lnuA

UniProt ID: P06107
Organism: Staphylococcus haemolyticus
Review Status: DRAFT
Aliases:
linA
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Gene Description

lnuA, historically named linA in Staphylococcus haemolyticus, encodes a lincosamide resistance enzyme. The enzyme family inactivates lincomycin and clindamycin by O-nucleotidylation/adenylation, producing lincosamide 5'-adenylate derivatives. The fetched GOA file is empty for this accession, and GO lacks a lincosamide O-nucleotidyltransferase molecular-function term.

Proposed New Ontology Terms

lincosamide O-nucleotidyltransferase activity

Definition: Catalysis of the transfer of a nucleotidyl group from a nucleoside 5'-triphosphate donor to a lincosamide antibiotic such as lincomycin or clindamycin, producing an O-nucleotidylated lincosamide with reduced antibiotic activity.

Justification: The Lnu/LinA mechanism is a direct antibiotic-inactivation activity, but GO currently lacks a lincosamide O-nucleotidyltransferase term. The AMR mapping records this as an explicit NoTermFound gap.

Parent term: transferase activity

Mappings:

Supporting Evidence:

Existing Annotations Review

GO Term Evidence Action Reason
GO:0046677 response to antibiotic
RCA
file:genes/STAHA/lnuA/lnuA-uniprot.txt 		NEW
Summary: NEW high-level process annotation for a lincosamide-resistance determinant.
Reason: The GOA TSV is empty, but the UniProt flat file carries response to antibiotic and CARD identifies the entry as lnuA, an antibiotic inactivation determinant.
Supporting Evidence:
file:genes/STAHA/lnuA/lnuA-uniprot.txt
DR CARD; ARO:3002835; lnuA; ARO:0001004; antibiotic inactivation.
PMID:3091456
confers resistance to lincomycin by inactivating it in Staphylococcus haemolyticus.
GO:0016740 transferase activity
RCA
PMID:2846528
Inactivation of lincosaminide antibiotics in Staphylococcus.... 		NEW
Summary: NEW broad molecular-function annotation for lincosamide O-nucleotidyltransferase activity.
Reason: GO lacks a lincosamide O-nucleotidyltransferase term. The broad transferase parent is a defensible interim MF, but the proposed new term below is the biologically useful target.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:2846528
Identification of lincosaminide O-nucleotidyltransferases
PMID:2846528
linA encoding the 3-lincomycin, 4-clindamycin O-nucleotidyltransferase

Core Functions

Lincosamide O-nucleotidyltransferase activity that inactivates lincomycin and clindamycin by producing adenylated lincosamide derivatives.

Molecular Function:
transferase activity
Directly Involved In:
response to antibiotic
Supporting Evidence:
  • PMID:2846528
    clindamycin was inactivated through its conversion to clindamycin 4-(5'-adenylate).
  • file:genes/STAHA/lnuA/lnuA-uniprot.txt
    DE RecName: Full=Lincosamide resistance protein;

References

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Suggested Questions for Experts

Q: Should GO name this term lincosamide O-nucleotidyltransferase activity or lincosamide adenylyltransferase activity?

Suggested Experiments

Experiment: Reconstitute purified LnuA/LinA with lincomycin and clindamycin plus ATP, GTP, CTP, or UTP donors and quantify nucleotidylated products by NMR or LC-MS.

Type: in vitro enzyme assay

📚 Additional Documentation

Notes

(lnuA-notes.md)

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