
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:30640914
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of meiotic DSB formation, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0072441
    label: response to meiotic DNA replication checkpoint signaling
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:10521402
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in response to meiotic DNA replication checkpoint signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:9353247
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:9353247
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:9303310
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:9755169
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0045732
    label: positive regulation of protein catabolic process
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:9755169
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of protein catabolic process (Cdc18 turnover), reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:1900087
    label: positive regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:9034336
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 (as G1/S cyclin-CDK) positively regulates the G1/S transition.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Core cell-cycle function consistent with Cdc2 driving S-phase entry.
- term:
    id: GO:0005634
    label: nucleus
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:29123917
  qualifier: is_active_in
  review:
    summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin pool localizes to the nucleus, consistent with phosphorylation of nuclear/chromatin substrates.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Experimentally supported nuclear localization of active kinase.
- term:
    id: GO:1903500
    label: negative regulation of mitotic actomyosin contractile ring assembly
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:29343550
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of mitotic actomyosin contractile ring assembly, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:29343550
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:26804917
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0110044
    label: regulation of cell cycle switching, mitotic to meiotic cell cycle
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:26804917
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in regulation of mitotic-to-meiotic cell cycle switching, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0140445
    label: chromosome, telomeric repeat region
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:29123917
  qualifier: is_active_in
  review:
    summary: Cdc2-cyclin associates with chromatin (including telomeric repeat regions), e.g. stable association with replication origins that prevents endoreduplication.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine chromatin localization linked to replication control; peripheral to core MF.
- term:
    id: GO:0097472
    label: cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:22665807
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity is a valid but slightly less specific statement of the core CDK catalytic activity captured more precisely by GO:0004693.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Correct and core; GO:0004693 is the preferred more specific term but this parent is also accurate.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:27984725
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0042307
    label: positive regulation of protein import into nucleus
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:10485849
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of protein import into nucleus, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0031536
    label: positive regulation of exit from mitosis
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:16950791
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of exit from mitosis, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:1905785
    label: negative regulation of anaphase-promoting complex-dependent catabolic process
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:10921878
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of APC-dependent catabolic process, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:19523829
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0140429
    label: positive regulation of mitotic sister chromatid biorientation
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:19523829
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of mitotic sister chromatid biorientation, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:1902845
    label: negative regulation of mitotic spindle elongation
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:19523829
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of mitotic spindle elongation, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:1903380
    label: positive regulation of mitotic chromosome condensation
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:10485849
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of mitotic chromosome condensation (Cut3/SMC4), reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:1903467
    label: negative regulation of mitotic DNA replication initiation
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:11486016
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of mitotic DNA replication initiation (anti-rereplication), reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
    supported_by:
    - reference_id: PMID:11486016
