ACTL8 is a divergent, testis-enriched actin-family protein whose endogenous molecular function remains unresolved. It retains an actin fold, but substitutions at conventional actin contact surfaces suggest altered assembly properties; polymerization and filament association have not been established experimentally. Cytoplasmic ACTL8 has been detected in human tumor tissue. ACTL8 is also known as cancer/testis antigen 57 and is expressed in several carcinomas, where knockdown reduces proliferation, migration and invasion and alters PI3K/AKT/mTOR-MYC signaling. A breast-cancer study reports direct binding of the small molecule Momordin Ic by surface plasmon resonance and thermal shift assays and partial pathway rescue by MYC overexpression. These results provide a biochemical ligand and signaling context without yet identifying ACTL8’s normal testicular mechanism.
| GO Term | Evidence | Action | Reason |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0015629 actin cytoskeleton | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Retain the broad compartment assignment without treating it as exclusive localization. Reason: The ancestral actin-family compartment inference is biologically compatible with ACTL8. The local analysis lists human annotation recipients and sequence identities; it does not reconstruct tree topology or establish a node-placement error. Retain this compartment as non-core while the physiological molecular function is unresolved. The previous donor-by-donor records are preserved in the linked superseded-assessment artifact. The existing RESULTS analysis also preserves filament-interface and DNase-I-loop comparisons. Those site-specific differences motivate a test of altered assembly; sequence identity or recipient counts alone do not establish loss of this particular ancestral function. Propagation Review Root cause: NO FAILURE NON CORE Sources checked: PANTHER:PTN002631484 · PTN002631484 SUPPORTS TRANSFER This is the actual ancestral IBD source in cached PAINT. QuickGO recipient membership is not a reconstruction of all descendants, branch lengths, node placement or function loss; donor count is not an evidence-strength metric. Supporting Evidence: file:interpro/panther/PTHR11937/PTHR11937-paint.tsv PTHR11937 PTN002631484 GO:0015629 C IBD false CGD:CAL0000191211|FB:FBgn0011743|MGI:MGI:87906|MGI:MGI:87909|PomBase:SPBC32H8.12c|RGD:1304556|RGD:621676|RGD:628837|SGD:S000001855|UniProtKB:P08023|UniProtKB:P60709|UniProtKB:P63261|UniProtKB:P68032|UniProtKB:P68133|UniProtKB:Q6QAQ1|UniProtKB:Q8I4X0|WB:WBGene00000064|WB:WBGene00000065|WB:WBGene00000066|WB:WBGene00000067|dictyBase:DDB_G0269234|dictyBase:DDB_G0275023|dictyBase:DDB_G0289487|dictyBase:DDB_G0289811 taxon:2759 20260528 |
| GO:0045202 synapse | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | UNDECIDED | Summary: The inherited synapse assertion remains unresolved for divergent ACTL8. Reason: The PAINT cache confirms the IBD at PTN007551913. The local analysis documents sequence/interface divergence and unusual human annotation recipients, but does not reconstruct the family tree or demonstrate a misplaced ancestral assertion. Its ACTR3 control has lower conventional-actin contact conservation yet contributes to a filament branch, so those scores do not prove loss of every structural or filament-associated role. Testis enrichment, a short donor list and lack of a target assay likewise do not establish biological exclusion. The neuronal/postsynaptic context needs target-specific localization or a resolved phylogenetic loss argument; primary tissue enrichment is not evidence of zero neuronal expression. A neutral focused OpenScientist assessment is pending. The previous donor-by-donor records are preserved in the linked superseded-assessment artifact. The existing RESULTS analysis also preserves filament-interface and DNase-I-loop comparisons. Those site-specific differences motivate a test of altered assembly; sequence identity or recipient counts alone do not establish loss of this particular ancestral function. Propagation Review Root cause: UNRESOLVED Sources checked: PANTHER:PTN007551913 · PTN007551913 UNRESOLVED This is the actual ancestral IBD source in cached PAINT. QuickGO recipient membership is not a reconstruction of all descendants, branch lengths, node placement or function loss; donor count is not an evidence-strength metric. Supporting Evidence: file:human/ACTL8/ACTL8-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md ACTL8 is 33.8% identical to beta-actin over its aligned block. file:human/ACTL8/ACTL8-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md **Arp3 (ACTR3) scores below ACTL8** |
