AHCTF1 encodes ELYS/MEL-28, a large metazoan nucleoporin and chromatin-associated assembly factor for nuclear pore complexes. ELYS binds chromatin during nuclear reformation, recruits the Nup107-160/Y-complex scaffold to nascent nuclear pores, and localizes to nuclear pores, the nuclear envelope, chromatin, and kinetochores in a cell-cycle-dependent manner. Loss or perturbation of ELYS disrupts post-mitotic NPC assembly and produces chromosome segregation and cytokinesis defects, consistent with a core role in rebuilding the nuclear pore scaffold after open mitosis.
| GO Term | Evidence | Action | Reason |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005634 nucleus | IEA GO_REF:0000120 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Nucleus is a correct but broad automated location for AHCTF1/ELYS. Reason: AHCTF1/ELYS is consistently reported in the nucleus and nuclear envelope/nuclear pore system, but nucleus is less informative than the specific NPC, chromatin, and kinetochore locations supported by experimental evidence. Supporting Evidence: file:human/AHCTF1/AHCTF1-uniprot.txt Localizes to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) throughout interphase. |
| GO:0005635 nuclear envelope | IEA GO_REF:0000044 | ACCEPT | Summary: Nuclear envelope is a well-supported location for AHCTF1/ELYS. Reason: UniProt subcellular-location mapping is consistent with experimental studies showing ELYS at the nuclear envelope and nuclear pore complexes during interphase and nuclear reformation. Supporting Evidence: file:human/AHCTF1/AHCTF1-uniprot.txt Localizes to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) throughout interphase. |
| GO:0005643 nuclear pore | IEA GO_REF:0000044 | ACCEPT | Summary: Nuclear pore is an accurate specific location for ELYS. Reason: AHCTF1/ELYS associates with the Nup107-160/Y-complex scaffold and localizes to NPCs. This term captures the major cellular structure where the protein acts during NPC assembly and interphase NPC organization. Supporting Evidence: file:human/AHCTF1/AHCTF1-uniprot.txt Localizes to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) throughout interphase. PMID:17098863 ELYS, a putative transcription factor, was discovered to copurify with the Nup107-160 complex |
| GO:0005654 nucleoplasm | IEA GO_REF:0000044 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Nucleoplasm is supported as a reported interphase/nuclear location, but it is not the most specific functional compartment. Reason: ELYS has nucleoplasmic signal in addition to nuclear envelope/NPC localization. Because the core role is chromatin-associated NPC assembly, nucleoplasm should be retained as a non-core location rather than used to define gene function. Supporting Evidence: PMID:27341616 In interphase, the ratio of nucleoplasmic versus cytoplasmic GFP signal was ~4.4-fold higher for full-length MEL-28 compared to MEL-281-956_loop2m |
| GO:0005737 cytoplasm | IEA GO_REF:0000120 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Cytoplasm is weakly supported by similarity and cell-cycle context but is not an informative AHCTF1 location. Reason: The main experimental evidence places AHCTF1/ELYS at nuclear pores, nuclear envelope, chromatin, and kinetochores. Cytoplasm is at best a broad inferred or mitotic-background location and should not be propagated as a defining annotation. Supporting Evidence: file:human/AHCTF1/AHCTF1-uniprot.txt Localizes to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) throughout interphase. |
| GO:0016363 nuclear matrix | IEA GO_REF:0000120 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Nuclear matrix is retained as a reported nuclear-associated location but is not central to current mechanistic evidence. Reason: The original experimental paper and UniProt record report nuclear matrix/nuclear-associated localization, but the mechanistically informative compartments are chromatin, NPC/nuclear envelope, and kinetochore. Supporting Evidence: file:human/AHCTF1/AHCTF1-uniprot.txt Localizes to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) throughout interphase. |
| GO:0005635 nuclear envelope | IDA PMID:24315095 Integrated structural analysis of the human nuclear pore com... | ACCEPT | Summary: The human NPC scaffold study supports AHCTF1 as part of the nuclear pore/nuclear envelope scaffold context. Reason: The cited structural work describes the human Nup107 scaffold of the NPC. Together with AHCTF1/ELYS evidence as a Nup107-160-associated assembly factor, nuclear envelope localization is sound. Supporting Evidence: PMID:24315095 32 copies of the Nup107 subcomplex assemble into two reticulated rings PMID:17098863 ELYS, a putative transcription factor, was discovered to copurify with the Nup107-160 complex |