      supporting_text: Cdc2 phosphorylation of Orp2 appears to be one of multiple mechanisms by which Cdc2 prevents DNA rereplication in a single cell cycle.
      reference_section_type: ABSTRACT
- term:
    id: GO:1903467
    label: negative regulation of mitotic DNA replication initiation
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:9436991
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of mitotic DNA replication initiation (anti-rereplication), reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0000776
    label: kinetochore
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:11683390
  qualifier: is_active_in
  review:
    summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin localizes to the kinetochore, consistent with phosphorylation of kinetochore substrates (Nsk1, CENP-T/Cnp20, Bub1).
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine sub-localization, peripheral to the core MF.
- term:
    id: GO:0005634
    label: nucleus
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:11683390
  qualifier: is_active_in
  review:
    summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin pool localizes to the nucleus, consistent with phosphorylation of nuclear/chromatin substrates.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Experimentally supported nuclear localization of active kinase.
- term:
    id: GO:0035974
    label: meiotic spindle pole body
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:11683390
  qualifier: is_active_in
  review:
    summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin localizes to the spindle pole body (old/new mitotic SPB; meiotic SPB), a major mitotic/meiotic substrate platform.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine localization of active kinase but a specialized sub-pool, not the core MF.
- term:
    id: GO:0044732
    label: mitotic spindle pole body
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:11683390
  qualifier: is_active_in
  review:
    summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin localizes to the spindle pole body (old/new mitotic SPB; meiotic SPB), a major mitotic/meiotic substrate platform.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine localization of active kinase but a specialized sub-pool, not the core MF.
- term:
    id: GO:0072686
    label: mitotic spindle
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:11683390
  qualifier: is_active_in
  review:
    summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin localizes to the mitotic/meiotic spindle and spindle midzone where it phosphorylates spindle substrates.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine sub-localization of active kinase, peripheral to the core catalytic-activity annotation.
- term:
    id: GO:0005737
    label: cytoplasm
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:11683390
  qualifier: is_active_in
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is also present in the cytoplasm; a substantial cytoplasmic pool exists in addition to nuclear/SPB pools.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Valid localization but secondary to the functionally critical nuclear/SPB/chromatin pools.
- term:
    id: GO:0072435
    label: response to mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:9278510
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in response to mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0045842
    label: positive regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:7774573
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0005515
    label: protein binding
  evidence_type: IPI
  original_reference_id: PMID:26131711
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Records a physical interaction with a Cdc2 interactor. "protein binding" is uninformative; the biologically meaningful relationships are captured by the holoenzyme complex term and specific downstream/regulatory BP terms.
    action: MARK_AS_OVER_ANNOTATED
    reason: Bare protein binding adds no functional information; partner-specific function is better represented elsewhere (cyclin binding, holoenzyme complex, substrate-process terms).
- term:
    id: GO:0072435
    label: response to mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling
  evidence_type: IPI
  original_reference_id: PMID:26131711
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in response to mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0001100
    label: negative regulation of exit from mitosis
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:16950131
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of exit from mitosis, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:10485849
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:1903465
    label: positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle DNA replication
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:11937031
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle DNA replication, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:1902845
    label: negative regulation of mitotic spindle elongation
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:19686686
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of mitotic spindle elongation, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0072435
    label: response to mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling
  evidence_type: IGI
  original_reference_id: PMID:9042863
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in response to mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:9436991
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0005634
    label: nucleus
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:11084332
  qualifier: is_active_in