| GO:0005737 cytoplasm | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Retain the broad compartment assignment without treating it as exclusive localization. Reason: The ancestral actin-family compartment inference is biologically compatible with ACTL8. The local analysis lists human annotation recipients and sequence identities; it does not reconstruct tree topology or establish a node-placement error. Retain this compartment as non-core while the physiological molecular function is unresolved. PMID:41129177 independently reports focal cytoplasmic staining in human tumor tissue, providing direct target support. The previous donor-by-donor records are preserved in the linked superseded-assessment artifact. The existing RESULTS analysis also preserves filament-interface and DNase-I-loop comparisons. Those site-specific differences motivate a test of altered assembly; sequence identity or recipient counts alone do not establish loss of this particular ancestral function. Propagation Review Root cause: NO FAILURE NON CORE Sources checked: PANTHER:PTN007551913 · PTN007551913 SUPPORTS TRANSFER This is the actual ancestral IBD source in cached PAINT. QuickGO recipient membership is not a reconstruction of all descendants, branch lengths, node placement or function loss; donor count is not an evidence-strength metric. Supporting Evidence: file:human/ACTL8/ACTL8-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md ACTL8 is 33.8% identical to beta-actin over its aligned block. file:human/ACTL8/ACTL8-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md **Arp3 (ACTR3) scores below ACTL8** PMID:41129177 ACTL8 exhibited moderate cytoplasmic staining in a focal pattern (Figure 1C). |
| GO:0016020 membrane | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | UNDECIDED | Summary: The inherited membrane assertion remains unresolved for divergent ACTL8. Reason: The PAINT cache confirms the IBD at PTN007551913. The local analysis documents sequence/interface divergence and unusual human annotation recipients, but does not reconstruct the family tree or demonstrate a misplaced ancestral assertion. Its ACTR3 control has lower conventional-actin contact conservation yet contributes to a filament branch, so those scores do not prove loss of every structural or filament-associated role. Testis enrichment, a short donor list and lack of a target assay likewise do not establish biological exclusion. Peripheral membrane association does not require a transmembrane segment or a conventional cortical actin polymer. A neutral focused OpenScientist assessment is pending. The previous donor-by-donor records are preserved in the linked superseded-assessment artifact. The existing RESULTS analysis also preserves filament-interface and DNase-I-loop comparisons. Those site-specific differences motivate a test of altered assembly; sequence identity or recipient counts alone do not establish loss of this particular ancestral function. Propagation Review Root cause: UNRESOLVED Sources checked: PANTHER:PTN007551913 · PTN007551913 UNRESOLVED This is the actual ancestral IBD source in cached PAINT. QuickGO recipient membership is not a reconstruction of all descendants, branch lengths, node placement or function loss; donor count is not an evidence-strength metric. Supporting Evidence: file:human/ACTL8/ACTL8-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md ACTL8 is 33.8% identical to beta-actin over its aligned block. file:human/ACTL8/ACTL8-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md **Arp3 (ACTR3) scores below ACTL8** |
| GO:0030424 axon | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | UNDECIDED | Summary: The inherited axon assertion remains unresolved for divergent ACTL8. Reason: The PAINT cache confirms the IBD at PTN007551913. The local analysis documents sequence/interface divergence and unusual human annotation recipients, but does not reconstruct the family tree or demonstrate a misplaced ancestral assertion. Its ACTR3 control has lower conventional-actin contact conservation yet contributes to a filament branch, so those scores do not prove loss of every structural or filament-associated role. Testis enrichment, a short donor list and lack of a target assay likewise do not establish biological exclusion. The neuronal/postsynaptic context needs target-specific localization or a resolved phylogenetic loss argument; primary tissue enrichment is not evidence of zero neuronal expression. A neutral focused OpenScientist assessment is pending. The previous donor-by-donor records are preserved in the linked superseded-assessment artifact. The existing RESULTS analysis also preserves filament-interface and DNase-I-loop comparisons. Those site-specific differences motivate a test of altered assembly; sequence identity or recipient counts alone do not establish loss of this particular ancestral function. Propagation Review Root cause: UNRESOLVED Sources checked: PANTHER:PTN007551913 · PTN007551913 UNRESOLVED This is the actual ancestral IBD source in cached PAINT. QuickGO recipient membership is not a reconstruction of all descendants, branch lengths, node placement or function loss; donor count is not an evidence-strength metric. Supporting Evidence: file:human/ACTL8/ACTL8-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md ACTL8 is 33.8% identical to beta-actin over its aligned block. file:human/ACTL8/ACTL8-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md **Arp3 (ACTR3) scores below ACTL8** |