| GO:0005643 nuclear pore | NAS PMID:24315095 Integrated structural analysis of the human nuclear pore com... | ACCEPT | Summary: AHCTF1/ELYS is appropriately associated with the nuclear pore scaffold. Reason: The cited structural study defines the human NPC scaffold, and independent AHCTF1 evidence shows ELYS associates with Nup107-160 and localizes to NPCs. The nuclear pore component annotation is therefore appropriate. Supporting Evidence: PMID:24315095 32 copies of the Nup107 subcomplex assemble into two reticulated rings PMID:17098863 ELYS, a putative transcription factor, was discovered to copurify with the Nup107-160 complex |
| GO:0006913 nucleocytoplasmic transport | NAS PMID:27016207 The Structure Inventory of the Nuclear Pore Complex. | MODIFY | Summary: Nucleocytoplasmic transport is a real downstream function of assembled NPCs, but it is too broad for AHCTF1 itself. Reason: AHCTF1/ELYS acts primarily as a chromatin-associated initiator/scaffold for post-mitotic NPC assembly. The better direct BP annotation is nuclear pore complex assembly rather than the generic transport process carried out by the assembled pore and transport receptors. Proposed replacements: nuclear pore complex assembly Supporting Evidence: PMID:27016207 The nuclear pore complex (NPC) is the principal gateway for molecular exchange between nucleus and cytoplasm PMID:27341616 ELYS binding to chromatin represents the first step in the post-mitotic building of the pore Reactome:R-HSA-9615901 AHCTF1 (ELYS, MEL-28) selectively interacts with the Nup107-160 complex and acts as a seeding center for assembly of nuclear pore complexes |
| GO:0005654 nucleoplasm | IDA GO_REF:0000052 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Nucleoplasm is compatible with reported ELYS localization but is not the most specific site of action. Reason: Human and ortholog evidence shows nucleoplasmic signal, but AHCTF1 function is more specifically tied to chromatin, nuclear pore/nuclear envelope, and kinetochore localization. Supporting Evidence: PMID:27341616 In interphase, the ratio of nucleoplasmic versus cytoplasmic GFP signal was ~4.4-fold higher for full-length MEL-28 compared to MEL-281-956_loop2m |
| GO:0016604 nuclear body | IDA GO_REF:0000052 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Nuclear body is an HPA-derived localization that is not central to established AHCTF1 biology. Reason: The mechanistic literature supports ELYS at nuclear pores/nuclear envelope, chromatin, and kinetochores. Nuclear body localization is not a demonstrated core site of AHCTF1 action and should be treated cautiously. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17098863 depletion of ELYS by RNAi leads to severe disruption of nuclear pores in the nuclear envelope PMID:27341616 Both orthologs depend on an intact beta-propeller domain and central alpha-helical domains for NPC and kinetochore organization. |
| GO:0031965 nuclear membrane | IDA GO_REF:0000052 | ACCEPT | Summary: Nuclear membrane is consistent with the nuclear envelope/NPC localization of AHCTF1. Reason: AHCTF1/ELYS localizes to the nuclear envelope and NPCs and functions during post-mitotic nuclear pore assembly. Nuclear membrane is less specific than nuclear pore but still consistent with the evidence. Supporting Evidence: file:human/AHCTF1/AHCTF1-uniprot.txt Localizes to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) throughout interphase. PMID:17098863 depletion of ELYS by RNAi leads to severe disruption of nuclear pores in the nuclear envelope |
| GO:0005634 nucleus | EXP PMID:27341616 Identification of Conserved MEL-28/ELYS Domains with Essenti... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Nucleus is experimentally supported for MEL-28/ELYS but broad. Reason: The paper shows conserved nuclear, NPC, chromatin, and kinetochore localization domains. Nucleus is correct as a broad location, but the core functional annotation should emphasize NPC assembly and chromatin/NPC/kinetochore sites. Supporting Evidence: PMID:27341616 Both orthologs depend on an intact beta-propeller domain and central alpha-helical domains for NPC and kinetochore organization. |