  review:
    summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin pool localizes to the nucleus, consistent with phosphorylation of nuclear/chromatin substrates.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Experimentally supported nuclear localization of active kinase.
- term:
    id: GO:1990023
    label: mitotic spindle midzone
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:11084332
  qualifier: is_active_in
  review:
    summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin localizes to the mitotic/meiotic spindle and spindle midzone where it phosphorylates spindle substrates.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine sub-localization of active kinase, peripheral to the core catalytic-activity annotation.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:25487150
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:7957097
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:16950791
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0000785
    label: chromatin
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:12419251
  qualifier: is_active_in
  review:
    summary: Cdc2-cyclin associates with chromatin (including telomeric repeat regions), e.g. stable association with replication origins that prevents endoreduplication.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine chromatin localization linked to replication control; peripheral to core MF.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:22959349
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:1904537
    label: negative regulation of mitotic telomere tethering at nuclear periphery
  evidence_type: IPI
  original_reference_id: PMID:22959349
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of mitotic telomere tethering, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:25533340
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:2001033
    label: negative regulation of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:25533340
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of NHEJ (Xlf1 phosphorylation), reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0005515
    label: protein binding
  evidence_type: IPI
  original_reference_id: PMID:2665944
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Records a physical interaction with a Cdc2 mitotic interactor. "protein binding" is uninformative; the biologically meaningful relationships are captured by the holoenzyme complex term and specific downstream/regulatory BP terms.
    action: MARK_AS_OVER_ANNOTATED
    reason: Bare protein binding adds no functional information; partner-specific function is better represented elsewhere (cyclin binding, holoenzyme complex, substrate-process terms).
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:16950131
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0031138
    label: negative regulation of conjugation with cellular fusion
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:18059475
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of conjugation with cellular fusion, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:10921876
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:10921878
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:1905785
    label: negative regulation of anaphase-promoting complex-dependent catabolic process
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:10921876
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of APC-dependent catabolic process, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0031573
    label: mitotic intra-S DNA damage checkpoint signaling
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:15297457
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in mitotic intra-S DNA damage checkpoint signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:9177184
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0004672
    label: protein kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:3516412
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: General protein kinase activity; correct ancestor term but uninformative for a CDK.
    action: MODIFY
    reason: Over-general parent; replace with the specific cyclin-dependent ser/thr kinase activity.
    proposed_replacement_terms:
    - id: GO:0004693
      label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:24920823
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0031031
    label: positive regulation of septation initiation signaling
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:24920823
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in positive regulation of septation initiation signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0051446
    label: positive regulation of meiotic cell cycle
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:7498766
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is required to drive the meiotic divisions; essential for premeiotic DNA synthesis and meiosis II.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Core meiotic cell-cycle function.
    supported_by:
    - reference_id: PMID:7498766
      supporting_text: The cdc2 gene, which is required for the initiation of both mitotic S-phase and M-phase, is essential for premeiotic DNA synthesis and meiosis II.
      reference_section_type: ABSTRACT
- term:
    id: GO:0000086
    label: G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:2665944
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 drives the G2/M transition (mitotic entry); the rate-limiting cdc2 function classically defined by the requirement in G2 for control of mitosis and by Tyr15 phospho-regulation of mitotic entry.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Core cell-cycle driving function.