| GO:0098973 structural constituent of postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | UNDECIDED | Summary: The inherited structural constituent of postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton assertion remains unresolved for divergent ACTL8. Reason: The PAINT cache confirms the IBD at PTN002631586. The local analysis documents sequence/interface divergence and unusual human annotation recipients, but does not reconstruct the family tree or demonstrate a misplaced ancestral assertion. Its ACTR3 control has lower conventional-actin contact conservation yet contributes to a filament branch, so those scores do not prove loss of every structural or filament-associated role. Testis enrichment, a short donor list and lack of a target assay likewise do not establish biological exclusion. The neuronal/postsynaptic context needs target-specific localization or a resolved phylogenetic loss argument; primary tissue enrichment is not evidence of zero neuronal expression. A neutral focused OpenScientist assessment is pending. The previous donor-by-donor records are preserved in the linked superseded-assessment artifact. The existing RESULTS analysis also preserves filament-interface and DNase-I-loop comparisons. Those site-specific differences motivate a test of altered assembly; sequence identity or recipient counts alone do not establish loss of this particular ancestral function. Propagation Review Root cause: UNRESOLVED Sources checked: PANTHER:PTN002631586 · PTN002631586 UNRESOLVED This is the actual ancestral IBD source in cached PAINT. QuickGO recipient membership is not a reconstruction of all descendants, branch lengths, node placement or function loss; donor count is not an evidence-strength metric. Supporting Evidence: file:human/ACTL8/ACTL8-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md ACTL8 is 33.8% identical to beta-actin over its aligned block. file:human/ACTL8/ACTL8-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md **Arp3 (ACTR3) scores below ACTL8** |
| GO:0005884 actin filament | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | UNDECIDED | Summary: The inherited actin filament assertion remains unresolved for divergent ACTL8. Reason: The PAINT cache confirms the IBD at PTN002631586. The local analysis documents sequence/interface divergence and unusual human annotation recipients, but does not reconstruct the family tree or demonstrate a misplaced ancestral assertion. Its ACTR3 control has lower conventional-actin contact conservation yet contributes to a filament branch, so those scores do not prove loss of every structural or filament-associated role. Testis enrichment, a short donor list and lack of a target assay likewise do not establish biological exclusion. A neutral focused OpenScientist assessment is pending. The previous donor-by-donor records are preserved in the linked superseded-assessment artifact. The existing RESULTS analysis also preserves filament-interface and DNase-I-loop comparisons. Those site-specific differences motivate a test of altered assembly; sequence identity or recipient counts alone do not establish loss of this particular ancestral function. Propagation Review Root cause: UNRESOLVED Sources checked: PANTHER:PTN002631586 · PTN002631586 UNRESOLVED This is the actual ancestral IBD source in cached PAINT. QuickGO recipient membership is not a reconstruction of all descendants, branch lengths, node placement or function loss; donor count is not an evidence-strength metric. Supporting Evidence: file:human/ACTL8/ACTL8-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md ACTL8 is 33.8% identical to beta-actin over its aligned block. file:human/ACTL8/ACTL8-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md **Arp3 (ACTR3) scores below ACTL8** |
| GO:0007409 axonogenesis | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | UNDECIDED | Summary: The inherited axonogenesis assertion remains unresolved for divergent ACTL8. Reason: The PAINT cache confirms the IBD at PTN007551913. The local analysis documents sequence/interface divergence and unusual human annotation recipients, but does not reconstruct the family tree or demonstrate a misplaced ancestral assertion. Its ACTR3 control has lower conventional-actin contact conservation yet contributes to a filament branch, so those scores do not prove loss of every structural or filament-associated role. Testis enrichment, a short donor list and lack of a target assay likewise do not establish biological exclusion. The neuronal/postsynaptic context needs target-specific localization or a resolved phylogenetic loss argument; primary tissue enrichment is not evidence of zero neuronal expression. A neutral focused OpenScientist assessment is pending. The previous donor-by-donor records are preserved in the linked