| GO:0005635 nuclear envelope | EXP PMID:17098863 ELYS is a dual nucleoporin/kinetochore protein required for ... | ACCEPT | Summary: Nuclear envelope localization is directly supported by the original ELYS study. Reason: Rasala et al. showed ELYS localizes to NPCs in the nuclear envelope and that depletion disrupts nuclear pores while other nuclear envelope markers remain comparatively intact. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17098863 depletion of ELYS by RNAi leads to severe disruption of nuclear pores in the nuclear envelope |
| GO:0005635 nuclear envelope | EXP PMID:27341616 Identification of Conserved MEL-28/ELYS Domains with Essenti... | ACCEPT | Summary: Nuclear envelope localization is supported by conserved-domain analysis of MEL-28/ELYS. Reason: The study demonstrates conserved ELYS/MEL-28 domains required for nuclear envelope/NPC localization and function, supporting nuclear envelope as a real site of action. Supporting Evidence: PMID:27341616 Both orthologs depend on an intact beta-propeller domain and central alpha-helical domains for NPC and kinetochore organization. |
| GO:0016363 nuclear matrix | EXP PMID:17098863 ELYS is a dual nucleoporin/kinetochore protein required for ... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Nuclear matrix was reported in the original localization work but is secondary to the NPC/chromatin mechanism. Reason: Retain this as a historical/experimental nuclear-associated location, while recognizing that current mechanistic evidence resolves the major sites as NPC/nuclear envelope, chromatin, and kinetochore. Supporting Evidence: file:human/AHCTF1/AHCTF1-uniprot.txt Localizes to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) throughout interphase. |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-141409 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This Reactome-derived cytosol annotation is not an informative AHCTF1 cellular-component call. Reason: The Reactome event concerns mitotic kinetochore/spindle-checkpoint pathway biology rather than direct localization evidence for AHCTF1 itself. AHCTF1 does have bona fide kinetochore and NPC assembly roles, but propagating the generic cytosol component from these events obscures the evidence-supported nuclear pore/chromatin/kinetochore localization. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17098863 At mitosis, ELYS targets to kinetochores |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-141422 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This Reactome-derived cytosol annotation is not an informative AHCTF1 cellular-component call. Reason: The Reactome event concerns mitotic kinetochore/spindle-checkpoint pathway biology rather than direct localization evidence for AHCTF1 itself. AHCTF1 does have bona fide kinetochore and NPC assembly roles, but propagating the generic cytosol component from these events obscures the evidence-supported nuclear pore/chromatin/kinetochore localization. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17098863 At mitosis, ELYS targets to kinetochores |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-141431 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This Reactome-derived cytosol annotation is not an informative AHCTF1 cellular-component call. Reason: The Reactome event concerns mitotic kinetochore/spindle-checkpoint pathway biology rather than direct localization evidence for AHCTF1 itself. AHCTF1 does have bona fide kinetochore and NPC assembly roles, but propagating the generic cytosol component from these events obscures the evidence-supported nuclear pore/chromatin/kinetochore localization. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17098863 At mitosis, ELYS targets to kinetochores |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-141439 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This Reactome-derived cytosol annotation is not an informative AHCTF1 cellular-component call. Reason: The Reactome event concerns mitotic kinetochore/spindle-checkpoint pathway biology rather than direct localization evidence for AHCTF1 itself. AHCTF1 does have bona fide kinetochore and NPC assembly roles, but propagating the generic cytosol component from these events obscures the evidence-supported nuclear pore/chromatin/kinetochore localization. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17098863 At mitosis, ELYS targets to kinetochores |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-1638803 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This Reactome-derived cytosol annotation is not an informative AHCTF1 cellular-component call. Reason: The Reactome event concerns mitotic kinetochore/spindle-checkpoint pathway biology rather than direct localization evidence for AHCTF1 itself. AHCTF1 does have bona fide kinetochore and NPC assembly roles, but propagating the generic cytosol component from these events obscures the evidence-supported nuclear pore/chromatin/kinetochore localization. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17098863 At mitosis, ELYS targets to kinetochores |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-1638821 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This Reactome-derived cytosol annotation is not an informative AHCTF1 cellular-component call. Reason: The Reactome event concerns mitotic kinetochore/spindle-checkpoint pathway biology rather than direct localization evidence for AHCTF1 itself. AHCTF1 does have bona fide kinetochore and NPC assembly roles, but propagating the generic cytosol component from these events obscures the evidence-supported nuclear pore/chromatin/kinetochore localization. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17098863 At mitosis, ELYS targets to kinetochores |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-2467809 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This Reactome-derived cytosol annotation is not an informative AHCTF1 cellular-component call. Reason: The Reactome event concerns mitotic kinetochore/spindle-checkpoint pathway biology rather than direct localization evidence for AHCTF1 itself. AHCTF1 does have bona fide kinetochore and NPC assembly roles, but propagating the generic cytosol component from these events obscures the evidence-supported nuclear pore/chromatin/kinetochore localization. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17098863 At mitosis, ELYS targets to kinetochores |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-2467811 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This Reactome-derived cytosol annotation is not an informative AHCTF1 cellular-component call. Reason: The Reactome event concerns mitotic kinetochore/spindle-checkpoint pathway biology rather than direct localization evidence for AHCTF1 itself. AHCTF1 does have bona fide kinetochore and NPC assembly roles, but propagating the generic cytosol component from these events obscures the evidence-supported nuclear pore/chromatin/kinetochore localization. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17098863 At mitosis, ELYS targets to kinetochores |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-2468287 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This Reactome-derived cytosol annotation is not an informative AHCTF1 cellular-component call. Reason: The Reactome event concerns mitotic kinetochore/spindle-checkpoint pathway biology rather than direct localization evidence for AHCTF1 itself. AHCTF1 does have bona fide kinetochore and NPC assembly roles, but propagating the generic cytosol component from these events obscures the evidence-supported nuclear pore/chromatin/kinetochore localization. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17098863 At mitosis, ELYS targets to kinetochores |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-2484822 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This Reactome-derived cytosol annotation is not an informative AHCTF1 cellular-component call. Reason: The Reactome event concerns mitotic kinetochore/spindle-checkpoint pathway biology rather than direct localization evidence for AHCTF1 itself. AHCTF1 does have bona fide kinetochore and NPC assembly roles, but propagating the generic cytosol component from these events obscures the evidence-supported nuclear pore/chromatin/kinetochore localization. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17098863 At mitosis, ELYS targets to kinetochores |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-375302 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This Reactome-derived cytosol annotation is not an informative AHCTF1 cellular-component call. Reason: The Reactome event concerns mitotic kinetochore/spindle-checkpoint pathway biology rather than direct localization evidence for AHCTF1 itself. AHCTF1 does have bona fide kinetochore and NPC assembly roles, but propagating the generic cytosol component from these events obscures the evidence-supported nuclear pore/chromatin/kinetochore localization. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17098863 At mitosis, ELYS targets to kinetochores |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-5666129 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This Reactome-derived cytosol annotation is not an informative AHCTF1 cellular-component call. Reason: The Reactome event concerns mitotic kinetochore/spindle-checkpoint pathway biology rather than direct localization evidence for AHCTF1 itself. AHCTF1 does have bona fide kinetochore and NPC assembly roles, but propagating the generic cytosol component from these events obscures the evidence-supported nuclear pore/chromatin/kinetochore localization. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17098863 At mitosis, ELYS targets to kinetochores |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-5666160 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This Reactome-derived cytosol annotation is not an informative AHCTF1 cellular-component call. Reason: The Reactome event concerns mitotic kinetochore/spindle-checkpoint pathway biology rather than direct localization evidence for AHCTF1 itself. AHCTF1 does have bona fide kinetochore and NPC assembly roles, but propagating the generic cytosol component from these events obscures the evidence-supported nuclear pore/chromatin/kinetochore localization. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17098863 At mitosis, ELYS targets to kinetochores |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-5666169 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This Reactome-derived cytosol annotation is not an informative AHCTF1 cellular-component call. Reason: The Reactome event concerns mitotic kinetochore/spindle-checkpoint pathway biology rather than direct localization evidence for AHCTF1 itself. AHCTF1 does have bona fide kinetochore and NPC assembly roles, but propagating the generic cytosol component from these events obscures the evidence-supported nuclear pore/chromatin/kinetochore localization. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17098863 At mitosis, ELYS targets to kinetochores |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-9615901 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: The Reactome event is highly relevant to AHCTF1 function, but the propagated cytosol location is over-annotated. Reason: Reactome:R-HSA-9615901 describes AHCTF1 binding chromatin and the Nup107-160 complex to seed NPC assembly. That evidence supports chromatin/nuclear pore context and nuclear pore complex assembly, not a generic cytosol cellular-component annotation. Supporting Evidence: Reactome:R-HSA-9615901 AHCTF1 (ELYS, MEL-28) selectively interacts with the Nup107-160 complex and acts as a seeding center for assembly of nuclear pore complexes PMID:27341616 ELYS binding to chromatin represents the first step in the post-mitotic building of the pore file:human/AHCTF1/AHCTF1-deep-research-falcon.md Human AHCTF1/ELYS is a chromatin-binding nucleoporin that seeds post-mitotic nuclear pore complex (NPC) reassembly |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-9618378 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This downstream NPC-assembly Reactome event does not support cytosol localization for AHCTF1. Reason: This Reactome-derived cytosol annotation appears to reflect pathway-event context rather than direct AHCTF1 localization evidence. The curated literature and UniProt record place AHCTF1/ELYS at chromatin, kinetochores, the nuclear envelope, and the nuclear pore/Nup107-160 scaffold. Any mitotic exposure to cytosol after nuclear envelope breakdown is not the informative location for this gene product. Supporting Evidence: Reactome:R-HSA-9615901 AHCTF1 (ELYS, MEL-28) selectively interacts with the Nup107-160 complex and acts as a seeding center for assembly of nuclear pore complexes |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-9634169 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This downstream NPC-assembly Reactome event does not support cytosol localization for AHCTF1. Reason: This Reactome-derived cytosol annotation appears to reflect pathway-event context rather than direct AHCTF1 localization evidence. The curated literature and UniProt record place AHCTF1/ELYS at chromatin, kinetochores, the nuclear envelope, and the nuclear pore/Nup107-160 scaffold. Any mitotic exposure to cytosol after nuclear envelope breakdown is not the informative location for this gene product. Supporting Evidence: Reactome:R-HSA-9615901 AHCTF1 (ELYS, MEL-28) selectively interacts with the Nup107-160 complex and acts as a seeding center for assembly of nuclear pore complexes |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-9648114 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This Reactome-derived cytosol annotation is not an informative AHCTF1 cellular-component call. Reason: The Reactome event concerns mitotic kinetochore/spindle-checkpoint pathway biology rather than direct localization evidence for AHCTF1 itself. AHCTF1 does have bona fide kinetochore and NPC assembly roles, but propagating the generic cytosol component from these events obscures the evidence-supported nuclear pore/chromatin/kinetochore localization. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17098863 At mitosis, ELYS targets to kinetochores |