    supported_by:
    - reference_id: PMID:2682257
      supporting_text: Substitution of this tyrosine by phenylalanine advances cells prematurely into mitosis, establishing that tyrosine phosphorylation/dephosphorylation directly regulates pp34 function.
      reference_section_type: ABSTRACT
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:24074952
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0005634
    label: nucleus
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:2534559
  qualifier: is_active_in
  review:
    summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin pool localizes to the nucleus, consistent with phosphorylation of nuclear/chromatin substrates.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Experimentally supported nuclear localization of active kinase.
- term:
    id: GO:0097472
    label: cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:2665944
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity is a valid but slightly less specific statement of the core CDK catalytic activity captured more precisely by GO:0004693.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Correct and core; GO:0004693 is the preferred more specific term but this parent is also accurate.
- term:
    id: GO:1990820
    label: response to mitotic DNA integrity checkpoint signaling
  evidence_type: IGI
  original_reference_id: PMID:12186947
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in response to mitotic DNA integrity checkpoint signaling, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:11486016
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:1902424
    label: negative regulation of attachment of mitotic spindle microtubules to kinetochore
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:22065639
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Experimentally supported role of Cdc2-cyclin in negative regulation of mitotic spindle MT attachment to kinetochore, reflecting phosphorylation of a specific substrate/process downstream of the master kinase.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Genuine substrate-specific/downstream phosphoregulatory role, but a peripheral consequence of the single master CDK rather than its core cell-cycle-driving function.
- term:
    id: GO:0000307
    label: cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:3322810
  qualifier: part_of
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the catalytic subunit of the cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme, a cyclin(Cdc13/Cig2)-Cdc2-Suc1(Cks1) complex.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Core cellular component; Cdc2 forms a holoenzyme with a cyclin and the Suc1/Cks1 subunit.
    supported_by:
    - reference_id: PMID:3322810
      supporting_text: p13suc1 was found in yeast lysates in a complex with the cdc2+ gene product.
      reference_section_type: ABSTRACT
- term:
    id: GO:0097472
    label: cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:3322810
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity is a valid but slightly less specific statement of the core CDK catalytic activity captured more precisely by GO:0004693.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Correct and core; GO:0004693 is the preferred more specific term but this parent is also accurate.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:22065639
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0004672
    label: protein kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:2569363
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: General protein kinase activity; correct ancestor term but uninformative for a CDK.
    action: MODIFY
    reason: Over-general parent; replace with the specific cyclin-dependent ser/thr kinase activity.
    proposed_replacement_terms:
    - id: GO:0004693
      label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
- term:
    id: GO:0005634
    label: nucleus
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:2569363
  qualifier: is_active_in
  review:
    summary: Active Cdc2-cyclin pool localizes to the nucleus, consistent with phosphorylation of nuclear/chromatin substrates.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Experimentally supported nuclear localization of active kinase.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IGI
  original_reference_id: PMID:2569363
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0000082
    label: G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:7254352
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 drives the G1/S transition of the mitotic cell cycle; genetically required in G1 for commitment to the cell cycle (Nurse & Bissett).
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Core cell-cycle driving function, classic genetic evidence.
    supported_by:
    - reference_id: PMID:7254352
      supporting_text: Gene required in G1 for commitment to cell cycle and in G2 for control of mitosis in fission yeast.
      reference_section_type: TITLE
- term:
    id: GO:0000086
    label: G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle
  evidence_type: IMP
  original_reference_id: PMID:7254352
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 drives the G2/M transition (mitotic entry); the rate-limiting cdc2 function classically defined by the requirement in G2 for control of mitosis and by Tyr15 phospho-regulation of mitotic entry.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Core cell-cycle driving function.
    supported_by:
    - reference_id: PMID:7254352