superseded-assessment artifact. The existing RESULTS analysis also preserves filament-interface and DNase-I-loop comparisons. Those site-specific differences motivate a test of altered assembly; sequence identity or recipient counts alone do not establish loss of this particular ancestral function. Propagation Review Root cause: UNRESOLVED Sources checked: PANTHER:PTN007551913 · PTN007551913 UNRESOLVED This is the actual ancestral IBD source in cached PAINT. QuickGO recipient membership is not a reconstruction of all descendants, branch lengths, node placement or function loss; donor count is not an evidence-strength metric. Supporting Evidence: file:human/ACTL8/ACTL8-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md ACTL8 is 33.8% identical to beta-actin over its aligned block. file:human/ACTL8/ACTL8-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md **Arp3 (ACTR3) scores below ACTL8** |
| GO:0019901 protein kinase binding | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | UNDECIDED | Summary: The inherited protein kinase binding assertion remains unresolved for divergent ACTL8. Reason: The PAINT cache confirms the IBD at PTN007551913. The local analysis documents sequence/interface divergence and unusual human annotation recipients, but does not reconstruct the family tree or demonstrate a misplaced ancestral assertion. Its ACTR3 control has lower conventional-actin contact conservation yet contributes to a filament branch, so those scores do not prove loss of every structural or filament-associated role. Testis enrichment, a short donor list and lack of a target assay likewise do not establish biological exclusion. Protein kinase binding is a defined interaction class, not generic protein binding; the source experiment and conserved interface need assessment. A neutral focused OpenScientist assessment is pending. The previous donor-by-donor records are preserved in the linked superseded-assessment artifact. The existing RESULTS analysis also preserves filament-interface and DNase-I-loop comparisons. Those site-specific differences motivate a test of altered assembly; sequence identity or recipient counts alone do not establish loss of this particular ancestral function. Propagation Review Root cause: UNRESOLVED Sources checked: PANTHER:PTN007551913 · PTN007551913 UNRESOLVED This is the actual ancestral IBD source in cached PAINT. QuickGO recipient membership is not a reconstruction of all descendants, branch lengths, node placement or function loss; donor count is not an evidence-strength metric. Supporting Evidence: file:human/ACTL8/ACTL8-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md ACTL8 is 33.8% identical to beta-actin over its aligned block. file:human/ACTL8/ACTL8-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md **Arp3 (ACTR3) scores below ACTL8** |
| GO:0035267 NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | UNDECIDED | Summary: The inherited NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex assertion remains unresolved for divergent ACTL8. Reason: The PAINT cache confirms the IBD at PTN007551913. The local analysis documents sequence/interface divergence and unusual human annotation recipients, but does not reconstruct the family tree or demonstrate a misplaced ancestral assertion. Its ACTR3 control has lower conventional-actin contact conservation yet contributes to a filament branch, so those scores do not prove loss of every structural or filament-associated role. Testis enrichment, a short donor list and lack of a target assay likewise do not establish biological exclusion. Complex membership can be inherited phylogenetically. The named ACTB/ACTL6A subunits in a descriptive definition do not logically exclude another subunit; no ACTL8-specific loss has been demonstrated. A neutral focused OpenScientist assessment is pending. The previous donor-by-donor records are preserved in the linked superseded-assessment artifact. The existing RESULTS analysis also preserves filament-interface and DNase-I-loop comparisons. Those site-specific differences motivate a test of altered assembly; sequence identity or recipient counts alone do not establish loss of this particular ancestral function. Propagation Review Root cause: UNRESOLVED Sources checked: PANTHER:PTN007551913 · PTN007551913 UNRESOLVED This is the actual ancestral IBD source in cached PAINT. QuickGO recipient membership is not a reconstruction of all descendants, branch lengths, node placement or function loss; donor count is not an evidence-strength metric. Supporting Evidence: file:human/ACTL8/ACTL8-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md ACTL8 is 33.8% identical to beta-actin over its aligned block. file:human/ACTL8/ACTL8-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md **Arp3 (ACTR3) scores below ACTL8** |