| GO:0032465 regulation of cytokinesis | IMP PMID:17098863 ELYS is a dual nucleoporin/kinetochore protein required for ... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Cytokinesis regulation is experimentally supported as a depletion phenotype, but it is not the core molecular role. Reason: ELYS depletion increased cytokinesis defects, consistent with a real cell-division consequence. The core evolved function is more specifically NPC assembly and Nup107-160/chromatin-associated scaffold recruitment; cytokinesis should be retained as a non-core phenotype/process connection. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17098863 At mitosis, ELYS targets to kinetochores |
| GO:0070062 extracellular exosome | HDA PMID:19056867 Large-scale proteomics and phosphoproteomics of urinary exos... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: The extracellular exosome call comes from broad urinary-exosome proteomics and is not informative for AHCTF1 function. Reason: This high-throughput exosome dataset identified many proteins and does not establish AHCTF1 as a functional exosome component. It conflicts with the strong nuclear pore/chromatin/kinetochore localization evidence and should not be treated as a core location. Supporting Evidence: PMID:19056867 the analysis identified 1132 proteins unambiguously |
| GO:0000776 kinetochore | IDA PMID:17098863 ELYS is a dual nucleoporin/kinetochore protein required for ... | ACCEPT | Summary: Kinetochore colocalization is directly supported for mitotic ELYS. Reason: ELYS targets kinetochores during mitosis and this localization is part of the dual nucleoporin/kinetochore behavior described for AHCTF1/ELYS. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17098863 At mitosis, ELYS targets to kinetochores PMID:27341616 Both orthologs depend on an intact beta-propeller domain and central alpha-helical domains for NPC and kinetochore organization. |
| GO:0000785 chromatin | IDA PMID:17098863 ELYS is a dual nucleoporin/kinetochore protein required for ... | ACCEPT | Summary: Chromatin localization is consistent with ELYS function as the chromatin-linked seed for post-mitotic NPC assembly. Reason: ELYS binds chromatin during nuclear reformation and recruits the Nup107-160 subcomplex. This cellular-component annotation is supported, although a separate molecular-function chromatin binding annotation is also warranted. Supporting Evidence: PMID:27341616 ELYS binding to chromatin represents the first step in the post-mitotic building of the pore Reactome:R-HSA-9615901 AHCTF1 (ELYS, MEL-28) selectively interacts with the Nup107-160 complex and acts as a seeding center for assembly of nuclear pore complexes |
| GO:0005634 nucleus | IDA PMID:17098863 ELYS is a dual nucleoporin/kinetochore protein required for ... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Nuclear localization is experimentally supported but broad. Reason: The original ELYS study supports nuclear/NPC localization. Keep the broad nucleus annotation, but do not use it as the defining core annotation when nuclear pore, chromatin, and kinetochore evidence is available. Supporting Evidence: file:human/AHCTF1/AHCTF1-uniprot.txt Localizes to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) throughout interphase. |
| GO:0005643 nuclear pore | IDA PMID:17098863 ELYS is a dual nucleoporin/kinetochore protein required for ... | ACCEPT | Summary: Nuclear pore colocalization is a core location for AHCTF1/ELYS. Reason: ELYS copurifies with Nup107-160, localizes to NPCs, and is required for normal nuclear pore assembly. The nuclear pore annotation is therefore central to AHCTF1 function. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17098863 ELYS, a putative transcription factor, was discovered to copurify with the Nup107-160 complex PMID:17098863 depletion of ELYS by RNAi leads to severe disruption of nuclear pores in the nuclear envelope Reactome:R-HSA-9615901 AHCTF1 (ELYS, MEL-28) selectively interacts with the Nup107-160 complex and acts as a seeding center for assembly of nuclear pore complexes |