      supporting_text: Gene required in G1 for commitment to cell cycle and in G2 for control of mitosis in fission yeast.
      reference_section_type: TITLE
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:18059475
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:11937031
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:9242669
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the founding cyclin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CDK1); when activated by a B-type cyclin it phosphorylates S/T-P sites on >200 substrates to drive the cell cycle. This is the defining core molecular function.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Most informative MF term for Cdc2; directly experimentally demonstrated. Many entries with this term are independent substrate-phosphorylation observations supporting the same core activity.
- term:
    id: GO:0005515
    label: protein binding
  evidence_type: IPI
  original_reference_id: PMID:8455610
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Records a physical interaction with cyclin Cig2. "protein binding" is uninformative; the biologically meaningful relationships are captured by the holoenzyme complex term and specific downstream/regulatory BP terms.
    action: MARK_AS_OVER_ANNOTATED
    reason: Bare protein binding adds no functional information; partner-specific function is better represented elsewhere (cyclin binding, holoenzyme complex, substrate-process terms).
- term:
    id: GO:0000307
    label: cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex
  evidence_type: IPI
  original_reference_id: PMID:2682257
  qualifier: part_of
  review:
    summary: Cdc2 is the catalytic subunit of the cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme, a cyclin(Cdc13/Cig2)-Cdc2-Suc1(Cks1) complex.
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Core cellular component; Cdc2 forms a holoenzyme with a cyclin and the Suc1/Cks1 subunit.
references:
- id: file:interpro/panther/PTHR24056/PTHR24056-review.md
  title: 'PANTHER family review PTHR24056: IBA propagation assessment for cdc2'
  findings: []
- id: GO_REF:0000002
  title: Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms
  findings: []
- id: GO_REF:0000024
  title: Manual transfer of experimentally-verified manual GO annotation data to orthologs by curator judgment of sequence similarity
  findings: []
- id: GO_REF:0000033
  title: Annotation inferences using phylogenetic trees
  findings: []
- id: GO_REF:0000044
  title: Gene Ontology annotation based on UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Subcellular Location vocabulary mapping, accompanied by conservative changes to GO terms applied by UniProt
  findings: []
- id: GO_REF:0000116
  title: Automatic Gene Ontology annotation based on Rhea mapping
  findings: []
- id: GO_REF:0000117
  title: Electronic Gene Ontology annotations created by ARBA machine learning models
  findings: []
- id: GO_REF:0000120
  title: Combined Automated Annotation using Multiple IEA Methods
  findings: []
- id: PMID:10485849
  title: 'Fission yeast condensin complex: essential roles of non-SMC subunits for condensation and Cdc2 phosphorylation of Cut3/SMC4.'
  findings: []
- id: PMID:10521402
  title: Meiotic DNA replication checkpoint control in fission yeast.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:10581266
  title: The identification of Wos2, a p23 homologue that interacts with Wee1 and Cdc2 in the mitotic control of fission yeasts.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:10921876
  title: APC(ste9/srw1) promotes degradation of mitotic cyclins in G(1) and is inhibited by cdc2 phosphorylation.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:10921878
  title: Fission yeast Fizzy-related protein srw1p is a G(1)-specific promoter of mitotic cyclin B degradation.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:11084332
  title: Cut8, essential for anaphase, controls localization of 26S proteasome, facilitating destruction of cyclin and Cut2.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:11486016
  title: Control of DNA rereplication via Cdc2 phosphorylation sites in the origin recognition complex.
  findings:
  - statement: Cdc2 is the master regulator of the cell cycle and phosphorylates the ORC subunit Orp2 as one of multiple mechanisms preventing DNA re-replication.
    supporting_text: Cdc2 kinase is a master regulator of cell cycle progression in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Our data indicate that Cdc2 phosphorylates replication factor Orp2, a subunit of the origin recognition complex (ORC).
    reference_section_type: ABSTRACT
- id: PMID:11683390
  title: In vivo localisation of fission yeast cyclin-dependent kinase cdc2p and cyclin B cdc13p during mitosis and meiosis.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:11781565
  title: Feedback regulation of the MBF transcription factor by cyclin Cig2.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:11937031
  title: CDK phosphorylation of Drc1 regulates DNA replication in fission yeast.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:12023299
  title: Cdc2-cyclin B kinase activity links Crb2 and Rqh1-topoisomerase III.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:12186947
  title: A novel chk1-dependent G1/M checkpoint in fission yeast.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:12419251
  title: Stable association of mitotic cyclin B/Cdc2 to replication origins prevents endoreduplication.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:12606573
  title: Function of Cdc2p-dependent Bub1p phosphorylation and Bub1p kinase activity in the mitotic and meiotic spindle checkpoint.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:15297457