| GO:0048870 cell motility | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | UNDECIDED | Summary: The inherited cell motility assertion remains unresolved for divergent ACTL8. Reason: The PAINT cache confirms the IBD at PTN007551913. The local analysis documents sequence/interface divergence and unusual human annotation recipients, but does not reconstruct the family tree or demonstrate a misplaced ancestral assertion. Its ACTR3 control has lower conventional-actin contact conservation yet contributes to a filament branch, so those scores do not prove loss of every structural or filament-associated role. Testis enrichment, a short donor list and lack of a target assay likewise do not establish biological exclusion. Cancer-cell migration phenotypes support a connection but do not yet identify ACTL8’s work in the motility machinery or a specific regulatory step. A neutral focused OpenScientist assessment is pending. The previous donor-by-donor records are preserved in the linked superseded-assessment artifact. The existing RESULTS analysis also preserves filament-interface and DNase-I-loop comparisons. Those site-specific differences motivate a test of altered assembly; sequence identity or recipient counts alone do not establish loss of this particular ancestral function. Propagation Review Root cause: UNRESOLVED Sources checked: PANTHER:PTN007551913 · PTN007551913 UNRESOLVED This is the actual ancestral IBD source in cached PAINT. QuickGO recipient membership is not a reconstruction of all descendants, branch lengths, node placement or function loss; donor count is not an evidence-strength metric. Supporting Evidence: file:human/ACTL8/ACTL8-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md ACTL8 is 33.8% identical to beta-actin over its aligned block. file:human/ACTL8/ACTL8-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md **Arp3 (ACTR3) scores below ACTL8** |
| GO:0005856 cytoskeleton | IEA GO_REF:0000044 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Retain the broader cytoskeletal inference consistently with the actin-cytoskeleton annotation. Reason: The UniProt cytoskeletal statement is a similarity inference and the parent compartment is compatible with the retained IBA. This is not independent experimental confirmation and does not prove a particular filament-assembly mechanism. The previous donor-by-donor records are preserved in the linked superseded-assessment artifact. The existing RESULTS analysis also preserves filament-interface and DNase-I-loop comparisons. Those site-specific differences motivate a test of altered assembly; sequence identity or recipient counts alone do not establish loss of this particular ancestral function. Propagation Review Root cause: EVIDENCE CIRCULAR OR REDUNDANT Failure modes: CIRCULAR PROPAGATION SOURCE EVIDENCE WEAK Sources checked: UniProtKB-SubCell:SL-0090 · UniProt subcellular-location vocabulary term for cytoskeleton SOURCE WEAK OR INFERRED A controlled-vocabulary identifier, not a gene product, so it carries no evidence of its own. The UniProt statement behind it is ECO:0000250 by similarity with no source entry cited, which makes this annotation a re-encoding of the same family-level inference that the IBA rows already express. Supporting Evidence: file:human/ACTL8/ACTL8-uniprot.txt CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton {ECO:0000250}. |
| GO:0098974 postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton organization | IEA GO_REF:0000108 | UNDECIDED | Summary: The inherited postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton organization assertion remains unresolved for divergent ACTL8. Reason: The automatic MF-to-BP inference depends on GO:0098973, now UNDECIDED. Neither conventional-actin interface divergence nor tissue enrichment establishes loss of all postsynaptic structural contributions, so the derived process is also unresolved rather than confidently removed. The previous donor-by-donor records are preserved in the linked superseded-assessment artifact. The existing RESULTS analysis also preserves filament-interface and DNase-I-loop comparisons. Those site-specific differences motivate a test of altered assembly; sequence identity or recipient counts alone do not establish loss of this particular ancestral function. Supporting Evidence: file:human/ACTL8/ACTL8-bioinformatics/RESULTS.md GO term used as the WITH/FROM source (automatic MF->BP step) |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:25416956 A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network. | REMOVE | Summary: The CERT1 interaction remains a lead, but generic protein binding is uninformative. Reason: The interaction-screen evidence is not declared false. Remove the generic term under project policy; orthogonal validation and functional assays are needed before assigning a more informative molecular function. The previous donor-by-donor records are preserved in the linked superseded-assessment artifact. The existing RESULTS analysis also preserves filament-interface and DNase-I-loop comparisons. Those site-specific differences motivate a test of altered assembly; sequence identity or recipient