| GO:0031080 nuclear pore outer ring | IDA PMID:17098863 ELYS is a dual nucleoporin/kinetochore protein required for ... | ACCEPT | Summary: Nuclear pore outer ring colocalization is appropriate given AHCTF1 association with the Nup107-160/Y-complex scaffold. Reason: The Nup107-160/Y-complex forms the outer-ring scaffold of the NPC, and ELYS associates with this complex during NPC assembly. The outer-ring annotation is specific and well aligned with current structural understanding. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17098863 ELYS, a putative transcription factor, was discovered to copurify with the Nup107-160 complex PMID:27016207 Depending on the species, it can have up to four additional proteins, Nup37, Nup43 ELYS or ELY5, and Seh1 Reactome:R-HSA-9615901 AHCTF1 (ELYS, MEL-28) selectively interacts with the Nup107-160 complex and acts as a seeding center for assembly of nuclear pore complexes |
| GO:0051292 nuclear pore complex assembly | IMP PMID:17098863 ELYS is a dual nucleoporin/kinetochore protein required for ... | ACCEPT | Summary: Nuclear pore complex assembly is the central experimentally supported biological process for AHCTF1/ELYS. Reason: RNAi and assembly studies show ELYS is required for NPC formation at the reforming nuclear envelope and functions as a chromatin-linked recruiter of Nup107-160. This is the most appropriate core BP annotation. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17098863 depletion of ELYS by RNAi leads to severe disruption of nuclear pores in the nuclear envelope PMID:27341616 ELYS binding to chromatin represents the first step in the post-mitotic building of the pore file:human/AHCTF1/AHCTF1-uniprot.txt Required for the assembly of a functional nuclear pore complex (NPC) on the surface of chromosomes file:human/AHCTF1/AHCTF1-deep-research-falcon.md Human AHCTF1/ELYS is a chromatin-binding nucleoporin that seeds post-mitotic nuclear pore complex (NPC) reassembly |
| GO:0003682 chromatin binding | IDA PMID:27341616 Identification of Conserved MEL-28/ELYS Domains with Essenti... | NEW | Summary: Proposed new molecular-function annotation: AHCTF1/ELYS enables chromatin binding. Reason: AHCTF1 has a C-terminal chromatin-binding domain, binds chromatin during nuclear reformation, and uses that chromatin association to seed Nup107-160 recruitment and NPC assembly. This MF is more informative than generic protein binding and is directly supported by functional-domain evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:27341616 the C-terminal end of ELYS corresponding to aa. 1851-2275 bound to metaphase chromatin PMID:27341616 ELYS binding to chromatin represents the first step in the post-mitotic building of the pore Reactome:R-HSA-9615901 AHCTF1 (ELYS, MEL-28) selectively interacts with the Nup107-160 complex and acts as a seeding center for assembly of nuclear pore complexes file:human/AHCTF1/AHCTF1-deep-research-falcon.md Human AHCTF1/ELYS is a chromatin-binding nucleoporin that seeds post-mitotic nuclear pore complex (NPC) reassembly file:human/AHCTF1/AHCTF1-deep-research-falcon.md Kobayashi et al. provide direct structural and biochemical evidence that ELYS binds nucleosomes and map a critical basic element required for this interaction |
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Download this section (compressed HTML)Q: Does human AHCTF1/ELYS have separable direct requirements for NPC assembly versus kinetochore/chromosome-segregation functions in non-transformed human cells?
Q: Which chromatin features and Nup107-160 interfaces determine AHCTF1 recruitment during post-mitotic nuclear pore assembly?
Q: Is AHCTF1 included in proteostasis network source lists only through broad nuclear-pore/nucleocytoplasmic-transport projection, or is there direct evidence for protein homeostasis regulation?
Experiment: Domain-rescue experiments in AHCTF1-depleted human cells comparing C-terminal chromatin-binding mutants and N-terminal Nup107-160-binding mutants for NPC assembly, nuclear import/export, and kinetochore phenotypes.
Experiment: Quantitative proximity labeling or AP-MS across mitosis to distinguish AHCTF1 interactions with chromatin, Nup107-160/Y-complex members, and kinetochore proteins.
Experiment: Proteostasis-focused stress assays after AHCTF1 perturbation that measure protein folding, ubiquitin-proteasome flux, and ER stress markers separately from secondary nuclear transport or cell-cycle defects.
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