  title: On the slowing of S phase in response to DNA damage in fission yeast.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:1655416
  title: Phosphorylation at Thr167 is required for Schizosaccharomyces pombe p34cdc2 function.
  findings:
  - statement: Activating phosphorylation of Thr167 is required for p34cdc2 kinase activity at mitosis and for association with cyclin B.
    supporting_text: we establish that Thr167 phosphorylation is required for p34cdc2 kinase activity at mitosis and is involved in the association of p34cdc2 with cyclin B.
    reference_section_type: ABSTRACT
- id: PMID:16920624
  title: CDC2 phosphorylation of the fission yeast dis1 ensures accurate chromosome segregation.
  findings:
  - statement: Cdc2 directly phosphorylates the TOG-family protein Dis1 to regulate its localization and ensure high-fidelity chromosome segregation.
    supporting_text: Cdc2 thus directly phosphorylates Dis1, and this phosphorylation regulates Dis1 localization in both metaphase and anaphase and ensures high-fidelity segregation.
    reference_section_type: ABSTRACT
- id: PMID:16950131
  title: Phospho-regulation of the Cdc14/Clp1 phosphatase delays late mitotic events in S. pombe.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:16950791
  title: Role of Hcn1 and its phosphorylation in fission yeast anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome function.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:1699136
  title: Distinct nuclear and spindle pole body population of cyclin-cdc2 in fission yeast.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:17804800
  title: Mei4p coordinates the onset of meiosis I by regulating cdc25+ in fission yeast.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:18059475
  title: Cdc2p controls the forkhead transcription factor Fkh2p by phosphorylation during sexual differentiation in fission yeast.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:19523829
  title: Phosphorylation state defines discrete roles for monopolin in chromosome attachment and spindle elongation.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:19686686
  title: Phospho-regulated interaction between kinesin-6 Klp9p and microtubule bundler Ase1p promotes spindle elongation.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:20739936
  title: Phosphorylation of the CPC by Cdk1 promotes chromosome bi-orientation.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:21965289
  title: Nsk1 ensures accurate chromosome segregation by promoting association of kinetochores to spindle poles during anaphase B.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:22065639
  title: Cdk1 phosphorylation of the kinetochore protein Nsk1 prevents error-prone chromosome segregation.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:22665807
  title: Multisite phosphoregulation of Cdc25 activity refines the mitotic entrance and exit switches.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:22959349
  title: Telomere-nuclear envelope dissociation promoted by Rap1 phosphorylation ensures faithful chromosome segregation.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:23333317
  title: Removal of centrosomal PP1 by NIMA kinase unlocks the MPF feedback loop to promote mitotic commitment in S. pombe.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:24074952
  title: Phosphorylation-dependent assembly and coordination of the DNA damage checkpoint apparatus by Rad4(TopBP1).
  findings: []
- id: PMID:24920823
  title: Cdk1 promotes cytokinesis in fission yeast through activation of the septation initiation network.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:2534559
  title: 'Fission yeast cyclin: subcellular localisation and cell cycle regulation.'
  findings: []
- id: PMID:25487150
  title: A PP1-PP2A phosphatase relay controls mitotic progression.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:25533340
  title: Cdk1 restrains NHEJ through phosphorylation of XRCC4-like factor Xlf1.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:2569363
  title: 'The fission yeast cdc2/cdc13/suc1 protein kinase: regulation of catalytic activity and nuclear localization.'
  findings: []
- id: PMID:26131711
  title: Two Distinct Cdc2 Pools Regulate Cell Cycle Progression and the DNA Damage Response in the Fission Yeast S.pombe.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:2665944
  title: Regulation of p34cdc2 protein kinase during mitosis.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:26804917
  title: Spatiotemporal Control of Forkhead Binding to DNA Regulates the Meiotic Gene Expression Program.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:2682257
  title: Tyrosine phosphorylation of the fission yeast cdc2+ protein kinase regulates entry into mitosis.
  findings:
  - statement: Tyr15 phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of p34cdc2 directly regulates mitotic entry; the Y15F mutant enters mitosis prematurely.
    supporting_text: Substitution of this tyrosine by phenylalanine advances cells prematurely into mitosis, establishing that tyrosine phosphorylation/dephosphorylation directly regulates pp34 function.
    reference_section_type: ABSTRACT
- id: PMID:27984725
  title: CDK Substrate Phosphorylation and Ordering the Cell Cycle.
  findings:
  - statement: A single Cdc13-Cdc2 cyclin-CDK can substitute for all the cyclin-CDK complexes of the cell cycle, and a single rising CDK activity orders substrate phosphorylation via substrate-specific activity thresholds; >200 substrates were identified.