counts alone do not establish loss of this particular ancestral function. Supporting Evidence: file:human/ACTL8/ACTL8-uniprot.txt CC Q9H568; Q9Y5P4: CERT1; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-10306917, EBI-739994; PMID:25416956 we describe a systematic map of |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Summary: The CERT1 interaction remains a lead, but generic protein binding is uninformative. Reason: The interaction-screen evidence is not declared false. Remove the generic term under project policy; orthogonal validation and functional assays are needed before assigning a more informative molecular function. The previous donor-by-donor records are preserved in the linked superseded-assessment artifact. The existing RESULTS analysis also preserves filament-interface and DNase-I-loop comparisons. Those site-specific differences motivate a test of altered assembly; sequence identity or recipient counts alone do not establish loss of this particular ancestral function. Supporting Evidence: PMID:32296183 we previously generated HI-II-14 consisting of ~14,000 PPIs involving 4,000 proteins from screening ~40% of the genome-by-genome search space PMID:32296183 yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) represents the only binary PPI assay that can be operated at sufficient throughput to systematically screen the human proteome for binary PPIs |
| GO:0030855 epithelial cell differentiation | IEP PMID:21492153 Analysis of proteomic changes induced upon cellular differen... | UNDECIDED | Summary: The inherited epithelial cell differentiation assertion remains unresolved for divergent ACTL8. Reason: PMID:21492153 reports differentially regulated proteins during Caco-2 differentiation. The cached abstract does not resolve the ACTL8-specific result or mechanistic participation. Tissue enrichment does not disprove expression in this cell line, and lack of full text prevents a confident exclusion or functional upgrade. The previous donor-by-donor records are preserved in the linked superseded-assessment artifact. The existing RESULTS analysis also preserves filament-interface and DNase-I-loop comparisons. Those site-specific differences motivate a test of altered assembly; sequence identity or recipient counts alone do not establish loss of this particular ancestral function. Supporting Evidence: PMID:21492153 Two-dimensional gel analysis yielded 53 proteins that were PMID:21492153 differently regulated during the differentiation process file:human/ACTL8/ACTL8-uniprot.txt DR HPA; ENSG00000117148; Tissue enriched (testis). |
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Download this section (compressed HTML)Q: Where does ACTL8 fall in the actual PTHR11937 tree and alignment relative to PTN002631484, PTN002631586 and PTN007551913, and is there evidence of gain or loss for each asserted function?
Q: Does ACTL8 form polymers, occupy specialized filament-associated structures or bind existing actin networks despite divergence from conventional actin contact residues?
Q: Do endogenous localization assays detect ACTL8 in neuronal compartments, peripheral membranes or the NuA4 complex in any physiological or disease context?
Q: What molecular step connects ACTL8 to cancer-cell migration and proliferation, and can the phenotypes be separated from general viability and metabolic effects?
Q: How do the reported Momordin Ic binding and MYC rescue results withstand full-text methodological review and orthogonal replication?
Q: Does ACTL8 bind or hydrolyze ATP, and how does its normal testicular function relate to its cancer-cell phenotypes?
Q: Is the CERT1 interaction reproduced with endogenous proteins, and does it alter ceramide transport?
Q: What ACTL8-specific peptides and expression changes support the Caco-2 differentiation IEP annotation?
Experiment: Compare purified ACTL8 with ACTB and ACTR3 using nucleotide-binding, hydrolysis, polymerization, co-sedimentation and imaging assays. Test both homopolymers and mixed or filament-associated assemblies, with appropriate positive controls.
Hypothesis: ACTL8 has assembly and nucleotide-binding properties that differ from conventional actin.
Type: biochemistry
Experiment: Combine endogenous tagging, interaction measurements, acute depletion and rescue with viability-controlled migration assays and pathway readouts. Use the reported MYC rescue and Momordin Ic binding as starting observations, without assuming that negative proximity labeling excludes an interaction.
Hypothesis: ACTL8 acts at a definable molecular step upstream of the reported cancer-cell phenotypes.
Type: biochemistry
Experiment: Localize validated endogenous ACTL8 across testicular cell types and examine fertility and sperm phenotypes after selective loss of function; compare these results with tumor-cell localization and signaling phenotypes.
Hypothesis: ACTL8 has a physiological role in testicular cells.
Type: genetics
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