    supporting_text: a single rising CDK activity orders substrate phosphorylation via the sequential passage through substrate-specific activity thresholds and that this, in turn, orders cell cycle events.
    reference_section_type: RESULTS
- id: PMID:29123917
  title: The telomere bouquet facilitates meiotic prophase progression and exit in fission yeast.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:29343550
  title: Cdk1-dependent phosphoinhibition of a formin-F-BAR interaction opposes cytokinetic contractile ring formation.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:29813053
  title: Specific detection of fission yeast primary septum reveals septum and cleavage furrow ingression during early anaphase independent of mitosis completion.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:30640914
  title: CDK contribution to DSB formation and recombination in fission yeast meiosis.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:31644361
  title: A mechanism for how Cdr1/Nim1 kinase promotes mitotic entry by inhibiting Wee1.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:32878942
  title: Phosphoregulation of the cytokinetic protein Fic1 contributes to fission yeast growth polarity establishment.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:3322810
  title: p13suc1 acts in the fission yeast cell division cycle as a component of the p34cdc2 protein kinase.
  findings:
  - statement: The Suc1/Cks1 subunit (p13suc1) forms a complex with the cdc2 gene product as a regulatory component of the p34cdc2 protein kinase holoenzyme.
    supporting_text: p13suc1 was found in yeast lysates in a complex with the cdc2+ gene product.
    reference_section_type: ABSTRACT
- id: PMID:34133210
  title: Cdk1 phosphorylation of fission yeast paxillin inhibits its cytokinetic ring localization.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:34402513
  title: Phosphorylation in the intrinsically disordered region of F-BAR protein Imp2 regulates its contractile ring recruitment.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:34810257
  title: Ccp1-Ndc80 switch at the N terminus of CENP-T regulates kinetochore assembly.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:3516412
  title: The cell cycle control gene cdc2+ of fission yeast encodes a protein kinase potentially regulated by phosphorylation.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:35354597
  title: Quantitative analysis of nuclear pore complex organization in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:36408846
  title: Differential phosphorylation of Clr4(SUV39H) by Cdk1 accompanies a histone H3 methylation switch that is essential for gametogenesis.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:37128864
  title: CDK actively contributes to establishment of the stationary phase state in fission yeast.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:39174851
  title: CDK phosphorylation of Sfr1 downregulates Rad51 function in late-meiotic homolog invasions.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:41354344
  title: The mitotic functions of a fission yeast CK1 enzyme are regulated by Cdk1-dependent and auto-phosphorylation.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:7254352
  title: Gene required in G1 for commitment to cell cycle and in G2 for control of mitosis in fission yeast.
  findings:
  - statement: cdc2 is genetically required in G1 for commitment to the cell cycle and in G2 for control of mitosis, defining its dual role at both major cell-cycle transitions.
    supporting_text: Gene required in G1 for commitment to cell cycle and in G2 for control of mitosis in fission yeast.
    reference_section_type: TITLE
- id: PMID:7498766
  title: The role of cdc2 and other genes in meiosis in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
  findings:
  - statement: cdc2 is essential for premeiotic DNA synthesis and meiosis II, demonstrating its requirement for the meiotic cell cycle.
    supporting_text: The cdc2 gene, which is required for the initiation of both mitotic S-phase and M-phase, is essential for premeiotic DNA synthesis and meiosis II.
    reference_section_type: ABSTRACT
- id: PMID:7774573
  title: Dominant mutants identify new roles for p34cdc2 in mitosis.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:7957097
  title: Phosphorylation of dis2 protein phosphatase at the C-terminal cdc2 consensus and its potential role in cell cycle regulation.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:8121488
  title: Regulation of progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle by the rum1+ gene.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:8455610
  title: Two fission yeast B-type cyclins, cig2 and Cdc13, have different functions in mitosis.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:8552194
  title: Interaction of Cdc2 and Cdc18 with a fission yeast ORC2-like protein.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:9034336
  title: Fission yeast pheromone blocks S-phase by inhibiting the G1 cyclin B-p34cdc2 kinase.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:9042863
  title: Cdc2 tyrosine phosphorylation is required for the DNA damage checkpoint in fission yeast.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:9115279
  title: Pch1(+), a second essential C-type cyclin gene in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:9177184
  title: Interaction of the S phase regulator cdc18 with cyclin-dependent kinase in fission yeast.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:9242669
  title: A novel protein, Psp1, essential for cell cycle progression of Schizosaccharomyces pombe is phosphorylated by Cdc2-Cdc13 upon entry into G0-like stationary phase of cell growth.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:9278510
  title: Cdc25 mitotic inducer targeted by chk1 DNA damage checkpoint kinase.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:9303310
  title: p25rum1 promotes proteolysis of the mitotic B-cyclin p56cdc13 during G1 of the fission yeast cell cycle.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:9353247
  title: Regulation of the replication initiator protein p65cdc18 by CDK phosphorylation.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:9398669
  title: A WD repeat protein controls the cell cycle and differentiation by negatively regulating Cdc2/B-type cyclin complexes.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:9430640
  title: Regulation of the G1 phase of the cell cycle by periodic stabilization and degradation of the p25rum1 CDK inhibitor.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:9436991
  title: Negative regulation of Cdc18 DNA replication protein by Cdc2.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:9755169
  title: Cdc18 transcription and proteolysis couple S phase to passage through mitosis.
  findings: []
core_functions:
- description: 'Cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity: as the catalytic subunit of the cyclin-CDK holoenzyme, Cdc2 phosphorylates Ser/Thr-Pro motifs on its substrates.'
  supported_by:
  - reference_id: PMID:11486016
    supporting_text: Cdc2 kinase is a master regulator of cell cycle progression in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Our data indicate that Cdc2 phosphorylates replication factor Orp2, a subunit of the origin recognition complex (ORC).
    reference_section_type: ABSTRACT
  molecular_function:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
- description: Drives the G2/M transition (mitotic entry) of the cell cycle; the rate-limiting mitotic kinase activated by Cdc25-mediated Tyr15 dephosphorylation and restrained by Wee1/Mik1.
  supported_by:
  - reference_id: PMID:2682257
    supporting_text: Substitution of this tyrosine by phenylalanine advances cells prematurely into mitosis, establishing that tyrosine phosphorylation/dephosphorylation directly regulates pp34 function.
    reference_section_type: ABSTRACT
  directly_involved_in:
  - id: GO:0000086
    label: G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle
  molecular_function:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
- description: Drives the G1/S transition / commitment to the cell cycle (Start), required in G1 for cell-cycle commitment.
  supported_by:
  - reference_id: PMID:7254352
    supporting_text: Gene required in G1 for commitment to cell cycle and in G2 for control of mitosis in fission yeast.
    reference_section_type: TITLE
  directly_involved_in:
  - id: GO:0000082
    label: G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle
  molecular_function:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
- description: Drives the meiotic cell cycle; required for premeiotic DNA synthesis and meiosis II.
  supported_by:
  - reference_id: PMID:7498766
    supporting_text: The cdc2 gene, which is required for the initiation of both mitotic S-phase and M-phase, is essential for premeiotic DNA synthesis and meiosis II.
    reference_section_type: ABSTRACT
  directly_involved_in:
  - id: GO:0051446
    label: positive regulation of meiotic cell cycle
  molecular_function:
    id: GO:0004693
    label: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
suggested_questions:
- question: Which of the >200 identified Cdc2 substrates are individually rate-limiting for ordering specific cell-cycle events, versus collectively contributing through the activity-threshold model?
- question: To what extent is substrate selection determined by cyclin identity (Cdc13 vs Cig1/Cig2/Puc1) versus simply by total CDK activity level in vivo?
- question: How do the spatially distinct Cdc2 pools (nuclear, spindle pole body, kinetochore, chromatin, cytoplasmic) differ in their substrate repertoire and regulation?
suggested_experiments:
- description: Systematic analog-sensitive (as-CDK) chemical-genetic inactivation combined with quantitative phosphoproteomics across synchronized mitotic and meiotic time-courses to map substrate-specific activity thresholds and assign each substrate to a cell-cycle event.
- description: Targeted, substrate-non-phosphorylatable (S/T-to-A) allele panels for individual Cdc2 substrates to determine which downstream processes (e.g. condensation, kinetochore assembly, cytokinesis timing) genetically require direct Cdc2 phosphorylation.
- description: Live-cell imaging with cyclin-specific tagged Cdc2 complexes to quantify the spatiotemporal dynamics of distinct Cdc2-cyclin pools at SPBs, kinetochores and chromatin during mitosis and meiosis.

Gene Description

Existing Annotations Review

Core Functions

Cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity: as the catalytic subunit of the cyclin-CDK holoenzyme, Cdc2 phosphorylates Ser/Thr-Pro motifs on its substrates.

Drives the G2/M transition (mitotic entry) of the cell cycle; the rate-limiting mitotic kinase activated by Cdc25-mediated Tyr15 dephosphorylation and restrained by Wee1/Mik1.

Drives the G1/S transition / commitment to the cell cycle (Start), required in G1 for cell-cycle commitment.

Drives the meiotic cell cycle; required for premeiotic DNA synthesis and meiosis II.

References

Suggested Questions for Experts

Suggested Experiments

📚 Additional Documentation

Notes

cdc2 (Cdk1, p34cdc2) — S. pombe — review notes

Core identity

Key supporting evidence (verbatim)

Annotation review strategy

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